Person:
Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen

First Name

María Del Carmen

Last Name

Galindo Francisco

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/81297

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Ciencias Geológicas

Department

Mineralogía y Petrología

Area

Petrología y Geoquímica

Identifiers

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 24

The evolution of a mid-crustal thermal aureole at Cerro Toro, Sierra de Famatina, NW Argentina
(Lithos (Oslo. Print), 2014) Alasino, Pablo H.; Casquet Martín, César; Larrovere, M.A.; Pankhurst, R.J.; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Dahlquist, Juan A.; Baldo, Edgardo G.; Rapela, Carlos W.
A sheeted tonalite complex at Cerro Toro in western Sierra de Famatina, Argentina, was emplaced in the middle crust during an early phase of the Ordovician Famatinian orogeny. The intrusion produced a large-scale thermal aureole that provoked significant melting of the host rocks and hybridization of the anatectic melts with the tonalitic magmas. Three zones were distinguished in a cross-section: (1) an external zone consisting of metatexitic gneisses, amphibolites and minor tonalites, (2) an intermediate zone formed by screens of highly melted gneisses and amphibolites lying between the tonalite sheets: stoped blocks of gneisses within the tonalite sheets, small bodies of metagabbro and hybrid rocks are common in this zone, (3) an internal zone formed almost exclusively of massive tonalite. Incongruent melting of biotite in gneisses of the intermediate zone produced abundant cordierite and garnet; anatectic granitoids developed in the innermost part at 750–800ºC and ca. 5kbar. High water activities within this zone eventually promoted significant melting of plagioclase + quartz in the gneisses. Pooling of anatectic magmas resulted in allochthonous bodies of variable size either concordant or discordant to the regional structural grain, and part were retained in or close to the residuum. Allochthonous granitoids did not reach isotopic equilibrium with the source protolith probably due to fast extraction of the melts. The Cerro Toro contact aureole shows that assimilation of metasedimentary rocks through partial melting can be an important mechanism during emplacement of tonalitic magmas at middle crust levels. Thus the chemistry of cordilleran magma can be modified as they rise through the crust.
Thermal maturation of a complete magmatic plumbing system at the Sierra de Velasco, Northwestern Argentina
(Geological magazine, 2021) Macchioli Grande, Marcos; Alasino, Pablo H.; Dahlquist, Juan A.; Morales Cámera, Matías M.; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Basei, Miguel A.S.
The formation of magmatic plumbing systems in the crust involves mass and heat transfer from deep to shallow levels. This process modifies the local geotherm and increases the thermal maturation of the crust, affecting the rheological state of the host rock and the composition of magma. Here, we report a petrological, geochemical, isotopic and geochronological integrated study of the Huaco (354 Ma) and Sanagasta (353 Ma, from a new U–Pb zircon age) units from the Carboniferous (Lower Mississippian) Huaco Intrusive Complex, NW Argentina. Similar values of ϵNdt and δ18O, of −3.2 ± 0.7 and +11.2‰ ± 0.3‰ (V-SMOW), respectively, for both units indicate that they shared the same source, as a result of mixing and later homogenization of a crustal component at the Late Devonian (378 to 366 Ma), with metasomatized mantle-derived melts. Slightly higher contents of TiO2, FeO, MgO, CaO and rare earth elements for the Sanagasta unit in comparison with the Huaco unit suggest an increase in the degree of partial melting, which may have been caused by a higher temperature at the lower crust. In addition, the previous structural model of the Huaco Intrusive Complex points to an increase in thermal maturation in the upper crust, which drives a change in the emplacement style from tabular subhorizontal (Huaco) to vertically elongated (Sanagasta) bodies. Therefore, the evolution of the intrusive complex may reflect a generalized thermal maturation of the complete magmatic column, at both upper and lower crustal levels.
The Faja Eruptiva of the Eastern Puna and the Sierra de Calalaste, NW Argentina: U–Pb zircon chronology of the early Famatinan orogeny
(Journal of iberian geology, 2021) Casquet Martín, César; Alasino, Pablo H.; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Dahlquist, Juan A.; Baldo, Edgardo G.; Ramacciotti, Carlos; Verdecchia, Sebastián; Larrovere, Mariano Alexis; Rapela, Carlos W.; Recio, C.
The Famatinian is a segment of the Ordovician Terra Australis accretionary orogen that stretched along the SW Margin of Gondwana from Australia to Colombia. The present knowledge of this orogenic segment still is incomplete. We present geochemistry and U–Pb SHRIMP zircon geochronology of igneous and metamorphic rocks from the Central Famatinian Domain, one of the several domains recognized by Rapela et al. (Earth Sci Rev 187: 259–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.10.006) that includes the northern Sierras Pampeanas and the southern Puna of North West Argentina. Six samples of igneous rocks (peraluminous granitoids, mafic and felsic rocks, volcanic/subvolcanic rocks) and six samples of associated meta-sedimentary rocks, all from the Puna were dated and chemically analysed. The results indicate that the Central Famatinian Domain is in turn a composite domain that includes a Cordilleran-type magmatic arc (ca. 470 Ma) and a yuxtaposed fault-bounded older terrain formed in an extensional setting at the very start of the Famatinian orogeny, between 480 and 485 Ma, i.e., shortly after the SW Gondwana margin switched from passive to active. This short period of extension with related sedimentation, volcanism and mainly granitoid plutonism has not been previously recognised. It occurred before the Cordilleran-type magmatic arc -that resulted from a magmatic flare-up between ca. 473 and 468 Ma-, set up coincident with a contractional phase. The evidence confirms that accretionary orogeny results from tectonic switching (pull–push orogeny) and that the extensional and contractional phases are of relatively short duration.
The Mesoproterozoic Maz terrane in the Western Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina, equivalent to the Arequipa–Antofalla block of southern Peru? Implications for West Gondwana margin evolution
(Gondwana research, 2008) Casquet Martín, César; Pankhurst, R.J.; Rapela, Carlos W.; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Fanning, C.M.; Chiaradia, Massimo; Baldo, Edgardo G.; González Casado, José Manuel; Dahlquist, Juan A.
The rocks of Sierra de Maz and Sierra del Espinal (Western Sierras Pampeanas) represent pre-Famatinian (Ordovician) basement. Isotope compositions (Nd and Pb) of metasedimentary rocks and SHRIMP U–Pb dating of detrital zircons, combined with other geological evidence, show that three parallel N–S domains can be recognized. The central Maz Domain contains pre-Grenvillian metasedimentary rocks deposited between 1.2 and 1.6 Ga, that underwent Grenvillian granulite facies metamorphism and were intruded by mafic igneous rocks and massif-type anorthosites. Metasedimentary rocks have high Nd TDM ages (1.7–2.7 Ga) and very radiogenic Pb (μ=9.8–10.2), suggesting provenance from reworked early Proterozoic or Archean continental crust. The domains to the east and west of the Maz Domain consist of three metasedimentary sequences with Nd TDM ages between 1.2 and 1.6 Ga and variably radiogenic Pb (μ=9.6–10.0). U–Pb SHRIMP dating of detrital zircons, Nd TDM model ages and comparison with other data suggest that these sequences are post-Grenvillian, i.e., Neoproterozoic and/or early Paleozoic. The Maz Domain is interpreted as a suspect terrane similar to the northern Arequipa–Antofalla craton that forms the basement of the Central Andes; both underwent Grenville-age orogeny and were probably once continuous along the western margin of Amazonia (West Gondwana).
The Río de la Plata craton and the assembly of SW Gondwana
(Earth-science reviews, 2007) Rapela, Carlos W.; Pankhurst, R.J.; Casquet Martín, César; Fanning, C.M.; Baldo, Edgardo G.; González Casado, José Manuel; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Dahlquist, Juan A.
The extent and nature of the Archaean–Palaeoproterozoic craton of Río de la Plata of southern South America, a major but poorly understood crustal component in Neoproterozoic plate reconstructions, as well as the depositional, metamorphic and magmatic history of the surrounding orogenic belts, are reviewed and reassessed, in part through the analysis of material recovered from deep boreholes in western Argentina that penetrated Palaeozoic cover into basement. U–Pb SHRIMP zircon ages for these samples of 2162±6 Ma (diorite), 2189±14 Ma (amphibolitic schist) and 2088±6 Ma (granite) encompass the range of ages determined for the major Palaeoproterozoic orogenic events in the exposed parts of the craton close to the Atlantic coasts of Uruguay and Argentina. Taken together with the geochemical and Nd-isotope characteristics of these samples and an olivine gabbro from a further borehole that failed to yield zircon, these results strongly suggest that the Río de la Plata craton is extremely uniform in its dominant chrono-tectonic and lithological make-up, and that it extends westwards as far as the 535–520 Ma Pampean orogenic belt, against which it probably has a fault contact. U–Pb SHRIMP zircon detrital age patterns are presented for representative metasedimentary samples from the craton cover in the Tandilia belt of eastern Argentina, and from the Pampean (Cambrian) and Famatinian (Ordovician) belts to the west of the craton. Whereas the oldest cover rocks in Tandilia clearly show material derived from the underlying craton, such detritus only appears in the younger (Ordovician) units to the west. Sedimentary protoliths in the Pampean belt were dominated by Neoproterozoic (broadly ∼600 Ma) and late Mesoproterozoic (broadly ∼1100 Ma) provenance, and derivation from the Río de la Plata craton is highly unlikely. Regional considerations, including previously published zircon data, palaeocurrent and structural data, suggest that these rocks must have had an origin within Gondwana-forming blocks, for which the closest identifiable sources are ‘Brazilian’ and ‘African’ (Namaqua–Natal). Consequently, the preferred model for the Pampean orogeny is that the Río de la Plata craton reached its present position by large-scale dextral strike-slip movement against fore-arc sedimentary sequences that had developed on the southern and western margins of the Kalahari craton during the Early Cambrian. In the final stage the displaced sedimentary sequences outboard of the RPC collided with the Mesoproterozoic Western Sierras Pampeanas terrane, which was at the time attached to the large Amazonia craton and other smaller continental blocks, such as Arequipa–Antofalla and Río Apa. Protracted relative displacement of the RPC after the Pampean Orogeny led to its final position.
Diferencias entre granates de rocas ígneas y metamórficas de edad Famatiniana (Ordovícico), en las Sierras Pampeanas (Argentina)
(Macla, 2006) Dahlquist, Juan A.; Alasino, Pablo H.; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Casquet Martín, César
Los granates metamórficos de los esquistos de la zona de la biotita de la sierra de Chepes son ricos en Mn y tienen composiciones muy parecidas a la de los granates ígneos de diferentes rocas graníticas de edad Famatiniana (Ordovícico) de la misma región. Por tanto, el contenido de Mn, por sí mismo, no es suficiente para discriminar el origen de estos minerales, que pueden presentarse como cristales ígneos o como xenocristales en el granito. Por el contrario, el tipo de zonación del Mn permite distinguir entre ambas situaciones, al menos en el caso de granitoides cristalizados por encima de 700ºC.
Deformed carbonatite-syenite complex in the Western Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina: U-Pb shrimp zircon age and isotope (Nd, Sr) constraints.
(2008) Casquet Martín, César; Pankhurst, R.J.; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Rapela, Carlos W.; Fanning, C.M.; Baldo, Edgardo G.; Dahlquist, Juan A.; González Casado, José Manuel; Colombo, F.
Evolución magmática del Granito Peñón Rosado, cerro Asperecito, flanco occidental de la Sierra de Famatina
(Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 2006) Dahlquist, Juan A.; Alasino, Pablo H.; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Rapela, Carlos W.; Saavedra, Julio; Casquet Martín, César; Baldo, Edgardo G.; González Casado, José Manuel; Fanning, C.M.
El granate es un mineral accesorio poco común en rocas ígneas y constituye un tema relevante de la petrología ígnea. Estudios combinados de petrología, química mineral, geoquímica de roca total y geoquímica isotópica en el cerro Asperecito indican que los granitoides con granate que forman el Granito Peñón Rosado (GPR) fueron producidos por la fusión parcial de rocas metasedimentarias con subsecuente diferenciación durante su emplazamiento en el Ordovícico temprano-medio. En este sentido, la facies GPR1 representa un cristalizado temprano, la facies GPR2 representa un fundido diferenciado, y la facies GPR3 un fundido residual. El Granito Peñón Rosado, fue emplazado en condiciones de alta temperatura (785ºC) y presión media (4,4 kb) en profundidades de la corteza media ( 15 km). El emplazamiento casi sincrónico en la corteza media de una abundante suite metaluminosa durante el Ordovícico inferior-medio (468 Ma en el cerro Asperecito) fue suficiente para inducir anatexis local de los metasedimentos circundantes. Los contenidos de elementos mayoritarios (CaO, Na2O) y elementos traza (Rb, Sr, Ba) en el Granito Peñón Rosado sugieren anatexis a partir de un material inmaduro acumulado en un plataforma continental. Así, el Granito Peñón Rosado es un típico granitoide tipo-S con granate y el modelo establecido aquí puede contribuir a un mejor entendimiento acerca de la cristalización del granate en rocas graníticas.
Plutón La Costa, una expresión de magmatismo tipo-s en el sector noreste de la Sierra de Velasco, Sierras Pampeanas.
(Revista de la Asociación Geológica Argentina, 2006) Alasino, Pablo H.; Dahlquist, Juan A.; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Casquet Martín, César
Estudios combinados de petrología, química mineral y geoquímcia de roca total revelan la presencia de dos unidades graníticas peraluminosas con minerales aluminosos magmáticos tales como granate y mica blanca y la presencia distintiva de turmalina. Las evidencias aquí presentadas indican que estas dos facies, Anillaco y Anjullón, junto a la unidad peraluminosa Santa Cruz estudiada en trabajos previos, constituyen una serie de rocas co-sanguíneas, emplazadas en niveles someros de la corteza y las cuales conforman una unidad ígnea mayor denominada aquí plutón La Costa, la cual aflora en el sector noreste de la sierra de Velasco. La asociación mineral, la química mineral y la geoquímica de roca total permiten definir al plutón La Costa como un clásico granitoide tipo–S, derivado de una roca fuente de composición esencialmente pelítica. Diferentes estudios demuestran que la generación de granitoides tipo-S requiere de un alto gradiente geotérmico, por lo cual el plutón La Costa indica que la corteza en esta región soportó un notable calentamiento durante la generación del magma. Sin embargo, la ausencia de datos geocronológicos impide definir el evento tectomagmático que produjo el magma primordial de este plutón. [ABSTRACTS] La Costa pluton, an expresion of S- type magmatism in the northeastern sector of the Sierra de Velasco, Sierras Pampeanas. Combined petrology, mineral chemistry and whole-rock geochemistry studies reveal the presence of two peraluminous granitic units with magmatic aluminous minerals, such as garnet and white mica, and the distinctive presence of tourmaline. The evidence presented here indicates that these two facies, Anillaco and Anjullón, together with the peraluminous Santa Cruz unit studied in previous works, constitute co-sanguineous rocks, emplacemed in shallow levels of the crust, conforming a greater igneous unit, named here as La Costa pluton, that outcrops in the northeast sector of the sierra de Velasco. The mineral assemblage, the mineral chemistry and the whole-rock geochemistry allow defining the La Costa pluton as classic S-type granitoids, derived of a source rock of dominant pelitic composition. Several studies demonstrate that a high geothermal gradient is required for the generation of S-types granitoids, thus the La Costa pluton indicates that the crust supported a remarkable heating in this region during the generation of the magma. However, the absence of geochronological data prevents identification of the tectomagmatic event that yielded the parental magma of this pluton.
Fast sediment underplating and essentially coeval juvenile magmatism in the Ordovician margin of Gondwana, Western Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina
(Gondwana research, 2012) Casquet Martín, César; Rapela, Carlos W.; Pankhurst, R.J.; Baldo, Edgardo G.; Galindo Francisco, María Del Carmen; Fanning, C.M.; Dahlquist, Juan A.
Metasedimentary high-pressure upper amphibolite facies gneisses (1.2±0.1 GPa and 780±45 °C) at Las Chacras, Sierra de Valle Fértil, are tectonically juxtaposed to thewesternmost parts (outboard) of the Famatinian (Early Ordovician) magmatic arc, which underwent syn-plutonic middle crust high-grade metamorphism at lower pressure. U–Pb SHRIMP zircon data suggest that the gneisses contain Famatinian igneous detritus, so that their sedimentary protoliths were probably deposited in a forearc basin and then rapidly underthrust and accreted to the lower crust of the arc, essentially coevallywith arc magmatismat 468±4 Ma. Chemically and isotopically juvenile garnetiferous amphibolites within the gneisses are recognised as representing themost primitive magmas so far observed in this belt, which has often been considered to be a continental arc derived from isotopically mature sources. This is consistent with the idea that at least part of the dominant Famatinian magmatism originated in depleted mantle but was heavily contaminated by crustal components.