Person: Sánchez Donoso, Ramón
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First Name
Ramón
Last Name
Sánchez Donoso
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Ciencias Geológicas
Department
Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología
Area
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5 results
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Item Evaluación del riesgo ecotoxicológico en suelos afectados por actividades mineras en la Faja Pirítica mediante aplicación de bioensayos(Macla, 2022) Andreu Sánchez, Óscar; Esbrí Víctor, José María; García Lorenzo, María De La Luz; Arroyo Rey, Xabier; Iglesias Martínez, Mario; Crespo Feo, María Elena; Castiñeiras García, Pedro; Sánchez Donoso, Ramón; Ruiz Costa, NuriaItem Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements in Technosols by Tailings Derived from Pb–Zn–Ag Mining Activities at San Quintín (Ciudad Real, Spain): Some Insights into the Importance of Integral Studies to Evaluate Metal Contamination Pollution Hazards(Minerals, 2019) García Lorenzo, María De La Luz; Crespo Feo, María Elena; Esbrí Víctor, José María; Higueras, Pablo; Grau, Patricia; Crespo, Isabel; Sánchez Donoso, RamónThis work presents an integral methodological approach to assess the environmental potential hazards posed by metals and metalloids hosted by spolic technosols derived from old tailings from a mining operation for galena (PbS, with high Ag contents)-sphalerite (ZnS, with a varied cohort of trace elements contents) in central Spain. We studied the total and soluble concentrations and spatial distribution of Pb, Zn, Cd, As, and Fe and the mineralogy of these soils, as well as an ecotoxicological evaluation by means of bioassays. The indices assessing soil contamination such as pollution load index (PI) and natural mobility index (NMI) have been calculated. Furthermore, the phytotoxic effect of the soil samples has been determined and a chronic sediment toxicity test using the benthic ostracod Heterocypris incongruens was applied. The geochemical study of 33 spolic technosols samples indicates large to extremely large metal and metalloid total contents: up to 48,600 mg kg−1 Pb, 34,000 mg kg−1 Zn, 500 mg kg−1 Cd, and 1000 mg kg−1 As. Given that sphalerite is usually the most important host mineral for cadmium in hydrothermal mineral deposits, there is a high correlation (R = 0.75) between this element and Zn. On the other hand, despite being two metallogenically intertwined elements in ore deposits, Pb and Zn show a less significant relationship, which can be attributed both to heterogeneities in the mineralogical composition of the veins, and to the complex history of the mineral concentration process: In the older process, the interest was only for Pb, meanwhile in the late period, the interest was focused in Zn. The Phytotoxkit® bioassay showed that soils with high PTEs presented very high toxicity, particularly the inhibition germination is related to Pb, As, and Cd content and root inhibition with Pb content. Both indexes were correlated with pH and electrical conductivity; samples with lower pH and higher soluble salt content are those with higher seed germination inhibition and root growth inhibition. On the other hand, the Ostracodtoxkit® bioassay showed very high sensitivity, with 100% mortality. The applied bioassays confirmed the soil toxicity and it is highly recommended to complement the results from environmental chemistry with results from bioassays, in order to provide a more complete and relevant information on the bioavailability of contaminants and to characterize the risk of contaminated areas.Item Uso de eflorescencias como indicadores de eficiencia en la recuperación de zonas contaminadas por actividad minera(Macla: revista de la Sociedad Española de Mineralogía, 2019) García Lorenzo, María De La Luz; Crespo Feo, María Elena; Viejo Ocaña, Beatriz; Sánchez Donoso, Ramón; Higueras Higueras, Pablo; Esbrí Víctor, José MaríaItem Soil and Freshwater Bioassays to Assess Ecotoxicological Impact on Soils Affected by Mining Activities in the Iberian Pyrite Belt(Toxics, 2022) Andreu Sánchez, Óscar; García Lorenzo, María De La Luz; Esbrí Víctor, José María; Sánchez Donoso, Ramón; Iglesias Martínez, Mario; Arroyo Rey, Xabier; Crespo Feo, María Elena; Ruiz Costa, Nuria; Roca Pérez, Luis; Castiñeiras García, PedroThis study aims to use geochemical, mineralogical, ecotoxicological and biological indicators for a comprehensive assessment of the ecological risks related to the mobility, ecotoxicity and bioavailability of potentially harmful elements in the Lousal mining district. Particularly, toxicity was evaluated using four assays: algae, cytotoxicity assays with HaCaT cell line (dermal), earthworms and Daphnia magna. The geochemical and mineralogical characterization of the studied area shows that the mine wastes underwent intense weathering processes, producing important contamination of the adjacent soils, which also led to the release and mobilization of PHEs into nearby water courses. Total PTE results indicate that the soils affected by mining activities were highly contaminated with As and Cu, while Zn and Pb content ranged from low to very high, depending on the analyzed samples. Cadmium levels were found to be very low in most of the soil samples. The test using Daphnia magna was the most sensitive bioassay, while the Eisenia foetida test was the least sensitive. Except for the LOS07 soil sample, the rest of the soils were classified as “High acute toxicity” and “Very high acute toxicity” for aquatic systems. The results in HACaT cells showed results similar to the ecotoxicological bioassays. The application of biotests, together with geochemical and mineralogical characterization, is a very useful tool to establish the degree of contamination and the environmental risk of potentially harmful elements.Item Geochemical Characterization and Trace-Element Mobility Assessment for Metallic Mine Reclamation in Soils Affected by Mine Activities in the Iberian Pyrite Belt(Geosciences, 2021) Sánchez Donoso, Ramón; García Lorenzo, María De La Luz; Esbrí Víctor, José María; García Noguero, Eva María; Higueras Higueras, Pablo; Crespo Feo, María ElenaThe geochemical characterization of the mine deposits and soils in metal mining areas is essential in order to develop an effective mine reclamation strategy. The determination of total potentially toxic element (PTE) content, together with the application of chemical extraction procedures, can give insight into the behavior of contaminants after the application of different mine reclamation solutions, as well as identify the areas where urgent action is needed. This work presents a practical application to the evaluation of the pollution potential of trace elements in soils affected by mining activities, to be used in metallic mine reclamation. The PTE behavior was assessed by single extractions in order to simulate four environmental conditions: PTE mobility under rainfall conditions, acid mine drainage, reducing conditions, and plant uptake. The spatial distribution of contaminants in the study area was evaluated by determination of PTE total content in soil samples. Trace elements with high natural mobility, such as Zn, appeared concentrated at water and sediment discharge areas, while As, Pb, and Cu contents were higher near the mine wastes. The results obtained after the extractions suggested that the highest PTE content was extracted in the complexing–reducing medium, due to the dissolution of secondary sulfates and Fe3+ oxyhydroxides and the subsequent release of PTEs associated with those mineral phases. Reclamation strategies applied in the study area should promote efficient water drainage, infiltration, and subsuperficial water circulation in order to maintain oxidant conditions in the soil. The methodology applied in this study may constitute a valuable tool to define the geochemical constraints in metal mining areas, as well as help to develop appropriate mine reclamation solutions.