Person:
Ambrosio Elejalde, Nagore

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First Name
Nagore
Last Name
Ambrosio Elejalde
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/79773
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Odontología
Department
Especialidades Clínicas Odontológicas
Area
Estomatología
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2013 - 201932020 - 20212
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    Detection and quantification of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus oralis in blood samples with different microbiological identification methods: An in vitro study
    (Archives of Oral Biology, 2017) Marín Cuenda, María José; Ambrosio Elejalde, Nagore; Virto Ruiz, Leire; Diz, Pedro; Álvarez, Maximiliano; Herrera, David; Sanz Alonso, Mariano; Figuero Ruiz, Elena
    Background: Culture-based methods (culture broth bottles or lysis methods) have been the standard for detecting bacteremia. More recently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was proposed as a more sensitive and specific test although none of them has been validated for the identification of periodontal pathogens (fastidious growing bacteria) in blood samples. Objective: To compare the ability to detect and quantify Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus oralis (alone or in combination) in blood samples with three culture techniques [direct anaerobic culturing (DAC), haemo-culture (BACTEC), and lysis-centrifugation (LC)] and a non-culture dependent approach (qPCR) in an in vitro study. Material and methods: Blood samples from 12 periodontally healthy volunteers were contaminated with three concentrations [104,102 and 101 colony forming units (CFU)/mL] of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and S. oralis, alone or in combination. Samples were analysed by DAC, BACTEC, LC and qPCR. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, kappa index and Lińs correlation coefficients were calculated. Results: DAC, LC and qPCR were able to detect the three target species at all concentrations. An excellent concordance (correlation coefficient r: 0.92-1) was observed between DAC and the reference standard (sensitivity raging 93.33-100% and specificity 88.89-100%) values. BACTEC was not able to identify P. gingivalis in any of the performed experiments. qPCR provided false negative results for S.oralis. Conclusions: DAC showed the best results for the proper identification and quantification of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and S. oralis, alone or in combination, in blood samples.
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    Periodontal diseases and depression: A pre‐clinical in vivo study
    (Journal of Clinical Periodontology, 2021) Martínez, María; Martín‐Hernández, David; Virto Ruiz, Leire; Mac-Dowell Mata, Karina Soledad; Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos; García Bueno, Borja; Figuero Ruiz, Elena; Ambrosio Elejalde, Nagore; Herrera González, David; Montero Solís, Eduardo; González Bris, Álvaro; Marín Cuenda, María José; Sanz Martín, Mariano
    Aim: To analyse, through a pre-clinical in vivo model, the possible mechanisms linking depression and periodontitis at behavioural, microbiological and molecular levels. Materials and methods: Periodontitis (P) was induced in Wistar:Han rats (oral gavages with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum) during 12 weeks, followed by a 3-week period of Chronic Mild Stress (CMS) induction. Four groups (n = 12 rats/group) were obtained: periodontitis and CMS (P+CMS+); periodontitis without CMS; CMS without periodontitis; and control. Periodontal clinical variables, alveolar bone levels (ABL), depressive-like behaviour, microbial counts and expression of inflammatory mediators in plasma and brain frontal cortex (FC), were measured. ANOVA tests were applied. Results: The highest values for ABL occurred in the P+CMS+ group, which also presented the highest expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-kB) in frontal cortex, related to the lipoprotein APOA1-mediated transport of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to the brain and the detection of F. nucleatum in the brain parenchyma. A dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal stress axis, reflected by the increase in plasma corticosterone and glucocorticoid receptor levels in FC, was also found in this group. Conclusions: Neuroinflammation induced by F. nucleatum (through a leaky mouth) might act as the linking mechanism between periodontal diseases and depression.
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    Detection and quantification of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus oralis in blood samples with different microbiological identification methods
    (Archives of Oral Biology, 2016) Herrera, David; Sanz, Mariano; Figuero, Elena; Marín Cuenda, María José; Ambrosio Elejalde, Nagore; Virto Ruiz, Leire
    Background: Culture-based methods (culture broth bottles or lysis methods) have been the standard for detecting bacteremia. More recently, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was proposed as a more sensitive and specific test although none of them has been validated for the identification of periodontal pathogens (fastidious growing bacteria) in blood samples. Objective: To compare the ability to detect and quantify Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus oralis (alone or in combination) in blood samples with three culture techniques [direct anaerobic culturing (DAC), haemo-culture (BACTEC), and lysis-centrifugation (LC)] and a non-culture dependent approach (qPCR) in an in vitro study. Material and methods: Blood samples from 12 periodontally healthy volunteers were contaminated with three concentrations [104,102 and 101 colony forming units (CFU)/mL] of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and S. oralis, alone or in combination. Samples were analysed by DAC, BACTEC, LC and qPCR. Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, kappa index and Lińs correlation coefficients were calculated. Results: DAC, LC and qPCR were able to detect the three target species at all concentrations. An excellent concordance (correlation coefficient r: 0.92-1) was observed between DAC and the reference standard (sensitivity raging 93.33-100% and specificity 88.89-100%) values. BACTEC was not able to identify P. gingivalis in any of the performed experiments. qPCR provided false negative results for S.oralis. Conclusions: DAC showed the best results for the proper identification and quantification of A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis and S. oralis, alone or in combination, in blood samples.
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    Bacteriemias de origen periodontal: validación de técnicas microbiológicas
    (2020) Ambrosio Elejalde, Nagore; Figuero Ruiz, Elena; Herrera González, David
    ANTECEDENTES: El paso de bacterias a sangre (bacteriemias) se ha postulado como uno de los posibles mecanismos responsables de la relación entre la periodontitis y ciertas enfermedades sistémicas. Pocos son los estudios que buscan bacteriemias de origen periodontal que, a su vez, analicen y correlacionen los datos obtenidos en las muestras de sangre con los obtenidos en muestras subgingivales. Por otro lado, se ha demostrado que la acumulación del biofilm y la inflamación gingival aumentan la prevalencia de bacteriemias tras manipulaciones bucodentales profesionales y no profesionales, lo que podría justificar el análisis de esas bacterias a nivel subgingival en estos pacientes. OBJETIVOS: Validar y comparar los resultados obtenidos con diferentes técnicas microbiológicas para la detección de patógenos clave en muestras de sangre y en muestras subgingivales para el estudio de bacteriemias de origen periodontal. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados de esta serie de estudios demuestran que la detección de patógenos periodontales, tanto en muestras de sangre como en muestras subgingivales, requiere de procesamiento y técnicas validadas para su identificación y cuantificación. Parece que las técnicas utilizadas en microbiología periodontal, tales como el CAD o la qPCR son las técnicas de elección en aquellos estudios en los que se quiera evaluar el paso de patógenos periodontales al torrente sanguíneo...
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