Person: Gómez Ruiz, María Sagrario
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First Name
María Sagrario
Last Name
Gómez Ruiz
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Psicología
Department
Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento
Area
Psicobiología
Identifiers
7 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
- Project number: 38
Item Proyecto de Auxiliares Docentes Pregraduados(2018) Bolaños Cartujo, Ignacio; El-Seyoufi Cortés, Sara; Marqués Delgado, Fernando; Casado Martínez, María del Pilar; Escorial Martín, Sergio; Gómez Ruiz, María SagrarioEl proyecto de Auxiliares Docentes Pregraduados (PADOC) es un proyecto de estudiantes, propuesto y desarrollado por ellos. El objetivo general del proyecto fué implantar en la Facultad de Psicología una experiencia piloto durante el curso 2016-2017. El proyecto surgió de la necesidad de implicar a los estudiantes en iniciativas de aprendizaje activo y colaborativo, con las que pudieran beneficiarse tanto de la participación directa en las tareas docentes como de la interacción con el grupo de iguales que participan de dichas actividades. El Auxiliar Docente Pregraduado (Undergraduate Teaching Assistant) es un estudiante que colabora con un profesor en sus funciones docentes. Preferiblemente ha realizado la asignatura con ese profesor y ha obtenido buenos resultados en la misma. Actúan como conocedores y versados en la materia pertinente, colaborando con el profesor para facilitar el aprendizaje de sus alumnos, siempre con el apoyo oficial de la institución. Item Dysregulation of the endocannabinoid signaling system in the cerebellum and brainstem in a transgenic mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type-3(Neuroscience, 2016) Hernández-Gálvez, Mariluz; Hillard, Cecilia J.; Maciel, Patricia; García-García, Luis; Valdeolivas, Sara; Rodríguez Cueto, Carmen Aurora; Pozo García, Miguel Ángel; Ramos Atance, José Antonio; Gómez Ruiz, María Sagrario; Fernández Ruiz, José Javier; García García, LuisSpinocerebellar ataxia type-3 (SCA-3) is a rare disease but it is the most frequent type within the autosomal dominant inherited ataxias. The disease lacks an effective treatment to alleviate major symptoms and to modify disease progression. Our recent findings that endocannabinoid receptors and enzymes are significantly altered in the post-mortem cerebellum of patients affected by autosomal-dominant hereditary ataxias suggest that targeting the endocannabinoid signaling system may be a promising therapeutic option. Our goal was to investigate the status of the endocannabinoid signaling system in a transgenic mouse model of SCA-3, in the two CNS structures most affected in this disease - cerebellum and brainstem. These animals exhibited progressive motor incoordination, imbalance, abnormal gait, muscle weakness, and dystonia, in parallel to reduced in vivo brain glucose metabolism, deterioration of specific neuron subsets located in the dentate nucleus and pontine nuclei, small changes in microglial morphology, and reduction in glial glutamate transporters. Concerning the endocannabinoid signaling, our data indicated no changes in CB2 receptors. By contrast, CB1 receptors increased in the Purkinje cell layer, in particular in terminals of basket cells, but they were reduced in the dentate nucleus. We also measured the levels of endocannabinoid lipids and found reductions in anandamide and oleoylethanolamide in the brainstem. These changes correlated with an increase in the FAAH enzyme in the brainstem, which also occurred in some cerebellar areas, whereas other endocannabinoid-related enzymes were not altered. Collectively, our results in SCA-3 mutant mice confirm a possible dysregulation in the endocannabinoid system in the most important brain structures affected in this type of ataxia, suggesting that a pharmacological manipulation addressed to correct these changes could be a promising option in SCA-3.Item Altered striatal endocannabinoid signaling in a transgenic mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia type-3(PLOS one, 2017) Hernández-Gálvez, Mariluz; Hillard, Cecilia J.; Maciel, Patricia; Valdeolivas, Sara; Rodríguez Cueto, Carmen Aurora; Gómez Ruiz, María Sagrario; Fernández Ruiz, José Javier; Ramos Atance, José Antonio; David R BorcheltSpinocerebellar ataxia type-3 (SCA-3) is the most prevalent autosomal dominant inherited ataxia. We recently found that the endocannabinoid system is altered in the post-mortem cerebellum of SCA-3 patients, and similar results were also found in the cerebellar and brainstem nuclei of a SCA-3 transgenic mouse model. Given that the neuropathology of SCA-3 is not restricted to these two brain regions but rather, it is also evident in other structures (e.g., the basal ganglia), we studied the possible changes to endocannabinoid signaling in the striatum of these transgenic mice. SCA-3 mutant mice suffer defects in motor coordination, balance and they have an abnormal gait, reflecting a cerebellar/brainstem neuropathology. However, they also show dystonia-like behavior (limb clasping) that may be related to the malfunction/deterioration of specific neurons in the striatum. Indeed, we found a loss of striatal projecting neurons in SCA-3 mutant mice, accompanied by a reduction in glial glutamate transporters that could potentially aggravate excitotoxic damage. In terms of endocannabinoid signaling, no changes in CB2 receptors were evident, yet an important reduction in CB1 receptors was detected by qPCR and immunostaining. The reduction in CB1 receptors was presumed to occur in striatal afferent and efferent neurons, also potentially aggravating excitotoxicity. We also measured the endocannabinoid lipids in the striatum and despite a marked increase in the FAAH enzyme in this area, no overall changes in these lipids were found. Collectively, these studies confirm that the striatal endocannabinoid system is altered in SCA-3 mutant mice, adding to the equivalent changes found in other strongly affected CNS structures in this type of ataxia (i.e.: the cerebellum and brainstem). These data open the way to search for drugs that might correct these changes.Item Changes in CB1 and CB2 receptors in the post‐mortem cerebellum of humans affected by spinocerebellar ataxias(British Journal of Pharmacology, 2014) Benito, Cristina; Romero, Julián; Hernández‐Gálvez, Mariluz; Rodríguez Cueto, Carmen Aurora; Fernández Ruiz, José Javier; Gómez Ruiz, María SagrarioBackground and Purpose: Spinocerebellar ataxias are a family of chronic progressive neurodegenerative diseases, clinically and genetically heterogeneous, characterized by loss of balance and motor coordination due to degeneration of the cerebellum and its afferent and efferent connections. Unlike other motor disorders, the possible role of changes in the endocannabinoid system in the pathogenesis of SCAs has not been investigated. Experimental Approach: The status of cannabinoid receptor type 1 CB1 and cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2)) receptors in the post‐mortem cerebellum of SCA patients and controls was investigated using immunohistochemical procedures. Key results: Immunoreactivity for the CB1 receptor, and also for the CB2 receptor, was found in the granular layer, Purkinje cells, neurons of the dentate nucleus and areas of white matter in the cerebellum of SCA patients at levels notably higher than controls. Double-labelling procedures demonstrated co-localization of CB1 and, in particular, CB2 receptors with calbindin, supporting the presence of these receptors in Purkinje neurons. Both receptors also co-localized with Iba-1 and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the granular layer and white matter areas, indicating that they are present in microglia and astrocytes respectively. Conclusions and implications: Our results demonstrate that CB1 and CB2 receptor levels are significantly altered in the cerebellum of SCA patients. Their identification in Purkinje neurons, which are the main cells affected in SCAs, as well as the changes they experienced, suggest that alterations in endocannabinoid receptors may be related to the pathogenesis of SCAs. Therefore, the endocannabinoid system could provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of SCAs and its progression.- Project number: 257
Item La experiencia de la educación en la pandemia, una herramienta para el futuro(2023) Hernández Fisac, Inés; Navarro González De Mesa, Elisa; Sagredo Ezquioga, Onintza; Lago Femia, Eva De; Gómez Cañas, María; Rodríguez Cueto, Carmen Aurora; Gómez Ruiz, María Sagrario; Satta, Valentina; Ramírez Alcázar. María Ángeles; Sanz Zamora. Javier; Hernández Fisac, InésLos últimos tres cursos académicos han quedado marcados, indudablemente, por la pandemia mundial que ha alterado el orden conocido a todos los niveles de nuestra vida, pero también ha cambiado la metodología docente, lo que ha supuesto un reto tanto para los docentes como para los alumnos se han enfrentado a ella. De esta forma, se han establecido puntos de partida para una nueva metodología de trabajo en la que los docentes nos enfrentamos a un alumnado cada vez más virtualizado. Nuestros alumnos han asumido las nuevas tecnologías y las redes sociales como parte de su rutina. De igual modo, su forma de aprender también ha cambiado. Esta virtualización del alumnado se ha producido en un momento que coexiste con un progresivo envejecimiento de la plantilla del profesorado. La plantilla PDI de la UCM, en el año 2021, tenía una edad media de 55,67 años, de los cuales, solo el 46% era personal permanente (según datos del Consejo de Gobierno de marzo de 2021). Esto significa que es una plantilla que irremediablemente tendrá que ser reemplazada, a corto plazo, por un gran número de nuevos docentes, sin el bagaje docente que dan los años de experiencia, pero con ideas frescas y nuevas que poner en marcha. Cómo se afronte esta nueva labor, será determinante para el futuro de nuestra Universidad. Nosotros nos proponemos realizar una reflexión y aprender de nuestra propia experiencia. A través del desarrollo de este proyecto queremos analizar cómo han afectado a los resultados académicos, los dos años de docencia virtual o semipresencial que hemos vivido. Pretendemos identificar las fortalezas de las medidas implementadas, pero también las carencias de un sistema que llegó de manera improvisada y, muchas veces, sin medios suficientes. Tanto el curso 2020-2021, como el curso 2021-2022 pusieron a prueba nuestra institución ya que nos enfrentamos al reto de asumir una docencia absoluta o parcialmente virtualizada. Proponemos un proyecto de innovación docente interfacultativo en el que pretendemos evaluar el efecto que ha tenido la situación pandémica global derivada de la COVID-19 sobre la docencia universitaria, enmarcada dentro de los departamentos de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de la Facultad de Medicina y Psicobiología y Metodología en CIencias del Comportamiento, de la Facultad de Psicología. Esto nos permitirá buscar diferencias entre las medidas implementadas en diferentes centros y entre varios grados impartidos en el área de las Ciencias de la Salud, pero con un diferente componente práctico, como serían los grados de Medicina, Bioquímica, Fisiología, Podología o Psicología. Item Endocannabinoid-Hydrolysing Enzymes in the Post-Mortem Cerebellum of Humans Affected by Hereditary Autosomal Dominant Ataxias(Pathobiology, 2014) Romero, Julián; Hernández-Gálvez, Mariluz; Rodríguez Cueto, Carmen Aurora; Fernández Ruiz, José Javier; Benito Villalvilla, Cristina; Gómez Ruiz, María SagrarioObjectives: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs) are characterized by a loss of balance and motor coordination due to degeneration of the cerebellum and its afferent and efferent connections. We recently found important changes in cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptors in the post-mortem cerebellum of patients affected by different SCAs. Methods: We wanted to further explore this issue by analysing the two major endocannabinoid-hydrolysing enzymes, fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacyl glycerol lipase (MAGL), in the post-mortem cerebellum of SCA patients and control subjects. Results: Immunoreactivity for the FAAH and MAGL enzymes was found in the granular layer, in Purkinje cells, in neurons of the dentate nucleus and in areas of white matter in the cerebellum of patients at levels frequently notably higher than those in control subjects. Using double-labelling procedures, we found co-localization of FAAH and MAGL with calbindin, supporting the presence of these enzymes in Purkinje neurons. Conclusions: Degradative endocannabinoid enzymes are significantly increased in the cerebellum of SCA patients, which would presumably lead to reduced endocannabinoid levels. The identification of these enzymes in Purkinje neurons suggests a relationship with the pathogenesis of SCAs and suggests that the endocannabinoid system could provide potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of disease progression in SCAs.- Project number: 269
Item Programas de Auxiliares Docentes Postgraduados(2020) Pérez García, Eva María; Bolaños Cartujo, José Ignacio; Barrón López De Roda, Ana; Casado Martínez, María del Pilar; Iglesias Soilán, Manuel; Martín Dobón, Elisa; Enguídanos Vanderweyen, Daniel; Escorial Martín, Sergio; Fernández González, Santiago; Gómez Ruiz, María Sagrario; Ondé Pérez, Daniel; Orio Ortiz, Laura; Rio Grande, David Pedro del