Person: Maldonado Bautista, Estela
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First Name
Estela
Last Name
Maldonado Bautista
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Medicina
Department
Anatomía y Embriología
Area
Anatomía y Embriología Humana
Identifiers
8 results
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Item Connections between the internal and the external capsules and the globus pallidus in the sheep: A dichromate stain X‐ray microtomographic study(Anatomia Histologia Embryologia, 2020) Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Notario, Belen; Maldonado Bautista, Estela; Martínez Sanz, Elena; Barrio Asensio, María Del Carmen; Herrera Lara, Manuel EugenioSheep are recognized as useful species for translational neurodegeneration research, in particular for the study of Huntington disease. There is a lack of information regarding the detailed anatomy and connections of the basal ganglia of sheep, in normal myeloarchitectonics and in tract-tracing studies. In this work, the organization of the corticostriatal projections at the level of the putamen and globus pallidus (GP) are explored. For the first time, the myeloarchitectonic pattern of connections between the internal (IC) and the external (EC) capsules with the GP have been investigated in the sheep. Formaldehyde-fixed blocks of the striatum were treated with a metallic stain containing potassium dichromate and visualized using micro-CT (µ-CT). The trivalent chromium (Cr3+), attached to myelin phospholipids, imparts a differential contrast to the grey and white matter compartments, which allows the visualization of myelinated fascicles in µ-CT images. The fascicles were classified according to their topographical location in dorsal supreme fascicles (X, Y, apex) arising from the IC and EC; pre-commissurally, basal fascicles connecting the ventral part of the EC with the lateral zone of the ventral pallidum (VP) and, post-commissurally, superior (Z1 ), middle (Z2 ) and lower (Z3 ) fascicles, connecting at different levels the EC with the GP. The results suggest that the presumptive cortical efferent and afferent fibres to the pallidum could be organized according to a dorsal to ventrolateral topography in the sheep, similar to that seen in other mammals. The proposed methodology has the potential to delineate the myeloarchitectonic patterns of nervous systems and tracts.Item Occurrence of cleft-palate and alteration of Tgf-β3 expression and the mechanisms leading to palatal fusion in mice following dietary folic-acid deficiency(Cells Tissues Organs, 2011) Maldonado Bautista, Estela; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Barrio Asensio, María Del Carmen; Río Sevilla, Aurora Del; Pérez De Miguelsanz, María Juliana; López Gordillo, Yamila; Partearroyo, Teresa; Paradas Lara, Irene; Maestro De Las Casas, María Del Carmen; Martínez Sanz, Elena; Varela Moreiras, Gregorio; Martínez Álvarez, María ConcepciónFolic acid (FA) is essential for numerous bodily functions. Its decrease during pregnancy has been associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations in the progeny. The relationship between FA deficiency and the appearance of cleft palate (CP) is controversial, and little information exists on a possible effect of FA on palate development. We investigated the effect of a 2–8 weeks’ induced FA deficiency in female mice on the development of CP in their progeny as well as the mechanisms leading to palatal fusion, i.e. cell proliferation, cell death, and palatal-shelf adhesion and fusion. We showed that an 8 weeks’ maternal FA deficiency caused complete CP in the fetuses although a 2 weeks’ maternal FA deficiency was enough to alter all the mechanisms analyzed. Since transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-β3) is crucial for palatal fusion and since most of the mechanisms impaired by FA deficiency were also observed in the palates of Tgf-β3 null mutant mice, we investigated the presence of TGF-beta 3 mRNA, its protein and phospho-SMAD2 in FA-deficient (FAD) mouse palates. Our results evidenced a large reduction in Tgf-β3 expression in palates of embryos of dams fed an FAD diet for 8 weeks; Tgf-β3 expression was less reduced in palates of embryos of dams fed an FAD diet for 2 weeks. Addition of Tgf-β3 to palatal-shelf cultures of embryos of dams fed an FAD diet for 2 weeks normalized all the altered mechanisms. Thus, an insufficient folate status may be a risk factor for the development of CP in mice, and exogenous Tgf-β3 compensates this deficit in vitro.Item Adaptaciones de la Enseñanza Anatómica Durante el COVID-19 en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Evaluación de los Estudiantes(International Journal of Morphology, 2023) Maldonado Bautista, Estela; García De Pereda Notario, Carlos Miguel; Martínez Sanz, Elena; García Gómez, Susana; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Barrio Asensio, María Del Carmen; Virto Ruiz, Leire; García Serradilla, Moisés; Mérida Velasco, José Ramón; Arráez Aybar, Luis AlfonsoLas restricciones por la pandemia del COVID-19 supusieron la transición abrupta a una enseñanza online tanto del contenido teórico como práctico y de la evaluación final de las asignaturas que imparte el departamento en varias titulaciones. En previsión de que el siguiente curso académico 2020-21 se vería totalmente afectado, se desarrollaron una serie de materiales didácticos propios, como la elaboración de guiones de teoría y práctica que incorporaron imágenes de modelos anatómicos, prosecciones, anatomía radiológica y anatomía ecográfica. La percepción de esta innovación fue evaluada por los estudiantes a través de una encuesta en línea y sus respuestas mediante una escala tipo Likert. Participaron 346 estudiantes de las titulaciones de Fisioterapia (n= 66), Medicina (n= 169), Podología (n= 44) y Terapia Ocupacional (n= 67). Las puntuaciones medias más altas correspondieron a los estudiantes de Podología y Terapia Ocupacional, ambas presentaron diferencias significativas con los otros tres subgrupos de alumnos (p<.0001). El puntaje promedio más bajo correspondió a los estudiantes de Medicina de segundo año académico que presentó significancia con los otros cuatro subgrupos de estudiantes (p<.0001). Se analizaron las carencias del sistema educativo en la Universidad Complutense de Madrid reveladas por la pandemia del Covid19. Esta crisis ha puesto de manifiesto la necesidad de que los educadores médicos en general y los anatomistas en particular estén capacitados en el uso de la tecnología disponible y en la creación de sus propios materiales didácticos multimedia.Item Transforming Growth Factor-β3 Regulates Adipocyte Number in Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue(CELL REPORTS, 2017) Petrus, Paul et al.; Rydén M.; Maldonado Bautista, Estela; Martínez Álvarez, María ConcepciónWhite adipose tissue (WAT) mass is determined by adipocyte size and number. While adipocytes are continuously turned over, the mechanisms controlling fat cell number in WAT upon weight changes are unclear. Herein, prospective studies of human subcutaneous WAT demonstrate that weight gain increases both adipocyte size and number, but the latter remains unaltered after weight loss. Transcriptome analyses associate changes in adipocyte number with the expression of 79 genes. This gene set is enriched for growth factors, out of which one, transforming growth factor-b3 (TGFb3), stimulates adipocyte progenitor proliferation, resulting in a higher number of cells undergoing differentiation in vitro. The relevance of these observations was corroborated in vivo where Tgfb3+/ mice, in comparison with wild-type littermates, display lower subcutaneous adipocyte progenitor proliferation, WAT hypertrophy, and glucose intolerance. TGFb3 is therefore a regulator of subcutaneous adipocyte number and may link WAT morphology to glucose metabolism.Item Analysis of the presence of cell proliferation-related molecules in the Tgf-β3 null mutant mouse palate reveals misexpression of EGF and Msx-1(Cells Tissues Organs, 2011) Del Río, A; López-Gordillo, Y; Martínez, M L; Barrio Asensio, María Del Carmen; Murillo Arroyo, Francisco Javier; Maldonado Bautista, Estela; Martínez Sanz, Elena; Martínez Álvarez, María ConcepciónThe Tgf-β3 null mutant mouse palate presents several cellular anomalies that lead to the appearance of cleft palate. One of them concerns the cell proliferation of both the palatal medial edge epithelium and mesenchyme. In this work, our aim was to determine whether there was any variation in the presence/distribution of several cell proliferation-related molecules that could be responsible for the cell proliferation defects observed in these palates. Our results showed no difference in the presence of EGF-R, PDGF-A, TGF-β2, Bmp-2, and Bmp-4, and differences were minimal for FGF-10 and Shh. However, the expression of EGF and Msx-1 changed substantially. The shift of the EGF protein expression was the one that most correlated with that of cell proliferation. This molecule is regulated by TGF-β3, and experiments blocking its activity in culture suggest that EGF misexpression in the Tgf-β3 null mutant mouse palate plays a role in the cell proliferation defect observed.Item Craniofacial structure alterations of foetuses from folic acid deficient pregnant mice(Annals of Anatomy, 2018) López, Yamila; Martínez-Sanz, Eelena; Maldonado Bautista, Estela; Herrera Lara, Manuel Eugenio; Martínez Álvarez, María Concepción; Pérez De Miguelsanz, María JulianaIntroduction: Craniofacial development in mammals is a complex process that involves a coordinated series of molecular and morphogenetic events. Folic acid (FA) deficiency has historically been associated with congenital spinal cord malformations, but the effect that a maternal diet deficient in FA has on the development of other structures has been poorly explored. In the present study, the objective was to describe and quantify the alterations of craniofacial structures presented in mouse foetuses from dams fed a FA deficient (FAD) diet compared with controls that were given a regular maternal diet. Material and methods: E17 mouse foetuses were removed from dams that were fed with a control diet or with a FAD diet for several weeks. Foetuses with maternal FAD diets were selected for the study when they showed an altered tongue or mandible. Histological sections were used to quantify the dimensions of the head, tongue, mandibular bone and masseter muscle areas using ImageJ software. The muscles of the tongue, suprahyoid muscles, lingual septum, submandibular ducts, and lingual arteries were also analysed. Results: The heads of malformed foetuses were smaller than the heads of the controls, and they showed different types of malformations: microglossia with micrognathia (some of which were combined with cleft palate) and aglossia with either micrognathia or agnathia. Lingual and suprahyoid muscles were affected in different forms and degrees. We also found alterations in the lingual arteries and in the ducts of the submandibular glands. Summarised we can state that pharyngeal arches-derived structures were affected, and the main malformations observed corroborate the vulnerability of cranial neural crest cells to FA deficiency. Conclusion: The present study reveals alterations in the development of craniofacial structures in FAD foetuses. This study provides a new focus for the role of FA during embryological development.Item Development of the Interosseous Muscles of the Human Hand: Morphological and Functional Aspects of the Terminal Insertion(Cells, tissues, organs, 2024) Maldonado Bautista, Estela; Martínez Sanz, Elena; Catón Vázquez, Francisco Javier; Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Barrio Asensio, María Del Carmen; Naredo, Esperanza; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Mérida Velasco, José RamónIntroduction: To date, there have been no studies conducted on the development of interosseous muscles (IO) in the human hand. This study aimed to investigate the development of these muscles in order to clarify their terminal insertions and their relationship with the metacarpophalangeal joints. Methods: Serial sections of 25 human specimens (9 embryos and 16 fetuses) between the 7th and 14th week of development, sourced from the Collection of the Department of Anatomy and Embryology at UCM Faculty of Medicine, were analysed bilaterally using a conventional optical microscope. Results: Our findings revealed that, during the 7th week of development, the metacarpophalangeal interzone mesenchyme extended into the extensor apparatus of the fingers. Furthermore, we observed that the joint capsule and the tendon of the IO derive from the articular interzone mesenchyme. By the end of the 7th week, corresponding to Carnegie stage 21, the myotendinous junction appeared, initiating cavitation of the metacarpophalangeal joint. During the fetal period, the terminal insertions of the IO were identified: both the dorsal interosseous (DI) and palmar interosseous (PI) muscles insert into the metacarpophalangeal joint capsule and establish a connection with the volar plate located at the base of the proximal phalanx and the extensor apparatus. Some muscle fibres also attach to the joint capsule at the level of the proximal synovial cul-de-sac. The functional implications of these findings are discussed within this work. Conclusion: This study provides the first detailed description of the development of the interosseous muscles in the human hand.Item Frequency of gastroschisis and omphalocele and possible influence of maternal folic acid supplementation. A narrative review(Congenital anomalies, 2024) González Ramos, Laura; Martínez Sanz, Elena; García Serradilla, Moisés; García de Pereda, Miquel; Maldonado Bautista, EstelaThere is an increase in the worldwide prevalence of congenital abdominal wall defects (CAWD), with gastroschisis (GS) and omphalocele (OC) being the most common. It is widely accepted that folic acid supplementation (FAS) in the maternal diet decreases the incidence of anomalies such as neural tube defects, but there is controversy regarding the possible beneficial role for other congenital malformations. Several epidemiological studies raise controversy regarding a possible relationship between vitamin supplementation with the occurrence of abdominal wall malformations. The aim of the present study is to obtain an updated review of the global frequency of CAWD in neonates and the relationship with FAS in the mothers. For this we have carried out a systematic search of epidemiological studies in different article databases between 2011 and 2022. The analysis of 25 studies conducted in different countries where cases of OC and/or GS are registered directly or together with other congenital defects shows that 60% inquire into the relationship of FAS with the incidence of CAWD. Half of them proposes a beneficial effect of FAS and the other half find no association, concluding that there is no unanimous evidence that FAS in the maternal diet decreases the incidence of CAWD. However, it seems that an influential factor to take into account is the nutritional habits of the mothers.