Person:
Torrado Durán, Santiago

First Name

Santiago

Last Name

Torrado Durán

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Farmacia

Department

Farmacia Galénica y Tecnología Alimentaria

Area

Farmacia y Tecnología Farmaceútica

Identifiers

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 13

Efficacy and toxicity evaluation of new amphotericin B micelle systems for brain fungal infections.
(Elsevier, 2015-08-06) Moreno Rodríguez, Ana Cristina; Torrado Durán, Susana; Molero, Gloria; García Rodríguez, Juan José; Torrado Durán, Santiago
The aim of this work is to study the micelle systems of amphotericin B (AmB) and surfactant sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) as possible formulations to treat brain fungal infections. Fungizone(®) and Ambisome(®) were used as AmB references. The particle size, aggregation state, toxicity and efficacy of AmB:NaDC micelles were studied with increasing proportions of NaDC. Differences in the size and aggregation state of the reference formulations and micellar NaDC formulations might explain the differences in their distribution and therefore in their toxicity and efficacy. AmB:NaDC 1:0.8 and 1:1.5 nano-sized micelle systems showed a poly-aggregated form of AmB and small mean particle size (450-750 nm). The AmB:NaDC 1:0.8 and AmB:NaDC 1:1.5 micelle systems studied showed an 8-fold lower toxicity than Fungizone(®). Efficacy was examined in a murine candidiasis model by determining the survival rate and tissue burden reduction in kidneys and brain. The AmB:NaDC 1:1.5 micellar system at 5mg/kg of AmB and the highest amount of NaDC (7.5 mg/kg) presented a good survival rate, and induced a major clearance of brain infection. The new AmB:NaDC 1:1.5 nano-sized micelle system is a promising formulation with a good efficacy/toxicity ratio, which can be attributed to its particle size, AmB aggregation state and NaDC content.
Solid dispersions of atorvastatin with Kolliphor RH40: enhanced supersaturation and improvement in a hyperlipidemic rat model
(Elsevier, 2023-01-25) Torrado Salmerón, Carlos Félix; Guarnizo Herrero, Victor; Torrado Durán, Guillermo; Peña Fernandez, M. Ángeles; Torrado Durán, Santiago; Torre Iglesias, Paloma
Atorvastatin is a potent lipid-lowering drug with poor solubility and high presystemic clearance that limits its therapeutic efficacy. The aim of this study was to develop solid dispersions and micellar systems to obtain fastdissolving atorvastatin systems that enhances their anti hyperlipidemic effect. Solubility and wettability studies allow the development of solid dispersions with low proportions of croscarmellose sodium as hydrophilic carrier. Solid state characterization studies indicated that the addition of Kolliphor® RH40 surfactant to solid dispersions increases intermolecular hydrogen bonding between drug and polymer chains. Dissolution studies in biorelevant Fasted State Simulate Intestinal Fluid (FaSSIF pH 6.5) medium showed for atorvastatin solid dispersion a supersaturation peak of atorvastatin followed by an aggregation/precipitation process. Only the presence of a surfactant such as Kolliphor® RH40 in atorvastatin micellar system, promotes the presence of micelles that achieve delayed recrystallization. Efficacy studies were carried out using a hyperlipidemic model of rats fed with a high- fat diet. The atorvastatin micellar system at doses of 10 mg/kg, revealed a significant improvement in serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and triglycerides compared to atorvastatin raw material. This micellar system also exhibited more beneficial effects on liver steatosis, inflammation and ballooning injury.
Improvement in the Oral Bioavailability and Efficacy of New Ezetimibe Formulations—Comparative Study of a Solid Dispersion and Different Micellar Systems
(MDPI, 2020-07-02) Torrado Salmerón, Carlos Félix; Guarnizo Herrero, Victor; Gallego Arranz, Teresa; Val Sabugo, Yvonne del; Torrado, Guillermo; Morales, Javier; Torrado Durán, Santiago
Ezetimibe (EZ) is a poorly water-soluble drug with low bioavailability. Strategies such as solid dispersions (SD) and micellar systems (MS) were developed to identify the most effective drug delivery formulations with the highest oral bioavailability, and to improve their lipid-lowering effect. The EZ formulations were prepared with different proportions of Kolliphor® RH40 as a surfactant (1:0.25, 1:0.5 and 1:0.75) and croscarmellose as a hydrophilic carrier. These excipients, and the addition of microcrystalline cellulose during the production process, led to significant improvements in the dissolution profiles of MS. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed an amorphous form of ezetimibe with different semicrystalline states of microcrystalline cellulose for MS-I (1:0.75) and MS-II (1:0.75). Pharmacokinetic analysis after administration of MS-II (1:0.75) demonstrated a 173.86% increase in maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) and a 142.99% increase in oral bioavailability compared to EZ raw material (EZ-RM). Efficacy studies with the micellar system MS-II (1:0.75) in rats with hyperlipidemia showed that total cholesterol, triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein were reduced to normal levels and revealed improvements in low-density lipoprotein, aspartate and alanine aminotransferase. The improvement in the dissolution rate with micellar systems increases bioavailability and enhances the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of EZ.
Creación de nuevo recurso educativo virtual para estudiantes de grado en Farmacia
(2020-07-07) Torrado Durán, Susana; Ballesteros Papantonakis, María de la Paloma; Torrado Durán, Juan José; Torre Iglesias, Paloma Marina de la; Torrado Durán, Santiago; Álvarez Álvarez, Covadonga; Martínez Caballero, María Aranzazu; Martínez Caballero, Marta; Torrado Durán, Guillermo; Serrano López, Dolores Remedios; Ares Lombán, Irma; Torrado Salmerón, Carlos Felix; Rodríguez Torrado, Marta; Fernández Gutiérrez, Jesús Miguel; Rodríguez Torrado, David; Notivoli Díez, Pablo; Franco Gil, María Elvira
Creación de nuevos recursos educativos virtuales para estudiantes de grado en Farmacia
(2022) Torrado Durán, Susana; Ballesteros Papantonakis, Paloma; Torrado Durán, Juan José; Álvarez Álvarez, Covadonga; Torrado Durán, Santiago; Martínez Caballero, Marta; Torrado Durán, Guillermo; Martínez Caballero, María Aranzazu; Franco Gil, Elvira; Sastre Barbas, Almudena; Rodríguez Torrado, Marta; Torrado Salmerón, Carlos Félix; De la Torre Iglesias, Paloma; Rodríguez Torrado, David; Ares Lombán, Irma; Fernández Gutierrez, Jesús Miguel
Creación de un nuevo recurso educativo virtual para estudiantes de grado en Farmacia
(2019-06-17) Torrado Durán, Susana; Torrado Durán, Santiago; Torre Iglesias, Paloma Marina de la; Torrado Durán, Juan José; Ballesteros Papantonakis, Paloma; Serrano López, Dolores Remedios; Andrés Yagüe, Ana María; Alvarez Álvarez, Covadonga; Franco Gil, María Elvira; Martinez Caballero, María Aranzazu; Martínez Caballero, Marta; Ares Lombán, Irma; Rodríguez Torrado, Marta; Torrado Salmerón, Carlos Félix; Rodríguez Torrado, David; Fernández Gutierrez, Jesús Miguel; García Herrero, Victor; Torrado Durán, Guillermo
Creación de un nuevo recurso educativo virtual para estudiantes de grado en Farmacia sobre la serialización de los medicamentos y los procesos de mezclado.
Nueva estrategia didáctica para fomentar la participación del alumnado en el proceso de aprendizaje en el ámbito de la tecnología farmacéutica (continuación)
(2017-06-30) Torrado Durán, Susana; Torre Iglesias, Paloma; Torrado Durán, Juan José; Torrado Durán, Santiago; Ballesteros Papantonakis, Paloma; Álvarez Álvarez, Covadonga; Franco Gil, Elvira; Torrado Durán, Guillermo; Serrano López, Dolores Remedios; Martin Erdocia, Izaskun; Ares Lombán, Irma; Martínez Caballero, María Aranzazu; Martínez Caballero, Marta; López Sánchez, Alicia
Self-Micellizing Technology Improves the Properties of Ezetimibe and Increases Its Effect on Hyperlipidemic Rats
(MDPI, 2019-12-03) Torrado Salmerón, Carlos Félix; Guarnizo Herrero, Victor; Cerezo-Garreta, Javier; Torrado Durán, Guillermo; Torrado Durán, Santiago
The aim of this work was to develop ezetimibe self-micellizing solid dispersions using Kolliphor® RH40 (MS-K) as a surfactant incorporating ezetimibe (EZ) into the croscarmellose hydrophilic carrier. Different ezetimibe:Kolliphor® ratios were studied to select micellar systems that improve the dissolution properties of ezetimibe. The different formulations were characterized by means of solid state analysis by SEM, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and dissolution studies. These physicochemical studies showed a decrease from the crystalline structure of ezetimibe (EZ) to its amorphous state in the micellar systems (MS-K). A rapid dissolution profile was observed in these micellar systems compared to the drug raw material and physical mixture. Efficacy studies were conducted using a high-fat diet that induced hyperlipidemic rats. The micellar system selected (MS-K 1:0.75) revealed a significant improvement in serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) compared to ezetimibe raw material. The histopathological examination of liver tissue also showed that this micellar system exhibited more beneficial effects on liver steatosis compared to ezetimibe raw material (EZ-RM) and the high-fat diet group (HFD). This study suggests that EZ micellar systems using Kolliphor® RH40 could enhance the antihyperlipidemic effect of ezetimibe and reduce liver steatosis.
Creación de un nuevo recurso educativo virtual para estudiantes de grado en Farmacia
(2018-06-28) Torrado Durán, Susana; Torrado Durán, Santiago; Ballesteros Papantonakis, Paloma; Franco Gil, Elvira; Torrado Durán, Juan José; Álvarez Álvarez, Covadonga; Torre Iglesias, Paloma; Serrano López, Dolores Remedios; Ares Lombán, Irma; Martínez Caballero, María Aranzazu; Martínez Caballero, Marta; Andrés Yagüe, Ana María; Rodríguez Torrado, Marta; García Herrero, Victor; Torrado Salmerón, Carlos; López Sánchez, Alicia; Fernández Gutierrez, Jesús Miguel; Torrado Durán, Guillermo
Multiparticulate Systems of Ezetimibe Micellar System and Atorvastatin Solid Dispersion Efficacy of Low-Dose Ezetimibe/Atorvastatin on High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Hepatic Steatosis in Diabetic Rats
(MDPI, 2021-03-20) Torrado Salmerón, Carlos Félix; Guarnizo Herrero, Victor; Henriques, Joana; Seiça, Raquel; Sena, Cristina M.; Torrado Durán, Santiago
The aim of this study was to develop multiparticulate systems with a combination of ezetimibe micellar systems and atorvastatin solid dispersions using croscarmellose as a hydrophilic vehicle and Kolliphor RH40 as a surfactant. The presence of a surfactant with low hydrophilic polymer ratios produces the rapid dissolution of ezetimibe through a drug–polymer interaction that reduces its crystallinity. The solid dispersion of atorvastatin with low proportions of croscarmellose showed drug–polymer interactions sufficient to produce the fast dissolution of atorvastatin. Efficacy studies were performed in diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats with induced hyperlipidemia. The administration of multiparticulate systems of ezetimibe and atorvastatin at low (2 and 6.7 mg/kg) and high (3 and 10 mg/kg) doses showed similar improvements in levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, lipoproteins, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase compared to the high-fat diet group. Multiparticulate systems at low doses (2 and 6.7 mg/kg of ezetimibe and atorvastatin) had a similar improvement in hepatic steatosis compared to the administration of ezetimibe and atorvastatin raw materials at high doses (3 and 10 mg/kg). These results confirm the effectiveness of solid dispersions with low doses of ezetimibe and atorvastatin to reduce high lipid levels and hepatic steatosis in diabetic rats fed a high-fat diet.