Person: Peral Cerda, María Asunción
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First Name
María Asunción
Last Name
Peral Cerda
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Óptica y Optometría
Department
Optometría y Visión
Area
Optica
Identifiers
13 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 13
Item Importance of Lid Hygiene Before Ocular Surgery: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Eyelid and Conjunctiva Microbiota(Eye & Contact Lens: Science & Clinical Practice, 2016) Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Alonso Fernández, José; García García, María De La Concepción; Niño Rueda, Cristina; Calvo del Bosque, PatriciaObjective: To evaluate the efficacy of a cleansing eyelid wipe in reducing the microbiota present on the ocular surface before cataract surgery. Methods: A single-center, prospective, single-blind phase IV study was conducted at the University Complutense of Madrid. Forty-five adult patients who were scheduled for ocular surgery after treatment with commercially available eyelid wipes were consecutively enrolled. The study lasted 5 days and the patients were examined at day 0 (D0), day 3 (D3), and day 5 (D5). They received instructions to apply the eyelid wipe only to the eye subject to surgery, using the other eye as a control with no treatment. Lid and conjunctival swabs were taken on each day and microbes identified. Ocular surface microbiota was estimated by measuring the area of the agar plate occupied by the grown colonies with respect to the total available area. Results: Measurements at D3 and D5 showed a percent reduction of 58% and 63%, respectively, in the microbial load on the eyelid in the treated eyes (P=0.0011). There was also a reduction, although nonsignificant, in the microbiota of the conjunctiva of 72% and 69% on D3 and D5, respectively. Conclusions: The degree of microbiota reduction was comparable with that obtained after topical application of antibiotics in other studies. The results suggest the use of these eyelid wipes as a complementary prophylactic method before any ocular surgery.Item Effect of illuminating wavelength on the contrast of meibography images(OSA Continuum, 2018) Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Alonso Fernández, José; Gómez Pedrero, José AntonioEvaluation of the Meibomian glands morphology is becoming a popular assessment for dry eye. This evaluation is usually done by imaging the glands on the everted lids while they are illuminated with infrared light. Nowadays techniques to determine gland condition and dropout are based on grading scales with which meibography images are subjectively evaluated. In this work, we have measured the contrast of Meibomian gland images from ten subjects and for a range of wavelengths of the monochromatic illuminating light. We have used a xenon lamp and a monochromator as a light source, and a semi-automatic image processing technique for measuring the image contrast from 600 nm to 1050 nm. Contrast values inside glands are from 0.025 to 0.015 and between glands from 0.06 to 0.04. The greater values of contrast are obtained when Meibomian glands are illuminated with a wavelength close to 600 nm.Item Improving ocular surface comfort in contact lens wearers(Contact Lens and Anterior Eye, 2021) Fernández Jiménez, Elena; Diz Arias, Elena; Peral Cerda, María AsunciónPurpose Contact lens discomfort (CLD) is a major concern that can lead to the decreased or abandoned use of contact lenses. Contact lens users with dry eye disease are more likely to present with CLD. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a bioprotective preservative free, hypotonic, 0.15% hyaluronic acid (HA)-3% Trehalose artificial tear in managing dry eye symptoms in contact lens wearers. Methods A prospective, single-arm, observational pilot study to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with HA-Trehalose artificial tears in contact lens wearers (N = 33) aged 18–45 years with symptoms of ocular discomfort. Participants used a preservative-free, hypotonic HA-Trehalose artificial tear (1 drop/4 times per day) for 84 days. Participants were assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for dry eye symptoms (pain, photophobia, dry eye sensation, blurry vision, foreign body sensation, itching, tingling/burning, and sticky eye feeling), Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Contact Lens Dry Eye questionnaire (CLDEQ-8), Berkley Dry Eye Flow-Chart (DEFC) on Day 0 and Day 84 and tear break-up time (TBUT), ocular surface staining with fluorescein and lissamine green, tear meniscus evaluation, and visual acuity on Day 0, 35, and 84. Results All VAS symptoms (except tingling/burning and sticky eye feeling), OSDI, CLEDQ-8, and DEFC showed statistically significant (p < 0.05) improvement from baseline (Day 0) to Day 84. Similarly, corneal (fluorescein) and conjunctival (lissamine green) quality improved during the study (p < 0.05 at Day 84 versus baseline). Tear break-up time (TBUT), conjunctival (lissamine green) staining, and tear meniscus decreased but the changes were not statistically significant. Visual acuity did not change during the study. There were no ocular or systemic adverse events. Conclusions This study showed that the instillation of a preservative-free, hypotonic, HA-Trehalose artificial tear in contact lenses wearers with dry eye syndrome significantly improved symptoms and reduced associated signs such as corneal and conjunctival staining.Item Variation of Meibomian glands contrats throughout the day(2024) Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Fernandez Jimenez Elena; Diz Arias, Elena; Gómez Pedrero, José Antonio; Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Gómez Pedrero, José Antonio; Peral APurpose: To evaluate Meibomian glands (MG), specialized imaging techniques are used. The most commonly used technique for the observation of MG is non-contact meibography with infrared light. This technique allows to see specific details of the MG, provides quantitative measurements, in addition to structural appearance, shortening, distortions or atrophy. [1] Recent studies have shown that the analysis of MG contrasts can represent an advance in the diagnosis of related pathologies to MG, such as Meibomian gland dysfunction and Blepharitis. [2] The present study wants to observe the contrast variation throughout the day in the spaces between two adjacent MG, interglandular contrasts (CINTER) and within the same gland, intraglandular contrasts (CIN). The main objective of this study is to observe the variation of MG contrasts throughout the day and analyze its possible correlation with alterations related to these glands. Methods: A prospective, descriptive, pilot study was carried out on 8 participants, including controls, MG pathology participants, and contact lens users. A set of tests were performed, including symptomatology tests, clinical tests to recognize the ocular surface and an assessment of the MG. Images of the MG were taken throughout the day, with the Oculus Keratograph 5MTM. Meibography images were captured from 8 am to 8 pm in two hours slots. The eyelids were everted and the images were always captured by the same clinical examiner. The meibography images have been processed with the Matlab® program to analyze the CINTER and CIN contrast. [3] Results: Preliminary results show that there is an oscillatory and fluctuating trend in glandular contrasts throughout the day, following different patterns in each subject. Conclusions: As has been previously studied, MG contrasts are postulated as a possible biomarker of MG alterations. The study of the behavior of these contrasts throughout the day and in different groups of subjects may lead to advances in the diagnosis of MG alterations or pathologies such as Meibomian gland dysfunction or Blepharitis, and could also provide further insight on the meibum production cycle and MG physiology.Item Silencing of P2Y2 receptors reduces intraocular pressure in New Zealand rabbits(British Journal of Pharmacology, 2012) María Jesús Perez de Lara; Concepción Santano; Martín Gil, Alba; Crooke Álvarez, Almudena; Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Pintor Just, Jesús JerónimoBACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: P2 receptors are involved in the regulation of ocular physiological processes like intraocular pressure (IOP). In the present study, the involvement of P2Y2 receptors in the hypertensive effect of nucleotides was investigated by use of antagonists and of a siRNA designed for the P2Y2 receptor. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Agonists of the P2Y2 receptor a as well as P2 antagonists were applied to eyes of New Zealand rabbits, and the changes in IOP were followed for up to 6 h. Cloning of the P2Y2 receptor cDNA was done using a combination of degenerate reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). siRNA was synthesized and tested by immunohistochemistry. KEY RESULTS: Single doses of 2-thioUTP, UTP-γ-S and UTP increased IOP. This behaviour was concentration-dependent and partially antagonized by reactive blue 2. Silencing the P2Y2 receptor was observed in the ciliary body by immunohistochemistry labelling, where a reduction in the immunofluorescence was observed. This reduction in the expression of the P2Y2 receptor was concomitant with a reduction in IOP, which was measurable 24 h after treatment with the siRNA, maximal after 2 days, followed by a slow increase towards control values for the following 5 days. Application of the P2Y2 agonists after pretreatment of the animals with this siRNA did not produce any change in IOP. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: P2Y2 receptors increase IOP in New Zealand rabbits. The application of a siRNA for this receptor significantly reduced IOP, suggesting that this technology might be used for the treatment of glaucoma.Item Therapeutic Targets in Dry Eye Syndrome(Drug News Perspect, 2008) Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Domínguez Godínez, Carmen Olalla; Carracedo Rodríguez, Juan Gonzalo; Pintor Just, Jesús Jerónimo; Prous ScienceDry eye is a multifactorial disease of the tears and the ocular surface that manifests with a wide variety of signs and symptoms. It is prevalent in about 33% of the population worldwide. Due to the importance of the pathology, new tests, drugs and technologies have been developed to assist the diagnosis, management and follow-up of the disease. Current available therapies try to alleviate symptoms and to reduce signs in order to restore the ocular surface. Depending on the etiology of the pathology it is possible to use lubricants, secretagogues, biological tear substitutes or antiinflammatory drugs, either independently or combined. Nowadays, the therapies under clinical trial are devoted to stimulating tear components (e.g., diquafosol, a P2Y receptor agonist), or mucin secretion (e.g., rebamipide, an amino acid analogue of quinolinone). Others include gefarnate, a water-insoluble terpene fatty acid that contributes to restoring mucins on the ocular surface, or cevimeline, an oral cholinergic agonist that reduces the symptoms associated with dry eye. Other potential compounds described in patents are in a lower phase of drug development. These compounds come from different families of therapies, and among others, can be found in the form of steroidal and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents, vitamins A and D, neurotransmitters and neuropeptides.Item Diadenosine polyphosphates in the tears of aniridia patients(Acta Ophthalmologica, 2015) Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Carracedo Rodríguez, Juan Gonzalo; Pintor Just, Jesús JerónimoPurpose: To quantify diadenosine polyphosphate levels in tears of congenital aniridia patients to estimate the ocular surface changes associated with congenital aniridia compared to normal individuals. Methods: Fifteen patients diagnosed with congenital aniridia and a control group of forty volunteers were studied. Tears were collected to quantify the levels of diadenosine polyphosphates Ap4A and Ap5A by high-performance liquid chromatography (H.P.L.C). Break-up time (BUT), corneal staining, McMon- nies questionnaire and the Schirmer I test were applied to both groups. Results: Dinucleotides in congenital aniridia patients were higher than in control subjects. For the congenital aniridia group, under 15 years old, the values were 0.77 0.01 lM and 0.17 0.02 lM for Ap4A and Ap5A, respectively. The group aged from 15 to 40 years old provided concentrations of 4.37 0.97 lM and 0.46 0.05 lM for Ap4A and Ap5A, the group over 40 gave concentrations of 11.17 5.53 lM and 0.68 0.17 lM for Ap4A and Ap5A. Dinucleotide concentrations increased with age, being statistically significant different among the three age groups (p < 0.05). Congenital aniridia patients showed a normal tear secretion and no dry eye McMonnies scores, except for the group over 40 years old. BUT values decreased and corneal staining increased with age and correlated with the levels of diadenosine polyphosphates (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The levels of dinucleotides in tears increase in aniridia patients compared with healthy subjects, and they seem to be related with the progression of corneal disorders in aniridia patients, both of which increase with ageing.Item Effect of Melatonin and Analogues on Corneal Wound Healing: Involvement of Mt2 Melatonin Receptor(Current Eye Research, 2015) Crooke Álvarez, Almudena; Guzmán Aránguez, Ana Isabel; Mediero Muñoz, Aránzazu; Alarma Estrany, Pilar; Carracedo Rodríguez, Juan Gonzalo; Peláez García, María Teresa; Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Pintor Just, Jesús JerónimoPurpose: We have investigated the effect of melatonin and its analogues on rabbit corneal epithelial wound healing. Methods: New Zealand rabbits were anaesthetised and wounds were made by placing Whatman paper discs soaked in n-heptanol on the cornea. Melatonin and analogues (all 10 nmol) were instilled. Wound diameter was measured every 2 hours by means of fluorescein application with a Topcon SL-8Z slit lamp. Melatonin antagonists (all 10 nmol) were applied 2 hours before the application of the n-heptanol-soaked disc and then every 6 hours together with melatonin. To confirm the presence of MT2 receptors in corneal epithelial cells immunohistochemistry, Western blot and RT-PCR assays in native tissue and in rabbit corneal epithelial cells were performed. The tear components were extracted then processed by HPLC to quantify melatonin in tears. Results: Migration assays revealed that melatonin and particularly the treatment with the MT2 agonist IIK7, accelerated the rate of healing (p < 0.001). The application of the non-selective melatonin receptor antagonist luzindole and the MT2 antagonist DH97 (but not prazosin), prevented the effect of melatonin on wound healing (both p < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and RT-PCR assays showed the presence of MT2 melatonin receptor in corneal epithelial cells. In addition, we have identified melatonin in tears and determined its daily variations. Conclusions: These data suggest that MT2 receptors are implicated in the effect of melatonin on corneal wound healing regulating migration rate. This suggests the potential use of melatonin and its analogues to enhance epithelial wound healing in ocular surface disease.Item PhDAY 2020 -FOO (Facultad de Óptica y Optometría)(2020) Pintor Just, Jesús Jerónimo; Carpena Torres, Carlos; Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Pérez de Lara, María Jesús; Toral, Fernando; Crooke Álvarez, Almudena; Pastrana Robles, Cristina; Carracedo Rodríguez, Juan Gonzalo; Cayuela López, Ana; Sorzano Sánchez, Óscar; Charbel, Carla; Garzón Jiménez, Nuria; Carballo Álvarez, Jesús; Diz Arias, Elena; Fernández Jiménez, Elena; Lledó Mayans, Victoria Eugenia; Gómez Pedrero, José Antonio; Durán Prieto, Elena; López Alonso, José Manuel; Fernández Torres, Miguel Ángel; Guzmán Aránguez, Ana Isabel; Gómez Manzanares, Ángela; Vázquez Molini, Daniel; Martínez Antón, Juan Carlos; Bernárdez Vilaboa, Ricardo; Mayorga Pinilla, Santiago; Álvarez Fernández-Balbuena, Antonio; Benítez, AntoJ.; Igalla El-Youssfi, Asmae; León Álvarez, Alejandro; Palomo Álvarez, Catalina; LLedó Mayans, Victoria Eugenia; Awad Alkozi, Hanan; Sánchez Naves, Juan; Martínez Alberquilla, Irene; García Montero, María; Ruiz Alcocer, Javier; Madrid Costa, David; Martínez Florentín, Gema; Papas, Eric B.; Medrano Muñoz, Sandra Milena; Molina, Nancy; Jurado, Sandra; Oliveiros López, Juan; Platero Alvarado, Nadiuska Cristine; Garrido Mercado, Rafaela; Pérez Garmendia, Carlos; Antona Peñalba, Beatriz; Barrio De Santos, Ana Rosa; González Pérez, Mariano; Pérez Garmendia, Carlos; Serramito Blanco, María; Privado Aroco, Ana; Almalki, Wael; Bodas Romero, Julia; Ouzzani, Mohamed; Paune, Jaume; Calderón García, Raquel; Pitarch Velasco, Aída; Cebrián, José Luis; Sánchez Pérez, María Isabel; García Rojo, Marta María; Bonnin Arias, Cristina Natalia; Sánchez Ramos, Celia; Gutiérrez Jorrín, Sara Carmen; Rodríguez Alonso, Xabier; Laucirica Sáenz, Gorka; Arranz Márquez, Esther; Alonso Castellanos, Miriam; Teus Guezala, Miguel Ángel; Hernández Verdejo, José Luis; Mármol Errasti, Esther; Martín García, Beatriz; Arriola Villalobos, Pedro; Gómez De Liaño Sánchez, María Rosario; Mínguez Caro, N; Orduña Azcona, Javier; Navarro Gil, Francisco Javier; Huete Toral, Fernando; Rodríguez Pomar, Candela; Martínez Águila, Alejandro; Martín Gil, Alba; Tomé de la Torre, Miguel ÁngelPor cuarto año consecutivo los doctorandos de la Facultad de Óptica y Optometría de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid cuentan con un congreso propio organizado por y para ellos, el 4º PhDAY- FOO. Se trata de un congreso gratuito abierto en la que estos jóvenes científicos podrán presentar sus investigaciones al resto de sus compañeros predoctorales y a toda la comunidad universitaria que quiera disfrutar de este evento. Apunta en tu agenda: el 15 de octubre de 2020. En esta ocasión será un Congreso On-line para evitar que la incertidumbre asociada a la pandemia Covid-19 pudiera condicionar su celebración.Item Melatonin Makes Me Feel Awake! Seven Years of Lab Experience (2000-2007)(Anales de la Real Academia Nacional de Farmacia, 2007) Pelaez, Teresa; Mediero Muñoz, Aránzazu; Alarma-Estrany, Pilar; Loma Lozano, Patricia; Guzmán Aránguez, Ana Isabel; Crooke Álvarez, Almudena; Colligris, Basilio; Peral Cerda, María Asunción; Pintor Just, Jesús JerónimoThe research on the effect of melatonin on intraocular pressure (IOP) is reviewed from the hystorical point of view of our laboratory. The original idea of melatonin modulating intraocular pressure has been improved by using selective compounds for MT2 and specially melatonin MT3 receptors. The selective compound 5-methoxyamino N-acetyltryptamine (5-MCA-NAT) has been an attractive compound due to its ability to reduce IOP about 40%, therefore being a good candidate to the treatment of the ocular hypertension linked to glaucoma. More compounds have been developed and tested permitting us to have a more accurate panorama of those receptors controlling the relevant process of intraocular pressure.