Person: De Frutos Lucas, Jaisalmer
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First Name
Jaisalmer
Last Name
De Frutos Lucas
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Psicología
Department
Psicología Experimental, Procesos Cognitivos y Logopedia
Area
Identifiers
5 results
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Item BDNF Val66Met polymorphism and gamma band disruption in resting state brain functional connectivity: A magnetoencephalography study in cognitively intact older females(Frontiers in Neuroscience, 2018) Rodríguez Rojo, Inmaculada Concepción; Cuesta Prieto, Pablo; López García, María Eugenia; De Frutos Lucas, Jaisalmer; Bruña Fernández, Ricardo; Pereda de Pablo, Ernesto; Barabash Bustelo, Ana; Montejo, Pedro; Montenegro Peña, María Mercedes; Marcos Dolado, Alberto; López-Higes, Ramón; Fernández Lucas, Alberto Amable; Maestu Unturbe, FernandoThe pathophysiological processes undermining brain functioning decades before the onset of the clinical symptoms associated with dementia are still not well understood. Several heritability studies have reported that the Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Val66Met genetic polymorphism could contribute to the acceleration of cognitive decline in aging. This mutation may affect brain functional connectivity (FC), especially in those who are carriers of the BDNF Met allele. The aim of this work was to explore the influence of the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in whole brain eyes-closed, resting-state magnetoencephalography (MEG) FC in a sample of 36 cognitively intact (CI) older females. All of them were ε3ε3 homozygotes for the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene and were divided into two subgroups according to the presence of the Met allele: Val/Met group (n = 16) and Val/Val group (n = 20). They did not differ in age, years of education, Mini-Mental State Examination scores, or normalized hippocampal volumes. Our results showed reduced antero-posterior gamma band FC within the Val/Met genetic risk group, which may be caused by a GABAergic network impairment. Despite the lack of cognitive decline, these results might suggest a selective brain network vulnerability due to the carriage of the BDNF Met allele, which is linked to a potential progression to dementia. This neurophysiological signature, as tracked with MEG FC, indicates that age-related brain functioning changes could be mediated by the influence of particular genetic risk factors.Item Enhancement of posterior brain functional networks in bilingual older adults(Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 2019) De Frutos Lucas, Jaisalmer; López Sanz, David; Cuesta Prieto, Pablo; Bruña Fernández, Ricardo; Fuente, Sofía de la; Serrano Martínez, Noelia; López García, María Eugenia; Delgado Losada, María Luisa; López Sánchez, Ramón; Marcos Dolado, Alberto; Maestu Unturbe, FernandoBilingualism has been said to improve cognition and even delay the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This research aimed to investigate whether bilingualism leaves a neurophysiological trace even when people are highly educated. We expected bilinguals to present better preserved brain functional networks, which could be a trace of higher cognitive reserve. With this purpose, we conducted a magnetoencephalographic study with a group of healthy older adults. We estimated functional connectivity using phase-locking value and found five clusters in parieto-occipital regions in which bilinguals exhibited greater functional connectivity than monolinguals. These clusters included brain regions typically implicated in language processing. Furthermore, these functional changes correlated with caudate volumes (a key region in language shifting and control) in the bilingual sample. Interestingly, decreased Functional Connectivity between posterior brain regions had already been identified as an indicator of aging/preclinical AD but, according to our study, bilingualism seems to exert the opposite effect.Item Efficacy of Cognitive Training in Older Adults with and without Subjective Cognitive Decline Is Associated with Inhibition Efficiency and Working Memory Span, Not with Cognitive Reserve(Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2018) López Sánchez, Ramón; Martín Aragoneses, María Teresa; Rubio Valdehita, Susana; Delgado Losada, María Luisa; Montejo, Pedro; Montenegro Peña, María Mercedes; Prados Atienza, José María; De Frutos Lucas, Jaisalmer; López Sanz, DavidThe present study explores the role of cognitive reserve, executive functions, and working memory (WM) span, as factors that might explain training outcomes in cognitive status. Eighty-one older adults voluntarily participated in the study, classified either as older adults with subjective cognitive decline or cognitively intact. Each participant underwent a neuropsychological assessment that was conducted both at baseline (entailing cognitive reserve, executive functions, WM span and depressive symptomatology measures, as well as the Mini-Mental State Exam regarding initial cognitive status), and then 6 months later, once each participant had completed the training program (Mini-Mental State Exam at the endpoint). With respect to cognitive status the training program was most beneficial for subjective cognitive decline participants with low efficiency in inhibition at baseline (explaining a 33% of Mini-Mental State Exam total variance), whereas for cognitively intact participants training gains were observed for those who presented lower WM span.Item Factors explaining language performance after training in elders with and without subjective cognitive decline(Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 2018) López Sánchez, Ramón; Prados Atienza, José María; Rubio Valdehita, Susana; Rodríguez Rojo, Inmaculada Concepción; De Frutos Lucas, Jaisalmer; Montenegro Peña, María Mercedes; Montejo, Pedro; Prada Crespo, David; Delgado Losada, María LuisaThe present study explores if cognitive reserve, executive functions, and working memory capacity are predictive of performance in the language domain (specifically in sentence comprehension and naming) after a cognitive training intervention. Sixty six Spanish older adults voluntarily participated in the study, classified either as older adults with subjective cognitive decline according to Jessen et al.’s (2014) criteria (n = 35; 70.94 +/- 4.16 years old) or cognitively intact (n = 31; 71.34 +/- 4.96 years old). Written sentence comprehension and visual confrontation naming were assessed both immediately after recruitment (at the baseline), and then 6 months later, once each participant had completed his/her cognitive training (a well-known program in Spain, called UMAM; English translation: Madrid City Council Memory Unit Program). Cognitive reserve, executive functions (cognitive flexibility and controlled interference efficiency), and working memory capacity were measured for all participants at the baseline. Results pointed out that the subjective cognitive decline group presented greater benefits in the language domain than cognitively intact participants. We also observed that lower executive functioning and working memory capacity at the baseline predicted larger benefits in language performance after training, but only in the group of cognitively intact older adults. However, selected predictors hardly explained subjective cognitive decline participants’ results in language performance after training.Item Physical activity effects on the individual alpha peak frequency of older adults with and without genetic risk factors for Alzheimer’s Disease: A MEG study(Clinical Neurophysiology, 2018) De Frutos Lucas, Jaisalmer; López Sanz, David; Zuluaga Arias, María Del Pilar; Rodríguez Rojo, Inmaculada Concepción; Cazorla Luna, Raúl; López García, María Eugenia; Delgado Losada, María Luisa; Marcos Dolado, Alberto; Barabash Bustelo, Ana; López Sánchez, Ramón; Maestu Unturbe, Fernando; Fernández Lucas, Alberto AmableObjective Since a cure for Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is yet to be discovered, attention has shifted towards prevention. Physical activity (PA) emerged as a notorious lifestyle factor that could influence brain structure and function. The individual alpha peak frequency (IAPF) is a measure that summarizes the spectral content of brain signals and has been proven to be sensitive to both AD pathology and PA interventions. Therefore, our goal was to unravel whether chronic PA modulates IAPF and if APOE ɛ4 carriage moderates this relationship. Methods We analyzed 4-minutes of resting-state magnetoencephalographic recordings from 100 healthy elders that provided self-reported measures of PA, and the IAPF was calculated. Results We found that IAPF was negatively influenced by age and APOE and positively influenced by PA. The effect of PA on IAPF only remained significant for the ɛ4 non-carriers group. Conclusions PA is positively associated to higher IAPF in healthy older adults and could potentially act as a protective factor against cognitive decline. Nevertheless, such effect is non-significant among elders who are more vulnerable to developing AD due to their genetic carriage. Significance This investigation offers the first neurophysiological evidences on the combined effects of APOE genotype and PA in healthy elders.