Efficacy of Cognitive Training in Older Adults with and without Subjective Cognitive Decline Is Associated with Inhibition Efficiency and Working Memory Span, Not with Cognitive Reserve

López Sánchez, Ramón; Martín Aragoneses, María Teresa; Rubio Valdehita, Susana; Delgado Losada, María Luisa; Montejo, Pedro; Montenegro Peña, María Mercedes; Prados Atienza, José María; De Frutos Lucas, Jaisalmer; López Sanz, David

Efficacy of Cognitive Training in Older Adults with and without Subjective Cognitive Decline Is Associated with Inhibition Efficiency and Working Memory Span, Not with Cognitive Reserve

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Official URL

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00023/full

Publication date

2018

Authors

López Sánchez, Ramón

Martín Aragoneses, María Teresa

Rubio Valdehita, Susana

Delgado Losada, María Luisa

Montejo, Pedro

Montenegro Peña, María Mercedes

Prados Atienza, José María

De Frutos Lucas, Jaisalmer

López Sanz, David

Publisher

Frontiers

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URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/102129

Abstract

The present study explores the role of cognitive reserve, executive functions, and working memory (WM) span, as factors that might explain training outcomes in cognitive status. Eighty-one older adults voluntarily participated in the study, classified either as older adults with subjective cognitive decline or cognitively intact. Each participant underwent a neuropsychological assessment that was conducted both at baseline (entailing cognitive reserve, executive functions, WM span and depressive symptomatology measures, as well as the Mini-Mental State Exam regarding initial cognitive status), and then 6 months later, once each participant had completed the training program (Mini-Mental State Exam at the endpoint). With respect to cognitive status the training program was most beneficial for subjective cognitive decline participants with low efficiency in inhibition at baseline (explaining a 33% of Mini-Mental State Exam total variance), whereas for cognitively intact participants training gains were observed for those who presented lower WM span.