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Item Biomolecular characterization of Trichomonas vaginalis from Spain: evaluating genetic correlation with drug resistance and endobionts.(Biology, 2025) Ibáñez Escribano, Alexandra; Nogal Ruiz, Juan José; Escario García-Trevijano, José Antonio; Ponce Gordo, FranciscoTrichomonas vaginalis causes one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Despite extensive biomolecular research on this protozoan, no efficient molecular tool currently exists for the intraspecific classification of T. vaginalis isolates. In recent years, an incipient tendency has been observed to classify this parasite into two genotypes that correlate in a high percentage with phenotypic characteristics (such as metronidazole resistance and viral endobionts). However, this grouping method has not yet been consolidated by the scientific community. In this sense, Mycoplasma hominis has also been identified as an endobiont of T. vaginalis, but no previous studies on its presence and possible correlation with the two T. vaginalis populations detected have been executed. In the present study, several new T. vaginalis isolates of Spanish origin have been characterized using two molecular markers (microsatellites and single-copy genes), the presence of T. vaginalis virus (TVV) and Mycoplasma, and the resistance to reference drugs. On the basis of our molecular results, the isolates were classified into two groups, as proposed by other researchers. In relation to the biological determinations, the two isolates harboring Mycoplasma were sensible to the reference drugs and were included in the same genotypic group. Although the presence of TVV was more notable in one group than in the other, both groups had TTV+ and TVV− isolates. These findings indicate that genetic grouping does not strongly correlate with susceptibility to reference drugs or endobiont presence, suggesting the need for further research into alternative classification models.Item El cambio de paradigma en la respuesta judicial a los conflictos parentales: el coordinador de parentalidad.(Actualidad Civil, 2021) Blanco Carrasco, MartaEn este artículo se analiza, en primer lugar, los principales cambios producidos en los últimos años en la respuesta judicial ante los conflictos que enfrentan a los progenitores en el ejercicio de sus funciones parentales, que presta ahora especial atención a la fase posterior a la sentencia y de forma específica a la difícil tarea de la supervisión de las medidas acordadas. En segundo lugar, centramos la atención en algunas de las herramientas con las que cuentan los juzgados para llevar a cabo esta labor, como la mediación y los puntos de encuentro familiar, y, sobre todo, en la reciente figura del coordinador de parentalidad. Este nuevo ADR se ha incorporado recientemente a nuestro ordenamiento jurídico de la mano de la jurisprudencia, no exenta de dificultades y controversia en torno a su figuraItem Situated and Critical Learning for Mediation and a Culture of Peace in Higher Education: An Innovative experience in the Cañada Real Galiana (Madrid, Spain)(Alternativas. Cuadernos de Trabajo Social, 2025) Corchado Castillo, Ana Isabel; Blanco Carrasco, Marta; Morales Cabrices, Aura M.Introduction. This article presents an innovative experience carried out by the Dispute Resolution Laboratory at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid (DRLab), aimed at promoting research based and situated learning in the field of community mediation and conflict management. The academic objectives were to introduce students to a pedagogical approach combining ResearchBased Learning (RBL), Situated Learning (SL), and reflective practice through Ken’s Book (BoK), enhancing critical thinking and autonomous learning. Additionally, the activity sought to introduce students to research processes in contexts of inequality and to assess their knowledge and reflection. Methodology. An interdisciplinary and international network of faculty, students, and professionals from the Asociación Barró designed and implemented a teaching strategy linking research and practice. The fieldwork was conducted in the Cañada Real Galiana, where students explored both the realities of families and the mediation practices used by the association. Experiential learning was promoted through the “Walking with (us)others”, a Jane’s Walk-inspired activity, and reflective writing through the BoK. Results. Students assumed the role of researchers during the preparatory phase in class and the subsequent implementation of the activity, applying analytical categories agreed to while enriching their perspectives through direct experience. The association’s mediation model was identified as a key reference point for professional practice. BoK entries reflected deep levels of critical thinking, aligned with Swartz’s (2004) five forms: complexity, flexibility, multiple perspectives, self-reflection, and insightfulness. Discussion. The study demonstrates how combining RBL and SL fosters student engagement through inquiry, social immersion, and interaction with real conflicts. Skills such as problem-solving, data analysis, and communication were strengthened. BoK proved to be a valuable tool for connecting personal insights with academic and professional development. Conclusions. This experience reflects a shift from traditional university teaching to socially embedded learning. It redefines the roles of educators, practitioners, and students, highlighting the importance of university–practice alliances in building critical competencies for community mediation and fostering a culture of peaceItem First Insights into the Biological Activity and Molecular Docking of Citral (3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-Octadienal) Against Trichomonas vaginalis.(Microbiology Research, 2025) Ibáñez Escribano, Alexandra; Mello, A.B.; Fenalti, J.M.; Baccega, B; Wahast Islabão, Y.; Martins, F. O.; Birmann, P. T.; Casaril, A. M.; Barbosa, T. N.; Sena-Lopes, A.; Monteiro, F. L.; Savegnago, L.; Borsuk, S.; Hubner, S. d. O.; Farias, N. d. A. d. R; Ibáñez-Escribano, Alexandra; Oliveira, C. B.The increasing resistance of Trichomonas vaginalis to the only approved chemical family of drugs for treatment, the 5-nitroimidazoles, has prompted the exploration of new therapeutic agents against this prevalent non-viral sexually transmitted infection. Natural products have emerged as a significant source of novel treatments for trichomoniasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-T. vaginalis activity of citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal), the main constituent of the essential oil of Cymbopogon species, commonly known as lemongrass. Our findings indicate that citral exhibits a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 100 μM, effectively inhibiting the growth of T. vaginalis trophozoites within 12 h of exposure, and a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of approximately 40 μM after 24 h. Furthermore, the evaluation of nitric oxide (NO) levels suggests that citral possesses antioxidant properties. Molecular docking studies reveal a weak interaction with three parasite proteins: thioredoxin reductase (TvTrxR), purine nucleoside phosphorylase (TvPNP), and methionine gamma lyase (TvMGL). The present study highlights the potential of citral as a candidate for the development of no-nitroimidazole drugs, offering new avenues for trichomoniasis treatment and underscoring the importance of further investigation into citral’s mechanism of action.Item A Mini-Review on Enhancing Solubility in Topical Hydrogel Formulations Using Solid Dispersion Technology for Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs(Colloids and Interfaces, 2025) Dahma, Zaid; Álvarez Álvarez, Covadonga; Torre Iglesias, Paloma Marina De LaThe solubility behavior of drugs is a critical factor in formulation development. Approximately 40–45% of new drugs face market entry challenges due to low water solubility. Enhancing drug bioavailability is thus essential in developing pharmaceutical dosage forms. Many biopharmaceutical class II and IV drugs are commonly prescribed to treat inflammations, infections, and pain from various pathologies. Their oral administration has several drawbacks, including significant first-pass liver effects, low bioavailability, and adverse gastrointestinal effects. Topical application has gained relevance due to its advantages in delivering drugs directly to the target site, avoiding gastrointestinal irritation, and increasing their effectiveness. However, topical hydrogel formulations with poorly water-soluble drugs face challenges related to the skin’s permeability. Therefore, preparing topical hydrogels using solid dispersions (SDs) is an effective strategy to enhance the dissolution rate of poorly soluble drugs, thereby improving their topical bioavailability. In this review, the concepts of SDs, topical delivery systems, and topical hydrogel formulations incorporating SDs, as well as their preparation methods, characterization, and applications, will be discussed.Item Functional trait trade-offs define plant population stability across different biomes(Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 2023) Conti, Luisa; Valencia Gómez, Enrique; Galland, Thomas; Götzenberger, Lars; Lepš, Jan; E-Vojtkó, Anna; Carmona, Carlos P.; Májeková, Maria; Danihelka, Jiří; Dengler, Jürgen; Eldridge, David J.; Estiarte, Marc; García González, Ricardo; Garnier, Eric; Gómez, Daniel; Hadincová, Věra; Harrison, Susan P.; Herben, Tomáš; Ibáñez, Ricardo; Jentsch, Anke; Juergens, Norbert; Kertész, Miklós; Klumpp, Katja; Krahulec, František; Louault, Frédérique; Marrs, Rob H.; Ónodi, Gábor; Pakeman, Robin J.; Pärtel, Meelis; Peco, Begoña; Peñuelas, Josep; Rueda, Marta; Schmidt, Wolfgang; Schmiedel, Ute; Schuetz, Martin; Skalova, Hana; Šmilauer, Petr; Šmilauerová, Marie; Smit, Christian; Song, MingHua; Stock, Martin; Val, James; Vandvik, Vigdis; Ward, David; Wesche, Karsten; Wiser, Susan K.; Woodcock, Ben A.; Young, Truman P.; Yu, Fei-Hai; Zobel, Martin; de Bello, FrancescoEcological theory posits that temporal stability patterns in plant populations are associated with differences in species' ecological strategies. However, empirical evidence is lacking about which traits, or trade-offs, underlie species stability, especially across different biomes. We compiled a worldwide collection of long-term permanent vegetation records (greater than 7000 plots from 78 datasets) from a large range of habitats which we combined with existing trait databases. We tested whether the observed inter-annual variability in species abundance (coefficient of variation) was related to multiple individual traits. We found that populations with greater leaf dry matter content and seed mass were more stable over time. Despite the variability explained by these traits being low, their effect was consistent across different datasets. Other traits played a significant, albeit weaker, role in species stability, and the inclusion of multi-variate axes or phylogeny did not substantially modify nor improve predictions. These results provide empirical evidence and highlight the relevance of specific ecological trade-offs, i.e. in different resource-use and dispersal strategies, for plant populations stability across multiple biomes. Further research is, however, necessary to integrate and evaluate the role of other specific traits, often not available in databases, and intraspecific trait variability in modulating species stability.Item Enfermera de práctica avanzada en Programa de Prehabilitación Quirúrgica(Metas de Enfermería, 2023) Mudarra García, Natalia; García Sánchez, Francisco JavierLa rehabilitación multimodal engloba una serie de medidas y estrategias preoperatorias, intraoperatorias y posoperatorias, en la que se incluye la prehabilitación quirúrgica como parte de la fase preoperatoria del proceso quirúrgico. Entre los objetivos del Programa de Prehabillitación Quirúrgica destacan: a) mejorar el estado de salud del paciente, interviniendo sobre parámetros modificables de calidad de vida, funcionalidad y comorbilidades que le permitan afrontar la cirugía en condiciones más óptimas; b) reducir las complicaciones posoperatorias; c) disminuir estancia hospitalaria y reingresos; d) reducir costes sanitarios. Este programa está liderado por una enfermera de práctica avanzada que trabaja, de forma colaborativa e interdisciplinar con un internista, para realizar un abordaje integral del paciente, disminuyendo el número de derivaciones a otros especialistas, y consiguiendo una reducción de los tiempos de atención necesarios para su preparación quirúrgica. El Programa de Prehabilitación Quirúrgica se puso en marcha a mediados de 2019 en el Hospital Infanta Cristina (Madrid, España) con inclusión de 25 pacientes. En 2020 se atendieron 144, en 2021 fueron 276 y en 2022 480 pacientes. En estos años se han registrado resultados clínicos relevantes: mejora de la funcionalidad y calidad de vida; disminución de complicaciones, reingresos, días de estancia y necesidad de concentrados de hematíes; así como un ahorro de aproximadamente 400.000 euros.Item Actinomicosis: dos casos clínicos ginecológicos. ¡No sólo los DIUs tienen la culpa!(Clínica e investigación en ginecología y obstetricia, 2022) Labaig, A. de; Guzmán Muñoz, M.; García Sánchez, Francisco Javier; Menéndez Fuster, J.M.Introducción La actinomicosis pélvica ha sido descrita en la literatura como asociada al uso de dispositivos intrauterinos, pero no siempre guarda relación con ellos. Hallazgos clínicos En este artículo describimos dos casos de abscesos pélvicos en dos pacientes con cirugías previas y endometriosis, sin antecedente de uso de DIU. Diagnóstico En ambas pacientes se aisló Actinomyces turicensis en los cultivos de los abscesos, entre otros microorganismos, siendo diagnosticadas de actinomicosis pélvica. Tratamiento Las dos pacientes precisaron de drenaje quirúrgico de los abscesos y tratamiento antibiótico durante el ingreso y, una vez que se les dio de alta, requirieron un tratamiento de mantenimiento durante meses con amoxicilina. Resultados Las dos pacientes mostraron resolución del cuadro clínico, analítico y radiológico durante el seguimiento posterior. Conclusión Hacemos especial hincapié en la importancia de sospechar y tratar esta infección a tiempo, para evitar cirugías agresivas, así como realizar un adecuado diagnóstico diferencial con otros procesos que pueden presentar síntomas similares.Item Application of Artificial Intelligence as an Aid for the Correction of the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)(Applied sciences, 2025) Luordo, Davide; Torres Arrese, Marta; Tristan Calvo, Cristina; Shani Shani, Kirti Dayal; Rodríguez Cruz, Luis Miguel; García Sánchez, Francisco Javier; Lagares Gómez-Abascal, Alfonso; Rubio García, Rafael; Delgado Jiménez, Juan Francisco; Pérez Carreras, Mercedes; Díez Lobato, Ramiro; Granizo Martinez, Juan José; Tung-Chen, Yale; Villena Garrido, María VictoriaThe assessment of clinical competencies is essential in medical training, and the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is an essential tool in this process. There are multiple studies exploring the usefulness of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education. This study explored the use of the GPT-4 AI model to grade clinical reports written by students during the OSCE at the Teaching Unit of the 12 de Octubre and Infanta Cristina University Hospitals, part of the Faculty of Medicine at the Complutense University of Madrid, comparing its results with those of human graders. Ninety-six (96) students participated, and their reports were evaluated by two experts, an inexperienced grader, and the AI using a checklist designed during the OSCE planning by the teaching team. The results show a significant correlation between the AI and human graders (ICC = 0.77 for single measures and 0.91 for average measures). AI was more stringent, assigning scores on an average of 3.51 points lower (t = −15.358, p < 0.001); its correction was considerably faster, completing the analysis in only 24 min compared to the 2–4 h required by human graders. These results suggest that AI could be a promising tool to enhance efficiency and objectivity in OSCE grading.Item Anatomy of the Peroneal Artery and its Role in Foot and Ankle Surgery(Foot & Ankle International, 2025) Ordás Bayón, Alejandro; Simón De Blas, Clara; Rodríguez Vegas, Manuel; Krkovic, Matija; Vázquez Osorio, María Teresa; Aragonés Maza, PalomaThe fibular artery (FA), according to the classic description, terminally divides into the posterior fibular artery (PFA) and the anterior perforating branch (APB). The objective of this study is to detail the terminal distribution of the peroneal artery. Anatomic dissection of 54 specimens was performed. The following variables were measured, taking the fibular malleolus as reference: distance to the most distal APB (terminal division), distance to other APB, presence of anastomotic branches (AB) between the FA and PTA, horizontal distances from the FA to the fibula at 5, 10 and 15 cm. Six types on the terminal distribution of the fibular artery were identified: type 1 or classical bifurcation (40.7%); type 2 (14.8%), accesory anterior perforating branch proximal to the terminal bifurcation; type 3A (18.5%), terminal trifurcation into anastomosis, anterior perforating branch and posterior peroneal artery; type 3B (5.6%), terminal trifurcation where the anastomotic branch bows to join both posterior peroneal and posterior tibial arteries; type 3C (13%), accesory anterior perforating branch proximal to the terminal trifurcation; type 3D (3.7%), accerosy anterior perforating and anastomotic branches proximal to the terminal trifurcation. Two specimens (3.7%) were nonclassifiable. Three dominant peroneal arteries were found (5.56%). Horizontal distances from the fibula to the FA were, at 5 cm, 0.83 ±1.21mm; at 10 cm 1.24 ±1.16mm; at 15 cm 1.63 ±1.34mm. No differences were found for side or gender. Understanding the anatomy of the FA, its branches and anatomical variations, may help to avoid iatrogenic injury to the fibular vascular bundle during the varied and increasing foot and ankle surgical procedures performed, such as posterior open reduction internal fixation of ankle fractures, ankle arthrodesis or arthroscopy.Item Enseñanza de las bases de la ecocardioscopia en el pregrado: los estudiantes como mentores(Revista Clínica Española, 2017) Arias Felipe, A; Domenech García, J; Sánchez de los Arcos, I; Luordo, Davide; García Sánchez, Francisco Javier; Villanueva Martinez, Javier; Forero de la Sotilla, Alberto; Villena Garrido, María Victoria; Torres Macho, Juan; García De Casasola Sánchez, GonzaloObjective To analyse the ability of medical students to incorporate the practical teaching of basic echocardiography planes using a peer mentoring design. Methodology Thirty-six medical students previously trained in obtaining echocardiography planes (mentors) taught the other 5th-year students (n = 126). The teaching methodology included three stages: theory (online course), basic training (three 15 h sessions of practical experience in ultrasound and at least 20 echocardiographic studies per mentor) and objective structured clinical assessment (OSCA), which scored the appropriateness of the basic ultrasound planes and the correct identification of 16 cardiac structures. Results The students’ weighted mean score in the OSCA was 8.66 ± 1.98 points (out of 10). Only 10 students (8.4%) scored less than 5, and 15 (12.6%) scored less than 7. Fifty students (42%) scored 10 points. The most easily identified structure was the left ventricle in the short-axis parasternal plane, with 89.9% of correct answers. The most poorly identified structure was the mitral valve in the subxiphoid plane, with 69.7% of correct answers. Conclusions Peer mentoring-based teaching achieves an appropriate level of training in obtaining basic echocardiography planes. The training period is relatively short. The peer mentoring system can facilitate the implementation of teaching on basic aspects of ultrasound to a large number of undergraduate students.Item Basic Abdominal Point-of-Care Ultrasound Training in the Undergraduate(Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine, 2015) García De Casasola Sánchez, Gonzalo; García Sánchez, Francisco Javier; Luordo, Davide; Forrester Zapata, Deborah; Carnevali Frías, María; Villena Garrido, María Victoria; Villanueva Martínez, Javier; Forero de la Sotilla, Alberto; Casas Rojo, Jose Manuel; Torres Macho; Torres Macho, JuanObjectives: To analyze the ability of medical students to be integrated in the teaching of basic abdominal ultrasound using a peer-mentoring design. Methods: Thirty medical students previously trained in basic abdominal ultrasound (mentors) had to teach all fourth-year students (n = 136) from a single academic year the same training they had received. There were 3 stages to the ultrasound teaching: theoretical (online course); basic training (3 practical sessions in which students were guaranteed to have had a minimum of 15 hours of practical experience with ultrasound and performed at least 20 basic abdominal ultrasound studies); and evaluation (objective structured clinical examination in which students had to obtain the basic abdominal views and to identify 17 structures). Results: The mean grade ± SD obtained was 8.71 ± 1.53 of a possible 10 points. Only 2 students (1.56%) obtained a grade lower than 5, and 14 students (10.86%) obtained a grade lower than 7. A total of 33 students (25.5%) achieved the maximum grade. The structures most easily identified were the liver, the right kidney, and the urinary bladder, with 97.7% of correct answers. Students obtained the poorest results when trying to identify the left and right cardiac cavities (subxiphoid view), with only 53.5% and 55.8% of correct answers, respectively. Conclusions: Teaching based on peer mentoring achieved an adequate level of training in basic abdominal ultrasound. The students acquired these skills in a relatively short training period. These results suggest that peer mentoring can facilitate the large-scale implementation of ultrasound teaching in undergraduate students.Item Tratamiento de la documentación audiovisual en el entorno digital: iniciativas de metadatos y lenguajes de descripción multimedia(El profesional de la información, 2003) sanchez jimenez; López Yepes, Alfonso; Sánchez Jiménez, Rodrigo; Pérez Agüera, José RamónSe ofrece al lector una perspectiva general de las principales iniciativas que se están llevando a cabo en materia de documentación audiovisual en formato digital. Para ello se hace un repaso por los estándares diseñados por las instituciones normalizadoras y empresas de multidifusión, entre los que destacan Mpeg-7, Smil, RDF, Dublin core, TV-Anytime. Así mismo se describe brevemente el Diccionario de Metadatos de Smpte con un énfasis especial en algunos de sus elementos más importantes como KLV y Umid. También se hace un repaso a las iniciativas llevadas a cabo en el ámbito de las bibliotecas y archivos describiendo brevemente ViDE, Mets, Data dictionary for audio/video metadata y el proyecto del Nedlib. Para finalizar se comenta un ejemplo de aplicación de los estándares descritos dentro del ámbito de la Red Iberoamericana de Documentación Informativa, donde se está intentando componer un marco empírico de adaptación de los mismos.Item Norman Girvan y las relaciones internacionales desde el Caribe anglófono: dependencia e integración(Estudios Latinoamericanos, 2023) Montañez Pico, Daniel; Calderón Rodríguez, José MaríaNorman Girvan (1941-2014) fue uno de los más prominentes intelectuales críticos de Jamaica. Su trabajo se centró en el estudio sociohistórico del Caribe anglófono, con especial énfasis en el origen de su dependencia y subdesarrollo crónico dentro del sistema capitalista mundial. Confiando en que la integración sería una de las claves para superar la dependencia dentro del sistema de relaciones internacionales contemporáneo, en la última etapa de su vida se dedicó al análisis de los proyectos de integración regional de su área, convirtiéndose en el teórico y político mejor formado en este campo. En el artículo se analiza su trayectoria intelectual, ponderando sus aportes a la comprensión de las relaciones internacionales desde el Caribe anglófono a través de sus estudios sobre dependencia e integración.Item La articulación de clase, raza y género en el Caribe anglófono: los aportes de Rhoda Reddock(PerspectivasAfro, 2022) Montañez Pico, DanielRhoda Reddock es una de las intelectuales feministas más relevantes del Caribe anglófono. Partiendo de la larga tradición de pensamiento radical y marxista heterodoxo del Caribe, sus investigaciones históricas y sociológicas han sido pioneras en el análisis de los procesos de articulación de opresiones de clase, raza y género en la región. En este texto exponemos y debatimos algunos de sus más importantes aportes intelectuales presentes en algunas de sus obras fundamentales.Item Active legs: Impact of physical activity as an adjuvant treatment in the healing of venous ulcers in primary care: a RCT protocol study(BMC Nursing, 2023) Herraiz Ahijado, Borja Jesús; Folguera Álvarez, María Del Carmen; Verdú Soriano, José; Mori Vara, Pilar; Rico Blázquez, MilagrosBackground Venous ulcers usually present a torpid evolution with a negative impact on patients’ quality of life. In primary care, they account for 2.5% of nursing consultations and their treatment represents high costs for national health systems. These patients usually have a low level of physical activity, with muscle pump dysfunction of the lower limbs, which may improve with increased physical activity. The purpose of this study is to analyse the effectiveness of a structured intervention involving physical activity and exercise (Active Legs) as an adjuvant treatment in improving healing of chronic venous ulcers at 3 months follow-up. Methods A randomized, multicentre clinical trial. A total of 224 individuals receiving primary nursing care with a diagnosis of venous ulcer, with a diameter of 1 cm or greater and an ankle-brachial index between 0.8 and 1.3, able to comply with the study requirements and consenting to participate, will be sequentially included (112 per group). Both groups will receive the standard treatment in primary care, with cleansing, debridement and healing in a moist environment together with multilayer compression therapy. The intervention group will also receive a structured educational intervention involving lower limb physical exercise and daily ambulation guidelines. The primary response variables will be complete healing –understood as complete and sustained epithelialisation for at least 2 weeks– and time to healing. The secondary variables will be degree of healing, ulcer area, quality of life, pain and variables related to the healing process, prognosis, and recurrences. Sociodemographic variables, adherence to treatment and satisfaction variables will also be recorded. Data will be collected at baseline, at 3 months and at 6 months follow-up. Survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier and Cox) will be performed to measure primary effectiveness. Intention-to-treat analysis. Discussion If the intervention is effective, a cost-effectiveness analysis could be conducted and implemented as an additional intervention in the usual venous ulcer treatment in primary care. Trial registration NCT04039789. [https://ClinicalTrials.gov]. 07/11/2019.Item Effect of 16h of rabbit sperm incubation on capacitation and heterologous in vitro fertilization(Animal Reproduction Science, 2025) Ruiz-Díaz, Sara; Maroto, María; Fernández-Gonzalez, Raúl; de Frutos, Celia; Lombó, Marta; Arias Álvarez, MaríaIn vitro fertilization (IVF) in rabbits is an important biotechnology, but its success remains low due to inefficient sperm capacitation. This study examines relationships between motility parameters (MP), protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PTP) and acrosomal exocytosis (AE) between sperm recovered after direct swim-up (DSU), and after 16 h of in vitro incubation under capacitating conditions, and heterologous IVF capacity. Variables were assessed in fresh ejaculates (ES), and after 2 h of DSU, and 16 h (T16) of incubation. PTP were grouped into four patterns in the different sperm structures according to their time-dependent appearance and AE. Throughout incubation, MP remained stable whereas AE increased after DSU and 16 h of incubation. Mid-piece PTP patterns increased after DSU and persisted until 16 h in reacted (R) and non-reacted spermatozoa (NR). In R and NR, annulus-ring PTP levels were also significantly higher in T16 versus DSU or ES. Flagellum PTP levels rose significantly during incubation such that highest levels were recorded in T16. In R sperm, levels of PTP patterns associated with the equatorial zone in T16 were significantly higher compared to NR and to DSU and ES. Cleavage rates were significantly higher at T16 than DSU and these were similar to rates recorded for homologous IVF used as positive control. Our capacitation protocol and PTP patterns at 16 h rendered the sperm competent to fertilize an oocyte in vitro. This time point matches the physiological timing of fertilization in vivo. We also describe a new annulus ring PTP pattern for this species.Item Comparison of the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli, verotoxin-producing E. coli and enteropathogenic E. coli in griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus), cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus) and red kites (Milvus milvus) fed in the wild and in a rescue centre(Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2025) Cerezo-Caro, Alejandra; Mas Zubiri, Alicia; González González, Fernando; Rodríguez-Carrión, Andrea; Flament-Simon, Saskia C.; Blanco, Jesús E.; Martínez Rodrigo, Abel; Hurtado Morillas, Clara; Domínguez Bernal, Gustavo Ramón; Orden Gutiérrez, José AntonioIntroduction Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli from avian scavengers remains poorly characterized, with limited data available for griffon vultures (Gyps fulvus) and no studies on cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus) or red kites (Milvus milvus). In addition, the presence of verotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC) and enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), both zoonotic pathogens, in these animal species has not been studied before. Methods A total of 282 E. coli isolates were recovered from faecal samples of 28 griffon vultures, 22 cinereous vultures and 13 red kites. Isolates were tested for resistance to 14 antimicrobial agents and screened for vt1, vt2, and eae genes. Sampling was performed upon arrival at a wildlife rescue centre and after several weeks of housing that centre. Results High levels of antimicrobial resistance (25–50%) were detected for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole and nalidixic acid, and very high (>50%) for ampicillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, gentamicin, sulphafurazole and ciprofloxacin. No significant differences in antimicrobial resistance prevalence were observed between initial and follow-up samplings. In addition, two VTEC isolates were detected in a cinereous vulture, and five EPEC isolates were identified in a griffon vulture and four cinereous vultures. All VTEC and EPEC isolates were detected in a single sampling event. Conclusion These findings indicate that vultures and red kites are an important reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant E. coli. Measures should be implemented to minimize their exposure to antimicrobials or antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in both natural environments and rescue centres. Furthermore, the detection of VTEC and EPEC suggests that vultures may act as occasional carriers of zoonotic E. coli, highlighting potential public health concerns.Item Editorial: Autophagy modulation in cancer treatment utilizing nanomaterials and nanocarriers(Frontiers in Oncology, 2023) Cordani, Marco; Condello, Maria; Meschini, Stefania; Strippoli, RaffaeleEs un editorial.Item Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the self-care and health condition of the older adults. CUIDAMOS+75. A mixed methods study protocol(Frontiers in Public Health, 2024) Rico Blázquez, Milagros; Esteban Sepúlveda, Silvia; Sánchez Ruano, Raquel; Aritztegui Echenique, Ana María; Artigues Barbera, Eva María; Brito Brito, Pedro Ruymán; Casado Ramirez, Elvira; Cidoncha Moreno, María Ángeles; Fabregat Julve, María Inmaculada; Feria Raposo, Isabel; Hernandez Pascual, Montserrat; Lozano Hernández, Cristina; Moreno Casbas, María Teresa; Otones Reyes, Pedro; Palmar Santos, Ana María; Pedraz Marcos, Azucena; Romero Rodriguez, Esperanza María; Solé Agustí, María Cristina; Taltavull Aparicio, Joana María; Vidal Thomas, María Clara; Gonzalez Chorda, Víctor ManuelAims To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health condition of people ≥75 years of age and on their family caregivers in Spain. Design Multicentric, mixed method concurrent study. Methods This work, which will be conducted within the primary care setting in 11 administrative regions of Spain, will include three coordinated studies with different methodologies. The first is a population-based cohort study that will use real-life data to analyze the rates and evolution of health needs, care provision, and services utilization before, during, and after the pandemic. The second is a prospective cohort study with 18 months of follow-up that will evaluate the impact of COVID-19 disease on mortality, frailty, functional and cognitive capacity, and quality of life of the participants. Finally, the third will be a qualitative study with a critical social approach to understand and interpret the social, political, and economic dimensions associated with the use of health services during the pandemic. We have followed the SPIRIT Checklist to address trial protocol and related documents. This research is being funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III since 2021 and was approved by its ethics committee (June 2022). Discussion The study findings will reveal the long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the older adults and their caregivers. This information will serve policymakers to adapt health policies to the needs of this population in situations of maximum stress, such as that produced by the COVID-19 pandemic. Trial Registration Identifier: NCT05249868 [ClinicalTrials.gov].