Artículos

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://docta.ucm.es/handle/20.500.14352/15

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Landslides impact and management on human settlements over 3000 years: the case of the Montilla Castle Hill (Córdoba, Spain)
(Natural Hazards, 2026) Jiménez Espejo, Francisco; González Castillo, María Lourdes; Lamas, Francisco; Martínez Moreno, Francisco José; Galindo Zaldívar, Jesús; Camuera, Jon; Moyano, Sergio; Peláez, J. A.; Urbano, José Luis; Camacho Calderón, Mónica; Ortiz, Raimundo
In recent decades, global urbanisation has increased dramatically. The study of urbanised areas over the last millennium offers valuable insight into the long-term landslide hazards associated with human settlements. Anthropogenic environmental impact and urbanisation in southern Iberia began around 2200 yr BCE, rendering this region a unique location to examine interactions between building construction and landslide over millennial timescales. The Montilla Castle Hill, in south Spain, was selected for this study due to its clear evidence of landslides and confirmed historical occupation dating back to the Copper Age. This study adopted a multidisciplinary approach, integrating archaeology, geology, geophysics, geotechnical modelling and related disciplines to characterize construction types and pathologies, as well as landslide ages, critical stability threshold values, landslide mechanisms and key features. The obtained data were compared with regional paleoclimate records and earthquakes/tsunamic events in south Iberia. Four landslide activity phases have been dated: from 650–550 BCE, from 400 to 200 BCE, from 1400 to 1450 and along the XVIII to XX centuries. Observations revealed that the presence of major buildings at the summit of the Castle Hill, at the landslide crown, were a key factor in promoting the reactivation of ancient landslides. This study found no evidence linking climate conditions with slope stability, but a correlation with major regional earthquakes was observed, in agreement with the modelled values obtained.
Updated biochronology of the Miocene mammal faunas from the Madrid basin (Spain)
(Deinsea, 2003) Peláez Campomanes, Pablo; Morales Romero, Jorge; Álvarez Sierra, María De Los Ángeles; Azanza, Beatriz; Fraile Gracia, Susana; García Paredes, Israel; Hernández Fernández, Manuel; Herráez, Esther; Nieto, Manuel; Pérez, B.; Quiralte, Victoria; Salesa, Manuel J.; Sánchez, Israel M.; Soria, Dolores
New data on the mammal fossil record from the Madrid basin are presented. An updated biochronological arrangement of the Madrid basin faunas is proposed based on the results of similarity analyses. Similarity analysis was performed using either entire faunas, the large mammals, or the small mammals and the results are discussed and compared with other biochronologic and biostratigraphic European scales. New data on the relative abundance of mammal taxa from localities of the Madrid basin are presented and discussed.
Petrologic evolution of El Charco eruption (1712 Cumbre Vieja, La Palma)
(Cosmológica, 2025) Chicharro Fermín, Nicolás; Huertas Coronel, María José; Márquez González, Álvaro; Ancochea Soto, Eumenio; Herrera, Raquel; Coello Bravo, Juan Jesús
Sex assessment in a hominin upper second molar (RV’23-350) from the Ruidera (Spain) Middle Pleistocene paleoanthropological site: a proteome-based analysis of the amelogenin
(Quaternary International, 2026) García Martínez, Daniel; Sanz Henche, Paula; Zapico Megido, Inés; Clemente Velarde, Luis Felipe; Hernáez Sánchez, María Luisa; Ríos, Luis; Casquero Muñoz, Mar; Buenestado Ruíz, Candelas; Fidalgo Casares, Darío; Díaz Pérez, Sara; Campaña Lozano, Isidoro; Bermejo Albarrán, Lucía; Torres Medina, Tomás; Palancar, Carlos A.
Sex determination in fossil hominin remains is often challenging due to the fragmentary nature of the record and the limitations of morphological assessments. In this study, we apply a proteomic approach to assess the sex of an upper second molar (RV’23-350) from the Middle Pleistocene site of Ruidera (Spain). By analyzing the presence of amelogenin, a key enamel protein encoded by genes on both the X and Y chromosomes, we provide molecular evidence supporting the classification of this fossil as belonging to a male individual. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first application of amelogenin-based sex estimation in European Middle Pleistocene hominin teeth. Our findings have significant implications for understanding hominin demographic structures and population dynamics in the Iberian Peninsula during this period. The ability to integrate proteomic analyses with traditional morphological approaches offers a novel and reliable methodology for paleoanthropological investigations, particularly in cases where skeletal preservation is insufficient for standard osteological assessments. This study highlights the potential of ancient protein analysis in refining taxonomic and biological reconstructions, further enhancing our knowledge of human evolution and variability in the Middle Pleistocene.
América en la encrucijada. proyectos para una nueva relación (1781-1808)
(Cuadernos de investigación histórica, 2011) Francisco Olmos, José María De
Estudio sobre las relaciones de España y sus territorios americanos a finales del siglo XVIII y principios del XIX.
Análisis sociolingüístico del acento andaluz como estrategia de reposicionamiento de marca
(Sintaxis, 2026) López Agulló Pérez Caballero, José Manuel
El acento andaluz, tradicionalmente asociado al folclore, lo gracioso o lo humilde, pero también a lo incomprensible, es objeto de análisis en esta investigación centrada en la campaña publicitaria “Con mucho acento” (Cruzcampo, 2021). El estudio, de carácter transdisciplinar, se dirige tanto a especialistas en marketing como a dialectólogos interesados en el carácter performativo del acento, combinando los métodos del análisis textual (Barthes, 2021[1985]), y la sociocrítica (Cros, 2010, 2011) y, especialmente, la sociolingüística (Alvar, 1988). Los resultados muestran que la campaña objeto de análisis, asocia el acento a valores como la autenticidad, la feminidad, la rebeldía o el compromiso medioambiental, revirtiendo su estigmatización al mostrarlo como símbolo de empoderamiento y prestigio cultural —en línea con las nuevas estrategias del marketing sostenible—. Sin embargo, a pesar del reconocimiento y debate social generado, la territorialización estratégica desarrollada por la marca redunda en la vieja idea romántica del sur español vinculado a lo pintoresco, lo individual y lo auténtico frente al ideal de modernidad occidental.
Deep-black is the new green: Europe-India innovation pathways in laser systems for space-debris reduction
(Papeles de Europa, 2025) Carrera, Andrea; Baumert Núñez, Thomas
La expansión de la nueva economía espacial ha intensificado la amenaza que representan los desechos orbitales. Este artículo cartografía las cadenas globales de valor (CGV) que sustentan las tecnologías láser europeas para la detección y mitigación de dichos desechos, con especial atención a los sistemas de la Agencia Espacial Europea (ESA) y del sector privado. El análisis pone de relieve la dependencia europea de componentes láser basados en semiconductores. Asimismo, se examina el potencial estratégico de la cooperación entre la ESA y la Organización de Investigación Espacial de la India (ISRO) en la lucha contra los desechos espaciales. Las capacidades indias en desarrollo de software, integración de sistemas e innovación rentable complementan las fortalezas europeas en hardware. El estudio concluye que un fortalecimiento de la colaboración ESA-ISRO podría mejorar las capacidades de mitigación de desechos y reforzar la resiliencia de las CGV que sustentan las tecnologías de medición láser.
Physical Restraint Use in Acute Care Hospitals: A Diagnostic Study on Knowledge, Documentation, and Patient Safety from a Humanization Perspective
(Healthcare, 2026) Albalat Rodríguez, Alicia; Fernández Garcia, Ana; Hernández de Arribas, Violeta; Pérez Panizo, Nuria; Nieto Alcantud, Patricia; Guillén Tolbaños, Sara; De Cabo Calvo, Jesús; De la Matta Cantó, Marina; Mudarra García, Natalia; García Sánchez, Francisco Javier
Background: The use of physical restraints in hospital settings remains a controversial practice due to its ethical, legal, and safety implications. Although restraints are intended to prevent falls or manage agitation, their inappropriate use may compromise patient dignity, autonomy, and quality of care. Current healthcare policies emphasize restraint reduction, appropriate documentation, and professional training as key elements of humanized and safe care. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study based on an anonymous self-administered survey was conducted in a tertiary university hospital as the diagnostic phase of a quality improvement project aimed at evaluating healthcare professionals’ knowledge, perceptions, and documentation practices related to physical restraint use. A structured ad hoc questionnaire was distributed to registered nurses and nursing assistants working in adult inpatient units using a non-probabilistic convenience sampling strategy. The survey explored training, clinical decision-making, communication with patients and families, awareness of institutional protocols, and use of the electronic health record (EHR). Descriptive analyses and Pearson’s chi-square tests were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics. Results: A total of 241 professionals participated. More than half of respondents (54.8%) reported no formal training in physical restraint use, and only 27.4% considered their training sufficient. Although 86.3% stated they were familiar with restraint indications, only 53.5% were aware of the existence of a structured EHR restraint registry, and just 31.0% consistently completed it. Documentation of restraint removal was particularly low (32.9%). Furthermore, significant discrepancies were observed between regulatory definitions of restraints and professionals’ perceptions regarding practices requiring formal documentation. Statistically significant associations were identified between professional category, perceived training adequacy, and knowledge of physical restraint indications. Conclusions: This diagnostic phase identified substantial gaps between regulatory requirements, professional knowledge, and real-world documentation practices related to physical restraint use. The findings highlight the need for competency-based training strategies, standardized documentation processes, and strengthened institutional leadership to promote patient safety, regulatory compliance, and the humanization of hospital care.
La heráldica monetaria castellana de carlos i: una afirmación de legitimidad dinástica y territorial
(Hidalguía: la revista de genealogía, nobleza y armas, 2009) Francisco Olmos, José María De
Estudio de la heráldica, la propaganda y las connotaciones políticas de la moneda castellana de Carlos I.
La moneda como instrumento de propaganda política durante la guerra de la independencia (1808-1814)
(Hidalguía: la revista de genealogía, nobleza y armas, 2008) Francisco Olmos, José María De
Estudio del uso de la moneda como elemento propagandístico durante la Guerra de Indepencencia.
Luis de salazar y castro y las armas del infante fernando como gran prior de la orden de san juan. un informe heráldico (1719-1720)
(Armas e Troféus: Revista de História, Heráldica, Genealogia e Arte, 2021) Francisco Olmos, José María De
Este trabajo se centra en el informe que Luis de Salazar hizo, a petición del rey Felipe V, sobre la creación del sello y escudo del Infante Fernando como Gran Prior de Castilla de la orden de San Juan de Jerusalén. En él se ven los conocimientos históricos y heráldicos del cronista, que debe enfrentarse a opiniones heráldicas basadas en criterios políticos, que marcan un enfrentamiento con el Lugarteniente del Gran Prior, siendo el intermediario José Rodrigo, el Secretario de Estado de Gracia y Justicia. Veremos los argumentos de las partes, los antecedentes, los posibles diseños y al final la resolución tomada por el rey, que servirá de modelo a la heráldica de los infantes de España en los siglos siguientes.
La heráldica como elemento imprescindible en el estudio del libro antiguo el caso de las horas atalaya de filadelfia
(Armas e Troféus: Revista de História, Heráldica, Genealogia e Arte, 2020) Francisco Olmos, José María De
En este trabajo se detalla la importancia del estudio científico y académico de los elementos heráldicos en la investigación del Libro Antiguo, así como la necesidad de que los especialistas en este campo puedan incorporarse al mundo universitario y proyectos de investigación, para lo cual hay que seguir los pasos de nuestros maestros, como el recordado Faustino Menéndez Pidal, en el estudio serio de la heráldica, olvidando leyendas, vanidades y errores seculares. Para mostrar todo esto se ponen algunos ejemplos exitosos concretos del uso de la heráldica con estos condicionantes, en especial la correcta identificación de las llamadas Horas Atalaya del Museo de Filadelfia, que deberían cambiar su nombre al identificar sin ningún género de dudas a su propietaria, Guiomar de Portugal, duquesa de Segorbe.
Análisis ontosemiótico de procesos de validación en estudiantes del último año de la escuela secundaria
(Unión: Revista Iberoamericana de Educación Matemática, 2021) Markiewicz, María Elena; Milanesio, Bettina Aylen; Etchegaray, Silvia
En este trabajo se indaga en los procesos de validación que logran estudiantes del último año de la escuela secundaria, a través de herramientas teóricas del Enfoque Ontosemiótico del conocimiento y la instrucción matemáticos. A partir de la propuesta de problemas que exigen la validación de propiedades matemáticas, se realiza un estudio de casos, analizando objetos y procesos que influyen y condicionan las prácticas argumentativas de los estudiantes. También se determinan los niveles de algebrización donde se sitúan dichas prácticas y conflictos semióticos efectivos que obstaculizan el avance hacia el tipo de validación deductiva pretendida en los primeros años de la universidad.
An interview with Christian Joerges
(European Law Open, 2025) Joerges, Christian; Menéndez Menéndez, Agustín José; Schepel, Harm
In this interview Christian Joerges reconstructs his intellectual biography. A childhood marked, like that of his entire generation, by the Second World War, a harsh post-war period and, from an early age, a complex relationship with German identity on the shadow of Nazi crimes. A high school and university education in a Frankfurt where intellectual life is thriving amidst the ruins. And where a young Joerges discovers the beauty of theory thanks to Wiethölter. The experience in the United States where a pluralistic student movement is energised by the opposition to the Vietnam war. The construction of a law faculty in Bremen, with the almost impossible goal of transforming the teaching of law in Germany. The almost 20 years of Florentine experience, in the shadow of history and with the determination to imagine a Europe capable of being progressive. And without omitting reflections on the dark legacies of European law and on ordoliberalism, two phenomena that many European scholars have discovered thanks to Joerges.
La complejidad ontosemiótica de demostraciones matemáticas que se proponen en la entrada a la universidad
(Revista de Educación Matemática (RevEM), 2024) Milanesio, Bettina Aylen; Markiewicz, María Elena
En este trabajo se abordan aspectos vinculados a la validación de proposicionesmatemáticas en la entrada a la universidad. A partir de las dificultades que muestran estu-diantes ingresantes para validar deductivamente, realizamos una selección de las primerasprácticas de validación que se presentan en los materiales de trabajo de asignaturas del pri-mer año de la carrera de grado Profesorado en Matemática. Escogimos tres demostraciones,representativas del tipo de prácticas de validación que se promueve en dichos materiales, ylas analizamos utilizando herramientas del Enfoque ontosemiótico del conocimiento y lainstrucción matemáticos. Esto nos permitió develar la complejidad ontosemiótica de lasdemostraciones pretendidas y prever conflictos semióticos potenciales que pueden explicarlas dificultades de los estudiantes en la comprensión y la realización de las mismas.
Behavioral, antioxidant, and kynurenine pathway modulation of a specific strain of Ligilactobacillus salivarius in a preclinical model of depression
(European Journal of Nutrition, 2026) Martín Hernández, David; Caso Fernández, Javier Rubén; Díaz García, César; Regidor, Pedro-Antonio; Rizo, José Miguel; Román, Marta; Gutiérrez, Rocío; Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos
Purpose Current antidepressants targeting neurotransmitters often fail to alleviate symptoms. Alternative hypotheses suggest inflammation may trigger an alternative route that converts tryptophan into kynurenine, reducing the bioavailability of tryptophan to synthesize serotonin while producing neuroactive metabolites such as quinolinic acid (QUINA, excitotoxic) and kynurenic acid (KYNA, neuroprotective). This study evaluates the effects on these systems of a specific strain of Ligilactobacillus salivarius (L. salivarius), identified in the Spanish Type Culture Collection as CECT 30632, in a preclinical model depression. Methods Male Wistar rats (n = 32) were divided into control (CT) and chronic mild stress (CMS) groups, treated with either vehicle or L. salivarius CECT 30632 for four weeks, starting one week before CMS exposure. Behavioral assessments, including the splash test (ST) and open field test (OF), were conducted. Biochemical analyses of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), plasma, and frontal cortex (FC) samples assessed antioxidant markers phospho-nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (p-Nrf2) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1), as well as tryptophan metabolites. Results In the ST, L. salivarius CECT 30,632 reduced latency to groom, indicating improved anhedonia and self-care, while no changes were observed in the OF test. CMS reduced p-Nrf2 and GPx1 expression in PBMCs, which was restored by L. salivarius CECT 30,632. This bacterium also reduced the QUINA/KYNA ratio in plasma and FC, suggesting a lower excitotoxicity risk. Conclusion Ligilactobacillus salivarius CECT 30632 improved behavioral outcomes, enhanced antioxidant defenses, and modulated tryptophan metabolism in a rat model of CMS. These findings support its potential as a probiotic intervention for depression.
Sustainable management in audiovisual advertising: green-shootings
(Management Decision, 2026) López-Agulló Pérez-Caballero, José Manuel; Ávila Rodríguez de Mier, Belén; García Chamizo, Fernando
Purpose The study aims to analyse sustainability in Spanish audiovisual advertising production, focusing on professional perceptions and the implementation of sustainable measures, in order to identify the main opportunities and barriers in the sector. Design/methodology/approach Mixed methodology with an exploratory-descriptive approach was used in the study. Data triangulation through literature review, in-depth interviews and questionnaires aimed at professionals who hold key positions in audiovisual production Findings The study revealed sustainability in Spanish audiovisual advertising production is in its early stages, with growing awareness but limited by a lack of resources, training, information and regulation. Despite this, the sector sees it as an opportunity rather than a barrier, highlighting the need for support policies and training to promote sustainable change Social implications The results and recommendations of this study can have a positive impact on both the advertising industry and society, promoting a shift towards more responsible and sustainable practices Originality/value This study provides an interdisciplinary approach that combines theory, practical data and actionable proposals, relevant to both academia and industry. Its key contributions are: (1) Exploring the intersection between advertising and sustainability, an emerging issue with understudied implications; (2) Incorporating the professional perspective, identifying barriers and opportunities from everyday practice; (3) Providing a critical diagnosis that highlights the gap between regulation and implementation, attributed to gaps in training and information and guides future research
Confinement-induced collective motion in suspensions of run-and-tumble particles
(Journal of Chemical Physics, 2026) Martín Roca, José; Escobar Ortiz, Daniel; Valeriani, Chantal; Serna, Horacio
Collective motion is ubiquitous in active systems at all length and time scales. The mechanisms behind such collective motion are usually alignment interactions between active particles, effective alignment after collisions between agents, or symmetry-breaking fluctuations induced by passive species in active suspensions. In this article, we introduce a new type of collective motion in the shape of a traveling band induced purely by confinement, where no explicit or effective alignment is prescribed among the active agents. We study a suspension of run-and-tumble particles confined in microchannels comprising asymmetric boundaries: one flat wall and one array of funnel-like obstacles. We study the phase behavior of the confined active suspension upon changes in the packing fraction and persistence length to define the stability region of the traveling band. We characterize the traveling band structurally and dynamically and study its stability with respect to the geometry of the microchannel. Finally, we describe the mechanism of motion of the band, which resembles the tracked locomotion of some heavy vehicles such as tractors, finding that a counter-flux of active particles in the lower part of the band, explained in terms of source–sink and vacancy diffusion mechanisms, is the facilitator of the traveling band and sustains its motion. We name this new collective phenomenon confinement-induced tracked locomotion.
Test Oracle Automation in the Era of LLMs
(ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 2025) Molina, Facundo; Gorla, Alessandra; d'Amorim, Marcelo
Do Gaming Habits or Gender Influence the Interest of School-Age Children in Spanish Dance After Playing a Video Game?
(International Journal of Game-Based Learning, 2026) Manero Iglesias, José Borja; Gervás Gómez-Navarro, Pablo; Romero Hernández, Alejandro; Sagredo Olivenza, Ismael
Videogames have long been a tool to increase students’ interest in different domains. However, its efficiency heavily depends on the players’ profile. This paper considers the relationship between two variables: the players’ gender and their gaming habits. Specifically, it addresses the question of whether the observed influence of gender on the efficacy of videogames is merely a reflection of the different gaming habits between players of different genders. To this end, the authors carried out an experiment with 198 students between the ages of 9 and 11. The experiment relied on the videogame, Bailando un tesoro [Dancing a Treasure], which aims to increase students’ interest in dance. The results show that those accustomed to playing videogames more frequently show an increase in their interest in dance after playing the game. The connection revealed between gender and gaming habits in this study suggests that videogames could be an effective tool to reduce the existing gender gap in terms of interest in dance.

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