Artículos

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://docta.ucm.es/handle/20.500.14352/15

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Black hole thermodynamics probes the equivalence principle
(International Journal of Modern Physics D, 2025) Alonso Serrano, Ana; Garay Elizondo, Luis Javier; Liška, Marek
The equivalence principle for test gravitational physics strongly constrains dynamics of spacetime, providing a powerful criterion for selecting candidate theories of gravity. However, checking its validity for a particular theory is often a very difficult task. We devise here a simple theoretical criterion for identifying equivalence principle violations in black hole thermodynamics. By employing this criterion, we prove that Lanczos-Lovelock gravity violates the strong equivalence principle, leaving general relativity as the only local, diffeomorphism-invariant theory compatible with it. However, we also show that certain nonlocal expressions for black hole entropy appear to obey the strong equivalence principle.
Dark energy with a shift-symmetric scalar field: Obstacles, loophole hunting and dead ends
(Physics of the Dark Universe, 2024) Borislavov Vasilev, Teodor; Bouhmadi-López, Mariam; Martín Moruno, María Del Prado
We discuss the possibility of a scalar field being the fundamental description of dark energy. We focus on shift-symmetric scalar-tensor theories since this symmetry potentially avoids some fine-tuning problems. We also restrict attention to theories satisfying that the propagation speed of gravitational waves is equal to the speed of light. These considerations lead us to investigate shift-symmetric Kinetic Gravity Braiding theories. Analysing the stability of scalar linear perturbations, we discuss the conditions that seems to be necessary to describe (super) accelerated cosmic expansion without introducing instabilities. However, it has been previously established that the linearised analysis does not guarantee the stability of this non-canonical scalar theory, as potentially dangerous interactions between dark energy fluctuations and tensor perturbations (essentially gravitational waves) appear at a higher order in perturbation theory. Indeed, although we shall point out that the standard proof of absence of dark energy stable braiding models due to this interaction has a possible way-out, we find general arguments suggesting that there are no dark energy stable solutions that can exploit this loophole. Thus, we discuss future research directions for finding viable fundamental descriptions of dark energy. We also provide a dictionary between the covariant version of the theory and that of the Effective Field Theory approach, explicitly computing the parameters in the latter formalism in terms of the functions appearing in the covariant version, and its derivatives. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time these expressions are explicitly obtained up-to arbitrary order in perturbation theory.
Eifelian (Middle Devonian) to Early Frasnian (Late Devonian) conodonts and strata in the Spanish Central Pyrenees: Global correlations and effects of climatic fluctuations in the biota
(Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2026) Liao Chen, Jau-Chyn; Valenzuela Ríos, José Ignacio
The interval between the late Eifelian and early Frasnian was marked by significant paleoenvironmental instability, including major evolutionary, eustatic, and biotic events. This study analyzes conodont diversity and evolutionary dynamics in the Givetian of the Spanish Pyrenees, using integrated quantitative and qualitative methods, and focusing on responses to global Devonian paleoenvironmental events. Key global events are examined for their impact on conodont communities. Results show a steady rise in diversity peaking in the ansatus Zone, which saw the highest evolutionary turnover, followed by a decline into the latifossatus Zone. Origination generally outpaced extinction until this point. Major faunal changes correlate with the Taghanic and Geneseo events, while the Kačák and Lower pumilio events had limited regional effects. The Upper pumilio and Frasnes events influenced diversification. The findings underscore periodic biodiversity shifts, driven by both global events and regional factors, and in Devonian evolutionary and environmental patterns. These findings enhance understanding of regional and global conodont biodiversity dynamics, highlight regional differences, and underscore the complex biotic responses to Devonian climatic and sea-level changes.
The 1884 Andalusian earthquake, Spain: re-evaluation of seismic intensities and source determination
(Seismological Research Letters, 2025) Buforn Peiró, Vicenta María Elisa; Fernández Fraile, Javier; Cesca, Simone; Sanz de Galdeano, Carlos; Martínez Solares, José Manuel; Udías Vallina, Agustín; Mattesini, Maurizio; Márquez Reviriego, David
In this work, we present a quantified model of the seismic source for the 1884 Andalusian earthquake (Granada, Spain) that accounts for the dimensions and orientation of the rupture, average slip, focal depth, magnitude, and scalar seismic moment. We undertook archival research to find additional accounts, increasing the number of intensity data points from 157 to 213, which has allowed for a more detailed distribution of European Macroseismic Scale 1998 intensities. The re-evaluated intensity values were converted into peak ground acceleration (PGA) values using an empirical relation and then modeled using rectangular fault models with regular slip and different fault sizes, depths, and geometries. We have used two different approaches to carry out the comparison between synthetic and observed PGAs. The best results correspond to a normal fault with strikes of 270°–330° that steeply dips to the north, with the northern block moving down, and a shallow focus. This geometry agrees with that of the Ventas de Zafarraya fault system, which was proposed by different authors as the origin of the 1884 earthquake.
Deciphering the correlated evolutionary responses of the hands and feet in modern humans
(Journal of Human Evolution, 2025) Arlegi, Mikel; Pablos Fernández, Adrián; Lorenzo, Carlos
The coevolution of the hands and feet in modern humans has been a subject of significant interest due to their unique morphological features that differentiate humans from other primates and their implications in human evolution. This study aims to investigate the degree of correlated responses to selection between hands and feet and to determine whether one of the autopods has exerted a greater influence on this coevolution, focusing on their homologous elements and morphological traits. We analyzed the 38 long bones of the hands and feet from 96 modern human specimens, employing a comprehensive methodological framework that includes morphological analysis, assessments of modularity, integration, and covariation patterns under random selection. Additionally, Bayesian analyses were conducted to test whether foot morphology drives hand morphology or vice versa. Our findings indicate a high degree of morphological integration between the hands and feet, revealing a trend of increasing correlation from the first to the fifth ray. Consistent with previous studies, our Bayesian model provides robust evidence that the feet drive the morphological coevolution of human autopods, likely in response to functional selection pressures associated with bipedalism. However, our results also highlight that the intertwined evolutionary trajectories of the hands and feet are not a simple unidirectional model, underscoring the complexity of morphological integration and the diverse coevolutionary patterns among different rays, reflecting their specialized functions and evolutionary adaptations.
An integrated framework for the agile development and deployment of low cost remote laboratories
(Multimedia Tools and Applications, 2024) Chacón Sombría, Jesús; Besada Portas, Eva; García Pérez, Lía; López Orozco, José Antonio
This work proposes a standalone framework, supported by state-of-the-art technologies, to efficiently build Remote Laboratories (RLs) from scratch. Not only does this proposal contribute with a new software infrastructure of RLs, but also with a methodology and an Integrated Development Environment to set up and deploy RLs, to boost developers productivity, and to reduce the RLs time/cost to production. Finally, the new framework, described first in depth from the point of view of its users and later through a study case, can be used as a principle solution for low cost RLs, since its software is completely deployable in single-board computers as the Raspberry Pi.
Cabeço de Vide Ophiolite: structure, age and correlation of an obducted marginal basin on the northern margin of Gondwana
(Gondwana Research, 2026) Moreno Martín, Diana; Díez Fernández, Rubén; Albert, Richard; Rojo Pérez, Esther; Pereira, M. Francisco; Gerdes, Axel; Arenas Martín, Ricardo
The Cabeço de Vide Ophiolite (SW Iberian Massif) offers new insights into the tectonic evolution of the North Africa Gondwana margin. This study presents petrological, structural, and geochronological evidence to reconstruct the Cadomian tectonic evolution of the Cabeço de Vide Ophiolite and discusses possible correlations. The Cabeço de Vide Massif experienced two Cadomian deformation phases (DC1 and DC2). Besteiros thrust (Besteiros Shear Zone) is attributed to DC1, which obducted the Cabeço de Vide Ophiolite onto the Ediacaran series deposited along the Gondwana margin (top-to-E-NE emplacement). DC2 produced a normal-sense ductile shear zone with top-to-the-SE kinematics (Cabeço de Vide Shear Zone). A cross-sectional data analysis combining geochronological evidence with U-Pb dating in calcite (marbles) and zircon (amphibolites, metagranites and metaconglomerates) constrains the age of DC1 between ca. 623–523 Ma. The same analysis suggests a Cambrian age for DC2, between ca. 523–512 Ma. The sequence, timing and kinematics of the major Cadomian structures in the study area align with those described in other sections of the Cadomian Orogen in Iberia, notably the Calzadilla Ophiolite. We propose a correlation between the Cabeço de Vide and Calzadilla ophiolites, which would emerge as two pieces of a single ophiolitic belt. This ophiolitic belt was probably obducted from a primary fore-arc basin setting inland onto Gondwana during the Cadomian Orogeny. The thrusting of the late Ediacaran ophiolites was followed by the collapse of the arc system, which was accommodated by the development of ductile extensional shear zones during the Cambrian (DC2), accompanied by uplifting, erosion and magmatism.
Bayesian inference approach for Full Poincaré Mueller polarimetry
(Optics and Laser Technology, 2024) Suárez Bermejo, Juan Carlos; Gorgas García, Francisco Javier; Pascual Ramírez, Sergio; Santarsiero, Massimo; González de Sande, Juan Carlos; Piquero Sanz, Gemma María
Full Poincare Mueller Polarimetry is a new technique for characterizing samples by means of their Mueller matrix. The method is based on the use of a full Poincare beam as a generator of polarization states. These beams present different polarization states, covering the entire Poincare sphere surface, at different points in the beam cross section. To obtain the Mueller matrix, Stokes parameters are collected at both the entrance and the output of the sample. They are calculated from irradiance measurements at each pixel of a CCD camera for different configurations of the polarization state analyzer. These measurements can be processed in several ways. In this work, we propose to use Bayesian inference, in particular, Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, to obtain, without any prior knowledge of the sample, its Mueller matrix together with its uncertainties. The new approach is tested with experimental measurements of different samples and compared with the real theoretical Mueller matrices. Excellent agreement is observed between the experimental results and the theoretical ones for all the samples tested.
MyopiaX-1 Safety and Efficacy of a Novel Approach to Slow Juvenile Myopia Progression: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Trial
(Ophthalmology Science, 2025) Loughman, James; Lingham, Gareth; Kaymak, Hakan; Lorenz, Katrin; Polling, Jan Roelof; Beck, Anna; Carracedo Rodríguez, Juan Gonzalo
Purpose To investigate the safety, tolerability, and signals of effect of MyopiaX, a smartphone app that selectively delivers blue light to the optic nerve head to control myopia progression in children and adolescents. Design Multicenter, randomized, active-controlled, examiner-masked proof-of-concept clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04967287). Participants Eligible children aged 6 to 12 years, with myopia of cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction (SER) between –0.75 and –5.00 diopters (D) at baseline. Children were screened and enrolled between November 2021 and September 2023. Methods Children were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to MyopiaX or active control. Participants were instructed to use MyopiaX for 10 minutes twice daily for the first 6 months and, during the second 6 months of the trial, also wear defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) myopia control spectacles. The active control group wore DIMS spectacles for the entire 12-month trial. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome was change in axial length (AL) and change in SER at month 6. Clinical safety examinations and the frequency and severity of device-related adverse events (AEs) were analyzed for all participants who began treatment. Results Of the 124 randomized participants, 101 were enrolled under the 12-month active-control study design (MyopiaX: n = 66, DIMS: n = 35). After 6 months, the mean AL change from baseline in the MyopiaX (n = 50) and DIMS (n = 34) groups, respectively, was 0.14 ± 0.11 mm and 0.08 ± 0.09 mm. The 6-month change in SER was –0.18 ± 0.39 D in the MyopiaX group and –0.16 ± 0.41 D in DIMS participants. Among the 73 participants who used MyopiaX, including those randomized under the original study design (prior to introduction of an active control), there were 23 related AEs among the 16 participants (22%), including transient ocular discomfort and headache, all of which resolved without any need for treatment. Conclusions MyopiaX was safe and well tolerated over 12 months in treatment-naive children with myopia. This exploratory study provides the first clinical data on the impact of MyopiaX’s selective blue light stimulation on myopia progression and ocular growth. This novel approach may offer a complementary therapeutic solution for the clinical management of progressive myopia. Financial Disclosures Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
An analysis of rheological models for lahar modelling with Iber
(Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas, 2025) Sanz-Ramos, Marcos; Bladé, Ernest; Díez Herrero, Andrés; Vázquez Tarrio, Daniel; Garrote Revilla, Julio; Sánchez, Nieves; Galindo, Ines
Lahars are destructive volcanic debris flows, composed of water and pyroclastic material, capable of traveling long distances at high velocities. Modelling their dynamics is critical for hazard assessment and risk mitigation, yet it remains complex due to factors such as parameter uncertainty, limited calibration data, and variable terrain topography. Current modelling approaches range from empirical methods to advanced depth-averaged numerical simulations, where flow resistance is typically represented through rheological models. Common formulations include the Manning equation, Voellmy friction model, and Bingham plastic rheology, each capturing different aspects of non-Newtonian flow behaviour. This study evaluates the performance of several rheological models in reconstructing the 2001 lahar event at Popocatépetl volcano (Mexico) using the enhanced non-Newtonian module of the Iber hydrodynamic modelling tool (Iber-NNF). Results show that model choice significantly affects simulation accuracy. Manning-like models performed poorly, highlighting the limitations of velocity-dependent resistance terms in capturing static flow behaviour.
A time-space Bayesian regression model of rabies cases in the animal population of Kazakhstan (2013–2023)
(Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 2025) Gómez Buendía, Alberto; Yessembekova, Gulzhan; Kadyrov, Ablaikhan; Mukhanbetkaliyev, Yersyn; Cerviño-Luridiana, Eva; Álvarez Sánchez, Julio; Perez, Andres M.; Abdrakhmanov, Sarsenbay K.
Introduction: Despite its endemic status and socioeconomic impacts, the spatial-temporal variation in rabies risk and its underlying determinants in Kazakhstan animal populations remain poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the time-space dynamics of rabies in animal populations across Kazakhstan regions from 2013 to 2023 and identify the key drivers of transmission. Methods:Using a Bayesian hierarchical regression model with spatial and temporal random effects, we analyzed national surveillance data on rabies cases in livestock, companion animals, and wildlife, alongside sociodemographic and animal population variables. Results:The model revealed that higher median income (odds ratio [OR]: 1.18, 95% posterior predictive interval [PPI]: 1.06–1.31), the presence of rabies in wildlife (OR: 1.55, 95% PPI: 1.27–1.89), and companion animal rabies incidence (low: 1–5 cases/year, OR: 1.39, 95% PPI: 1.06–1.85; high: ≥6 cases/year, OR: 2.07, 95% PPI: 1.46–2.96) were associated with increased livestock rabies risk, while higher human population density correlated with reduced risk (OR: 0.68, 95% PPI: 0.5–0.9). Spatial analysis identified persistent high-risk zones in western Kazakhstan and lower risk in southern regions, driven by ecological and socioeconomic heterogeneity. Discussion:These findings highlight the relationship between wildlife reservoirs, domestic animal management, and socioeconomic factors in rabies transmission in Kazakhstan. By integrating these insights into national policy, Kazakhstan can advance toward the global target of eliminating dog-mediated human rabies deaths by 2030, serving as a model for Central Asia.
Genética de la liberación de mercaptanos polifuncionales
(Acenología, 2025) Ruiz Ruiz, Javier; Vicente Sánchez, Javier; Marquina Díaz, Domingo; Santos de la Sen, Antonio; Belda Aguilar, Ignacio
Los mercaptanos polifuncionales, como los tioles varietales, son compuestos clave en el perfil aromático de vinos blancos. Estos compuestos, asociados a aromas tropicales y herbáceos, se encuentran en las uvas en forma de precursores no volátiles que requieren la acción enzimática de levaduras durante la fermentación para liberar la fracción volátil y, en consecuencia, los aromas asociados. Factores como la variedad de uva, las prácticas vitícolas y las condiciones ambientales influyen directamente en la cantidad de precursores disponibles y en su transformación en aromas volátiles durante la vinificación. El metabolismo de las levaduras, en particular su capacidad para internalizar y procesar estos precursores es fundamental para determinar el contenido final de tioles en el vino. Variaciones genéticas entre levaduras y diferencias en las prácticas enológicas pueden potenciar o limitar la liberación de estos compuestos aromáticos. Estrategias biotecnológicas, como la selección de cepas con rasgos genéticos determinados o su modificación mediante técnicas de mejora genética, han demostrado su eficacia para incrementar la concentración de tioles en los vinos. Además, el uso de consorcios microbianos y nuevas tecnologías como la biología sintética ofrecen perspectivas prometedoras para mejorar la producción de tioles, manteniendo un balance óptimo entre capacidad fermentativa y generación de aromas. A medida que la industria enfrenta desafíos como el cambio climático y los cambios en las preferencias del consumidor, el desarrollo de estas soluciones innovadoras promete una mejora significativa en la calidad sensorial de los vinos
Political Corruption and the End of two-party system after the May 2015 Spanish Regional Elections
(Regional & Federal Studies, 2015) Gómez Fortes, Braulio; Urquizu Sancho, Ignacio
The autonomous elections held on 25 May 2015 took place simultaneously in 13 of the 17 Spanish autonomous communities (CCAA), leading to the most profound change in the autonomous party system seen in Spain in the last 20 years. A significant number of Spanish citizens hold the two main parties—the PP and the PSOE—responsible for being unable to solve their economic problems and for having pursued their austerity policies and containment of social expenditure to the extent of giving rise to the greatest inequality experienced in Spanish society in history. Furthermore, and as important as the economic crisis, support for the new parties, Podemos and Ciudadanos, has been linked to the emergence in Spanish public debate of party regeneration and the corruption scandals that tainted the main parties and most institutions in the years prior to the elections on 25 May 2015.
Assessing the effect of late-season fertilization on Holm oak plant quality: insights from morpho–nutritional characterizations and water relations parameters
(New Forests, 2013) Andivia Muñoz, Enrique; Fernández, Manuel; Vázquez-Piqué, Javier
Forest restoration projects with Holm oak (Quercus ilex) have had limited success, mostly due to water stress after planting and poor plant quality. Recent studies indicated that large and nutrient rich plants perform better in Mediterranean areas, suggesting that late-season fertilization may improve plant quality and field performance. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of late-season fertilization on the quality of Holm oak seedlings, as determined by morphological, nutritional, and water relations analyses. We grew Holm oak nursery seedlings under 5 different late-season fertilization regimes and then analyzed morphological characteristics, nutritional status, and water relations parameters of the fertilization groups at the end of the nursery period. We also analyzed the effect of fertilization on nutritional status by use of vector nomograms. Our results indicated that late-season NPK fertilization improved shoot and root growth, and the overall nutritional status of seedlings. The lack of late-season fertilization leads to nutrient deficiency in plants, whilst the application of imbalanced fertilization treatments may trigger nutrient luxury consumption and nutrient dilution, pointing out the importance of NPK proportions in the fertilizer. Moreover, late-season fertilization with nitrogen might improve the drought resistance of seedling by enhancing their osmotic adjustment.
El fondo de Dolores Franco Manera (1912‐1977)
(Pecia Complutense. Boletín de la Biblioteca Histórica, 2025) Pérez Montes, Mercedes
El artículo presenta el fondo personal de Dolores Franco Manera (1911‐2002), profesora, traductora y escritora, y mujer de Julián Marías. Los fondos del matrimonio ingresaron formalmente en la Biblioteca Histórica Marqués de Valdecilla en enero de 2023, tras la firma del acuerdo de donación entre sus hijos (Miguel, Fernando, Javier y Álvaro Marías Franco) y la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. La documentación de Dolores, fechada entre 1902 y 1999, suma casi una treintena de unidades de instalación, en las que predominan su correspondencia personal (incluida la enviada a Marías) y los apuntes de clases y conferencias, fundamentalmente pronunciadas por su marido, pero también por otros pensadores. Comprende, asimismo, documentación gráfica y documentación de carácter privado, académica y administrativa, sin embargo, no se ha identificado ningún manuscrito original de la obra de Dolores, más allá de varios trabajos académicos menores de su etapa universitaria; el fondo incluye también algunos documentos sueltos de otros miembros de su familia.
El reencuentro de las dos partes de un libro dividido
(Pecia Complutense. Boletín de la Biblioteca Histórica, 2025) Delgado Jiménez, Azahara
Debido a los diversos avatares históricos, algunos ejemplares de la Biblioteca Histórica Marques de Valdecilla de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid han perdido la encuadernación y se encuentran separados en volúmenes diferentes. La preservación de estos ejemplares desmembrados y desencuadernados es compleja ya que su estado de conservación es delicado. El siguiente artículo describe el estudio y la intervención llevado a cabo en el Departamento de Conservación de la Biblioteca Histórica en una obra separada en dos partes que, finalmente, han sido intervenidas, con el objetivo de reunificar los dos bloques separados y garantizar la integridad, estabilidad y conservación del documento.
Benito Vera Vega: encuadernador madrileño del siglo XX
(Pecia Complutense. Boletín de la Biblioteca Histórica, 2025) Patón García, Lorena
Este artículo parte de una investigación doctoral sobre la vida y trayectoria profesional del encuadernador Benito Vera Vega, (1923‐2009), centrándose en las encuadernaciones realizadas por encargo del bibliófilo Antonio Rodríguez‐Moñino, las cuales se conservan actualmente en el fondo donado por él y su esposa, María Brey, a la Real Academia Española. Para ello, se realiza un exhaustivo análisis documental que parte de la recopilación y transcripción de las facturas conservadas que constituyen la base para la identificación y contextualización de las obras encuadernadas. Una vez obtenida la información, se establece una correlación entre los registros del OPAC y los catálogos físicos de la RAE. A continuación, los ejemplares son digitalizados y analizados exhaustivamente, registrando los aspectos materiales, las técnicas de encuadernación y los motivos decorativos propios de su taller. El resultado muestra una aproximación a la producción de Benito Vera y su posición en el ámbito de la encuadernación y coleccionismo bibliófilo, contribuyendo al conocimiento de la encuadernación del siglo XX.
Este libro es mío. La heráldica como elemento distintivo en la producción del libro antiguo. Novedades de investigación
(Pecia Complutense. Boletín de la Biblioteca Histórica, 2025) Francisco Olmos, José María de; Carpallo Bautista, Antonio
Dentro de los trabajos llevados a cabo para la realización de la exposición Este libro es mío. La heráldica como elemento distintivo en la producción del libro antiguo (inaugurada en la Biblioteca Histórica de la UCM en septiembre de 2025), donde se tratan ejemplares realizados desde finales del siglo XV hasta 1700, se han revisado un importante número de libros, aunque al final todos no han podido ser expuestos. En este pequeño trabajo vamos a destacar algunas de las novedades en procedencias, identificación de propietarios y dataciones que hemos descubierto.
Sickle bush (Dichrostachys cinerea L.) field performance and physical–chemical property assessment for energy purposes
(Biomass and Bioenergy, 2015) Fernández, M.; García-Albalá, J.; Andivia Muñoz, Enrique; Alaejos, J.; Tapias, R.; Menéndez, J.
The sickle bush (Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn.) comprises a woody legume shrub which is widely distributed throughout of the tropical areas of Africa, Asia and Oceania, being found as well in Cuba where it represents a difficult to control invasive plant. It holds great silvopasture and energy crop potentials. In southwestern Spain a two year field trial was conducted contemplating also another six hardwood taxa commonly used as energy crops. The sickle bush above ground dry biomass fraction was 60.4%; sickle bush displayed a high transpiration rate during hot days (3.02 kg m−2 d−1 to 6.82 kg m−2 d−1); cold winter temperatures (<−2 °C) together with hot and dry summer air (<20% relative humidity) committed survival and growth. The physical-chemical wood properties and the pellets thereof derived were analyzed and compared to those of the other energy crop taxa. The within other woody species normal chemical composition range coupled to a high wood density and energetic use properties (19.2 MJ kg−1 higher heating value, 29 g kg−1 ash content) all allow for an industrial use. Pellets evidenced also good physical and mechanical properties (690 kg m−3 bulk density, 42 g kg−1 moisture content). However, the mechanical durability (93.9%) was slightly less than that required by the non-industrial use standards, therefore further improvements should be studied. All of the above could encourage scrubland cuts in Cuba as a mechanical control method, in addition to the expansion of plantations within of their tropical climate based natural habitats.
La transformación digital de la televisión pública. Estudio de caso de RTVE, Rai y RTP1.
(Estudios sobre el mensaje periodístico, 2024) Real Rodríguez, Elena; Príncipe Hermoso, Sergio; Agudiez Calvo, María Del Pinar
La televisión pública ha de usar la comunicación para contribuir al desarrollo de los valores democráticos de los países. Este servicio público se ha visto fuertemente condicionado con los cambios sociales, tecnológicos y económicos. La digitalización ha desarrollado un nuevo escenario donde la televisión pública debe encontrar fórmulas para dar continuidad a su misión esencial. Este artículo se centra en las televisiones públicas nacionales de España, Italia y Portugal. ¿Qué han hecho RTVE, Rai y RTP para adaptarse a la realidad digital en la última década, especialmente en los tres últimos años? Para conocer esa adaptación, y si se alinea con los ejes de la Estrategia Digital Europea, se emplea un enfoque mayoritariamente cualitativo que combina la observación indirecta de las webs y aplicaciones móviles de las televisiones con el análisis de los documentos que a través de su canal de transparencia ponen a disposición las propias corporaciones públicas.

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