Artículos

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://docta.ucm.es/handle/20.500.14352/15

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El papel de las redes sociales en la campaña electoral de los principales candidatos municipales y autonómicos madrileños en 2011
(Prisma Social: Revista de Investigación Social, 2015) Fernández Muñoz, Cristóbal; Arceo Vacas, Alfredo
La campaña electoral en la Comunidad de Madrid y el Ayuntamiento de Madrid en 2011 fue la primera en la historia de la Comunidad Autónoma y el Municipio en la que los candidatos realizaron un uso de las nuevas herramientas digitales de comunicación social. El objeto de este artículo es aportar un análisis desde el punto de vista de la comunicación, sobre el empleo de estas nuevas herramientas digitales dentro de la estrategia de comunicación y relaciones públicas pues constituyeron un buen reflejo de la propia estrategia de cada candidato. Se observaron notables diferencias entre los contrincantes, siendo Esperanza Aguirre la que destacó sobre el resto en todos los frentes. La candidata del PP fue la más activa tanto en Facebook como en Twitter y Youtube. La comunicación digital se ha tornado esencial a la hora de explicar los éxitos y fracasos de los candidatos en comunicación política, por lo que de cara a nuevas citas electorales las lecciones aprendidas en este terreno no deberían ser descuidadas por los candidatos.
Reflexiones sobre la comunicación de crisis
(Revista Universitaria de Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas, 2000) Arceo Vacas, Alfredo
Asume tu crisis. Investiga, trabaja, responsabilizate y asume tu crisis. El público no ha vertido productos tóxicos en el rio, no ha provocado la abstención para una fuerza política en un proceso electoral, no ha puesto un submarino nuclear averiado en las aguas del mar, no produce alteraciones en la salud al consumir tal carne o tal bebida, no genera bolsas de marginados, no causa agujeros en la capa de ozono, no hace que las acciones de una empresa caigan en picado, etc.
Contexto de Percepción Generado en Twitter Para los Debates Electorales Españoles de Diciembre de 2015 y Junio de 2016: Tratamiento de los Factores de Credibilidad por los Candidatos
(Perspectivas de la Comunicación, 2020) Arceo Vacas, Alfredo; Barberá González, Rafael; Álvarez Sánchez, Sergio
Como red social, Twitter ha generado una nueva forma de consumir debates electorales; mediante el fenómeno de la doble pantalla, los espectadores sintonizan el debate mientras atienden a los comentarios. Así, el contexto creado en Twitter impacta en la credibilidad de los candidatos. Credibilidad, atractivo y poder constituyen los tres factores de la imagen en comunicación política; la credibilidad se compone a su vez de tres subfactores: conocimiento experto, la fiabilidad ética y eficacia social. La presente investigación describe los contextos de credibilidad perseguidos en Twitter por los cuatro principales candidatos a la presidencia del Gobierno español para las elecciones generales de 2015 y 2016. También se analiza la evolución de los factores de credibilidad, tomando como referencias el debate entre Mariano Rajoy y Pedro Sánchez de diciembre de 2015; y el mantenido entre los cuatro aspirantes, en junio de 2016. Asimismo, se exploran los marcos de percepción del público joven sobre la credibilidad de los candidatos en debates. Mediante el estudio de encuestas, la realización de grupos de discusión y el análisis de contenido de los perfiles en Twitter de los candidatos, se ha definido el contexto de percepción. Además, los análisis de contenido han recogido las variables empleadas por los candidatos para resultar creíbles. Mientras todos intentaban transmitir eficacia social, dicho subfactor fue el menos reconocido por los públicos. La celebración de los debates apenas cambió las prácticas en redes, pero la naturalidad de Mariano Rajoy en ellos resultó más creíble que los esfuerzos artificiales de sus adversarios.
Factors associated with videogame abuse among adolescent women
(Adicciones, 2025) Bernaldo De Quirós Aragón, Mónica; Herrera Baños, Lucía; Sánchez Iglesias, Iván; Fernández Arias, Ignacio Gabino; Estupiñá Puig, Francisco José; Labrador Méndez, Marta Isabel; Vallejo Achón, Marina; Labrador Encinas, Francisco Javier
Playing video games can become a problem behavior. The factors associated with this transition have been widely studied in males, while among females it is a field that has not yet been sufficiently addressed. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of problematic video game use in adolescent females and the associated risk factors. Specifically, to analyze the predictive potential of videogaming habits, psychopathological symptomatology and maladaptive gaming cognitions. A sample of 536 females (12-17 years old) (M= 13.91; SD= 1.57) was obtained by stratified random sampling from educational centers in the Community of Madrid, to whom the Gamertest, an online expert system to assess problematic video game use, was administered. 2.8% of the adolescent girls had a problematic video game use, and only 0.7% had an Internet Gaming Disorder. The main predictive variables identified were: cognitions related to compulsion and preoccupation, average number of gaming days per week and anxious symptomatology. The results obtained are in addition to the few studies carried out in women and highlight the need to pay special attention to the maladaptive gaming cognitions in the prevention and treatment of these problems.
High temporal variability not trend dominates Mediterranean precipitation
(Nature, 2025) Vicente-Serrano, Sergio M.; Tramblay, Yves; Reig, Fergus; González-Hidalgo, José C.; Potopová, Vera; Beguería, Santiago; García Herrera, Ricardo Francisco; Barriopedro Cepero, David; Garrido Pérez, José Manuel; Brunetti, Michele
State-of-the-art climate models project a substantial decline in precipitation for the Mediterranean region in the future1. Supporting this notion, several studies based on observed precipitation data spanning recent decades have suggested a decrease in Mediterranean precipitation2–4, with some attributing a large fraction of this change to anthropogenic influences3,5. Conversely, certain researchers have underlined that Mediterranean precipitation exhibits considerable spatiotemporal variability driven by atmospheric circulation patterns6,7 maintaining stationarity over the long term8,9. These conflicting perspectives underscore the need for a comprehensive assessment of precipitation changes in this region, given the profound social, economic and environmental implications. Here we show that Mediterranean precipitation has largely remained stationary from 1871 to 2020, albeit with significant multi-decadal and interannual variability. This conclusion is based on the most comprehensive dataset available for the region, encompassing over 23,000 stations across 27 countries. While trends can be identified for some periods and subregions, our findings attribute these trends primarily to atmospheric dynamics, which would be mostly linked to internal variability. Furthermore, our assessment reconciles the observed precipitation trends with Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 model simulations, neither of which indicate a prevailing past precipitation trend in the region. The implications of our results extend to environmental, agricultural and water resources planning in one of the world’s prominent climate change hotspots10.
Transnational readings in the Trumpocene: Kim Stanley Robinson’s “New York 2140” and Chris Beckett’s “America City”
(Open Research Europe, 2025) Resano Fantino, Dolores
ABSTRACT: This article discusses two climate fiction novels—one British, one American—that were written in the runup to two major political events on either side of the Atlantic in 2016—the Brexit referendum and the first election of Donald Trump to the US presidency—and considers how their focus on a future climate emergency serves as an apt reflection on the mutual reinforcements of neoliberalism, precarization, and far-right populism. By looking at these two novels together through the lens of the Capitalocene (Moore), the Trumpocene (Colebrook) and the “critical utopia” (Moylan), I consider how the future climate catastrophes that these novels imagine can also serve to highlight the deep political implications of an advancing sense of precariousness as a result of climate exposure. As Newell suggests, climate catastrophes are equally likely “to be used as opportunities to advance and entrench socially regressive forms of politics and unsustainable trajectories […] as inspire forms of ‘disaster collectivism,’ where acts of community and solidarity flourish” (Newell, 2020: 157). As novels that are deeply concerned with the politics of the present, I consider how Robinson’s and Beckett’s novels are inspired by different utopian inflections that, nonetheless, lead to similar diagnoses: that the worst effects of climate change are inevitable because humanity seems bent on its current trajectory. In doing so they showcase the potential of near-future science fiction to make legible the immediate political, social and environmental implications of ongoing climate change
Adaptive immunity modulation linked to migratory behaviour in two partially migratory hoopoe Upupa epops populations
(Journal of Avian Biology, 2025) Palacios López, María Merce; Martín Gálvez, David; Pulido Delgado, Francisco; Dolores Barón, María; Arriero Higueras, Elena
Ecophysiology has enhanced our understanding of avian migration, yet many aspects of how these processes interrelate are still unclear. Partially migratory populations provide an ideal framework for its study in the wild, since resident and migratory individuals coexist temporarily in the same area and face similar selection pressures. We focused on two Iberian populations of Eurasian hoopoe Upupa epops, a trans-Saharan long-distance migrant, to explore the links between the immune system and migratory behaviour. We determined the migratory status of individual hoopoes using stable isotope analysis of deuterium (2H) and measured a number of immunological parameters, including estimates of innate and adaptive immunity, as well as body condition, and muscle and fat stores. Our results indicate that resident hoopoes had higher IgY levels and higher muscle and fat stores compared to migrants during the breeding season. Moreover, we found seasonal variation in leukocyte profiles of resident birds, with higher heterophil/lymphocyte (H/L) ratios in winter than during the breeding season. We observed significantly higher H/L ratios and complement activity in resident males than in resident females, but not within migratory birds. Overall, we show differences in immune response linked to migratory behaviour in partial migratory populations. This study contributes to unraveling the associations between physiological status and migratory behaviour and ultimately helps to understand how different migratory strategies are maintained in partially migratory populations.
La iglesia del conventual Santiaguista de Calera de León
(Revista de Estudios Extremeños, 1992) Pérez Monzón, María Olga; Frontón Simón, Isabel; Pérez Carrasco, Francisco Javier; Ruiz Mateos, Aurora
Regularity and explicit L∞ estimates for a class of nonlinear elliptic systems
(2025) Chhetri, Maya; Mavinga, Nsoki; Pardo San Gil, Rosa María
We use De Giorgi-Nash-Moser iteration scheme to establish that weak solutions to a coupled system of elliptic equations with critical growth on the boundary are in L∞(Ω). Moreover, we provide an explicit L∞(Ω)- estimate of weak solutions with subcritical growth on the boundary, in terms of powers of H1(Ω)-norms, by combining the elliptic regularity of weak solutions with Gagliardo--Nirenberg interpolation inequality.
El Castillo Sanjuanista de Consuegra
(Castillos de España, 1989) Pérez Monzón, María Olga
Monitoring Terrestrial Ecosystem Resilience Using Earth Observation Data: Identifying Consensus and Limitations Across Metrics
(Global Change Biology, 2025) Runge, Katharina; Tucker, Marlee; Crowther, Thomas W.; Fournier de Laurière, Camille; Guirado, Emilio; Bialic‐Murphy, Lalasia; Berdugo Vega, Miguel
Resilience is a key feature of ecosystem dynamics reflecting a system's ability to resist and recover from environmental perturbations. Slowing down in the rate of recovery has been used as an early-warning signal for abrupt transitions. Recent advances in Earth observation (EO) vegetation data provide the capability to capture broad-scale resilience patterns and identify regions experiencing resilience loss. However, the proliferation of methods for evaluating resilience using EO data has introduced significant uncertainty, leading to contradictory resilience estimates across approximately 73% of the Earth's land surface. To reconcile these perspectives, we review the range of methods and associated metrics that capture aspects of ecosystem resilience using EO data. Using a principal component analysis, we empirically test the relationships between the most widely used resilience metrics and explore emergent patterns within and among the world's biomes. Our analysis reveals that the 10 resilience metrics aggregate into four core components of ecosystem dynamics, highlighting the multidimensional nature of ecosystem resilience. We also find that ecosystems with slower recovery are more resistant to drought extremes. Furthermore, the relationships between resilience metrics vary across the world's biomes and vegetation types. These results illustrate the inherent differences in the dynamics of natural systems and highlight the need for careful consideration when evaluating broad-scale resilience patterns across biomes. Our findings provide valuable insights for identifying global resilience patterns, which are critically needed to inform policy decisions and guide conservation efforts globally.
Enantioselective photocatalytic synthesis of bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes as ortho-disubstituted benzene bioisosteres with improved biological activity
(Nature Chemistry, 2025) Garrido García, P.; Quirós, I.; Milán Rois, P.; Ortega Gutiérrez, Silvia; Martín-Fontecha Corrales, María Del Mar; Campos, L. A.; Somoza, A.; Fernández López, Israel; Rigotti, T.; Tortosa, M.
1,5-Disubstituted bicyclo[2.1.1]hexanes are bridged scaffolds with well-defined exit vectors that are becoming increasingly popular building blocks in medicinal chemistry because they are saturated bioisosteres of ortho-substituted phenyl rings. Here we have developed a Lewis-acid-catalysed [2 + 2] photocycloaddition to obtain these motifs as enantioenriched scaffolds, providing an efficient approach for their incorporation in a variety of drug analogues. Retention of the biological activity of the bicyclo[2.1.1]hexane-containing analogues in the specific proteins targeted by the original drugs has confirmed the suitability of this moiety to serve as a bioisostere of ortho-substituted phenyl rings. Moreover, we have studied the potential of the different enantiomers of the drug analogues to selectively induce cytotoxicity in a panel of tumour cell lines, observing markedly differential effects for the two enantiomers and a substantial improvement over the corresponding sp2-based drugs. This showcases that the control of the absolute configuration and tridimensionality of the drug analogue has a large impact on its biological properties.
A non‐fluorescent immunohistochemistry method for measuring autophagy flux using MAP1LC3/LC3 and SQSTM1 as core markers
(FEBS Open Bio, 2025) Shojaei, Shahla; Barzegar Behrooz, Amir; Cordani, Marco; Aghaei, Mahmoud; Azarpira, Negar; Klionsky, Daniel J.; Ghavami, Saeid
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a crucial cellular process for degrading and recycling damaged proteins and organelles, playing a significant role in diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration. Evaluating autophagy flux, which tracks autophagosome formation, maturation, and degradation, is essential for understanding disease mechanisms. Current fluorescence-based methods are resource-intensive, requiring advanced equipment and expertise, limiting their use in clinical laboratories. Here, we introduce a non-fluorescent immunohistochemistry (IHC) method using MAP1LC3/LC3 and SQSTM1 as core markers for autophagy flux assessment. LC3 levels reflect autophagosome formation, whereas SQSTM1 degradation and a decrease in the number of its puncta indicate active flux (i.e., lysosomal turnover). We optimized chromogenic detection using diaminobenzidine (DAB) staining and developed a scoring system based on puncta number and the percentage of stained cells. This accessible, cost-effective method enables reliable autophagy quantification using a standard light microscope, bridging the gap between experimental research and clinical diagnostics. Our protocol allows accurate autophagy evaluation in fixed tissues, offering practical applications in biomedical research and clinical pathology assessment.
La imagen del poder nobiliario en Castilla. El arte y las Órdenes Militares en el tardogótico
(Anuario de Estudios Medievales, 2007) Pérez Monzón, María Olga
El presente artículo analiza un elenco de obras artísticas —capillas funerarias, espacios palatinos, objetos litúrgicos y libros miniados- realizadas durante el siglo XV bajo el patrocinio de maestres y comendadores pertenecientes a las Órdenes de Calatrava y Santiago. El estudio de las mismas permite apreciar cómo estas dignidades, vinculadas a instituciones religiosas y militares, manifestaron unas idénticas preocupaciones artísticas a las de la aristocracia laica del momento.
Intermediate algebras of semialgebraic functions
(2025) Baro González, Elías; Fernando Galván, José Francisco; Gamboa Mutuberria, José Manuel
We characterize intermediate ℝ-algebras A between the ring of semialgebraic functions (X) and the ring ∗(X) of bounded semialgebraic functions on a semialgebraic set X as rings of fractions of (X). This allows us to compute the Krull dimension of A, the transcendence degree over ℝ of the residue fields of A and to obtain a Łojasiewicz inequality and a Nullstellensatz for archimedean ℝ-algebras A. In addition we study intermediate ℝ-algebras generated by proper ideals and we prove an extension theorem for functions in such ℝ-algebras.
Biotin/avidin-free sandwich aptamer-based lateral flow assay (ALFA) for the diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis
(Sensors & Diagnostics, 2025) Ibáñez Escribano, Alexandra; Justo, Christine Aubrey C.; Skouridou, Vasso; Cools, Piet; Mulinganya, Guy; O´Sullivan, Ciara K.
The development of low-cost, rapid point-of-care tests (POCT) for the detection of the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis is listed in the recent WHO global research priorities for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Aiming to contribute to this call and aid in ending STIs as a public health threat, we report the development of a DNA aptamer-based POCT for T. vaginalis. Herein, we report an aptamer-based lateral flow assay (ALFA) based on dual aptamers for the detection of T. vaginalis. This is the first report of an ALFA that does not rely on biotin/streptavidin for either capture or reporter molecule. Aptamer capture and recognition relies on the use of an UV-crosslinked aminated capture aptamer on the nitrocellulose membrane and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) functionalized with a thioctic acid-modified reporter aptamer. The developed ALFA has an estimated laboratory production cost of less than 1 € per test, with the running buffer and the ALFA strip stable for at least 1 year at room temperature (22 °C). The assay requires three simple operator steps from sample procurement to result with a 15-minute runtime. The developed ALFA can detect down to 1.6 × 105 T. vaginalis per mL and shows no cross-reactivity to common vaginal microorganisms and no matrix effect from clinical cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) samples is observed. Preliminary clinical evaluation using CVLs demonstrated that the assay has perfect concordance with wetmount assay on matching vaginal swabs. The developed rapid test offers a simple, stable, and low-cost diagnostic test for T. vaginalis.
Editorial: Structure and function of the immunological and redirecting artificial synapses and their clinical implications.
(Frontiers in Immunology, 2024) Izquierdo, Manuel; Ruiz Navarro, Javier; Baldari, Cosima T.; Roda Navarro, Pedro
Editorial: Cytoskeleton Dynamics as Master Regulator of Organelle Reorganization and Intracellular Signaling for Cell-Cell Competition.
(Frontiers in Cell and Developmental biology, 2021) Martín Cofreces, Noa B.; Sánchez Madrid, Francisco; Roda Navarro, Pedro
Trispecific T-cell engagers for dual tumor-targeting of colorectal cancer
(Oncoimmunology, 2022) Tapia Galisteo, Antonio; Aguilar Sopeña, Óscar; Narbona Corral, Javier; Lacadena García-Gallo, Francisco Javier; Roda Navarro, Pedro; Sanz, Laura
Retargeting of T lymphocytes toward cancer cells by bispecific antibodies has demonstrated its therapeutic potential, with one such antibody approved for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (blinatumomab) and several other in clinical trials. However, improvement of their efficacy and selectivity for solid tumors is still required. Here, we describe a novel tandem T-cell recruiting trispecific antibody for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). This construct, termed trispecific T-cell engager (TriTE), consists of a CD3-specific single-chain Fv (scFv) flanked by anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) single-domain V antibodies. The TriTE was well expressed in mammalian and yeast cells, bound the cognate antigens of the three parental antibodies, and enabled the specific cytolysis of EGFR- and/or EpCAM-expressing cancer cells, without inducing T cell activation and cytoxicity against double-negative (EGFREpCAM) cancer cells. Bivalent bispecific targeting of double-positive HCT116 cells by TriTE improved potency up to 100-fold compared to single-positive cells and significantly prolonged survival . In addition, it was less efficient at killing single-positive target cells than the corresponding bispecific controls, leading to potentially enhanced tumor specificity. Moreover, dual targeting of two tumor-associated antigens may contribute toward preventing the tumor escape by antigen loss caused by selective pressures from conventional single-targeting T-cell engagers, and may help to overcome antigenic heterogeneity.
A cb-Bohnenblust–Hille inequality with constant one and its applications in learning theory
(Mathematische Annalen, 2025) Arunachalam, Srinivasan; Dutt, Arkopal; Escudero Gutiérrez, Francisco; Palazuelos Cabezón, Carlos
The main result of this work shows that Bohnenblust–Hille inequality for m-homogeneous polynomials holds with constant one when the infinity norm is replaced by the completely bounded norm. Moreover, we show that this inequality finds some interesting consequences in quantum learning theory. In the second part of this paper, we broaden our investigation of the Bohnenblust–Hille inequality to other contexts. In particular, we extend recent results by Volberg and Zhang, demonstrating its applicability within a framework we have termed “Learning Low-Degree Quantum Objects”.

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