Artículos

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://docta.ucm.es/handle/20.500.14352/15

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The Wigner formalism on black hole geometries
(The European Physical Journal C, 2025) Ruiz Cembranos, José Alberto; García García, David
This work explores the intersection of quantum mechanics and curved spacetime by employing the Wigner formalism to investigate quantum systems in the vicinity of black holes. Specifically, we study the quantum dynamics of a probe particle bound to a Schwarzschild black hole using a phase-space representation of quantum mechanics. The analysis begins with a review of the covariant Wigner function in curved spacetime, highlighting its application to spherically symmetric, uncharged black holes. We then derive an effective potential from the Schwarzschild metric, which defines the Hamiltonian for the electron. Relativistic corrections are treated perturbatively to estimate energy levels and associated Wigner functions for the bound state. Additionally, we compare the results obtained through the Schr & ouml;dinger equation with those derived directly using the symplectic formalism, demonstrating the consistency and versatility of the phase-space approach. The study sheds light on quantum behavior near black holes and suggests new avenues for combining quantum kinetic theory with relativistic gravitational settings.
A mutation responsible for impaired detection by the Xpert SARS-CoV-2 assay independently emerged in different lineages during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
(BMC Microbiology, 2023) Peñas-Utrilla, Daniel; Sanz, Amadeo; Catalán Alonso, Pilar; Veintimilla, Cristina; Alcalá, Luis; Alonso Fernández, Roberto Alfonso; Muñoz García, Patricia Carmen; Pérez-Lago, Laura; García de Viedma, Darío
Background COVID-19 diagnosis lies on the detection of SARS-CoV-2 on nasopharyngeal specimens by RT-PCR. The Xpert-Xpress SARS-CoV-2 assay provides results in less than one hour from specimen reception, which makes it suitable for clinical/epidemiological circumstances that require faster responses. The analysis of a COVID-19 outbreak suspected in the neonatology ward from our institution showed that the Ct values obtained for the targeted genes in the Xpert assay were markedly different within each specimen (N Ct value > 20 cycles above the E Ct value). Results We identified the mutation C29200T in the N gene as responsible for an impairment in the N gene amplification by performing whole genome sequencing of the specimens involved in the outbreak (Omicron variant). Subsequently, a retrospective analysis of all specimens sequenced in our institution allowed us to identify the same SNP as responsible for similar impairments in another 12 cases (42% of the total cases reported in the literature). Finally, we found that the same SNP emerged in five different lineages independently, throughout almost all the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions We demonstrated for the first time the impact of this SNP on the Xpert assay, when harbored by new Omicron variants. We extend our observation period throughout almost all the COVID-19 pandemic, offering the most updated observations of this phenomenon, including sequences from the seventh pandemic wave, until now absent in the reports related to this issue. Continuous monitoring of emerging SNPs that could affect the performance of the most commonly used diagnostic tests, is required to redesign the tests to restore their correct performance.
Synergistic applications of cyclodextrin-based systems and metal–organic frameworks in transdermal drug delivery for skin cancer therapy
(Journal of Materials Chemistry B, 2024) Scattolin, Thomas; Tonon, Giovanni; Botter, Eleonora; Canale, Viviana Claudia; Hasanzadeh, Mahdi; Cuscela, Denise Maria; Buschini, Annamaria; Zarepour, Atefeh; Khosravi, Arezoo; Cordani, Marco; Rizzolio, Flavio; Zarrabi, Ali
This review article explores the innovative field of eco-friendly cyclodextrin-based coordination polymers and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for transdermal drug delivery in the case of skin cancer therapy. We critically examine the significant advancements in developing these nanocarriers, with a focus on their unique properties such as biocompatibility, targeted drug release, and enhanced skin permeability. These attributes are instrumental in addressing the limitations inherent in traditional skin cancer treatments and represent a paradigm shift towards more effective and patient-friendly therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges faced in optimizing the synthesis process for large-scale production while ensuring environmental sustainability. The review also emphasizes the immense potential for clinical applications of these nanocarriers in skin cancer therapy, highlighting their role in facilitating targeted, controlled drug release which minimizes systemic side effects. Future clinical applications could see these nanocarriers being customized to individual patient profiles, potentially revolutionizing personalized medicine in oncology. With further research and clinical trials, these nanocarriers hold the promise of transforming the landscape of skin cancer treatment. With this study, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of research in this field and outline future directions for advancing the development and clinical application of these innovative nanocarriers.
Power profiling-guided floorplanner for 3D multi-processor systems-on-chip
(IET Circuits, Devices & Systems, 2012) Arnaldo, Ignacio; Higalgo, J. Ignacio; Risco Martín, José Luis; Ayala Rodrigo, José Luis
Three-dimensional (3D) integration has become one of the most promising techniques for the development of future multi-core processors, since it improves performance and reduces power consumption by decreasing global wire length. However, 3D integration causes serious thermal problems because the closer proximity of heat generating dies makes existing thermal hotspots more severe. Thermal-aware ﬂoorplanners can play an important role to improve the thermal proﬁle, but they have failed in considering the dynamic power proﬁles of the applications. This study proposes a novel thermal-aware ﬂoorplanner guided by the power proﬁling of a set of benchmarks that are representative of the application scope. The results show how our approach outperforms the thermal metrics as compared with the worst-case scenario usually considered in ‘traditional’ thermal-aware ﬂoorplanners.
Nanotubos quirales colapsados: ángulos máxicos e moirés nunha dimensión
(Díxitos, 2023) Arroyo Gascón, Olga; Chico Gómez, Leonor María
Simulamos en CESGA nanotubos dun diámetro grande, superior a 4-5 nm, que poden colapsarse, isto é, esmagarse quedando en forma de cinta.
Responsabilidad por los cuidados
(Bajo Palabra, 2022) Ausín Díez, Txetxu; Triviño Caballero, Rosana
Este trabajo pretende mostrar, por un lado, la necesidad de priorizar los cuida-dos como necesidad básica para el sostenimiento de la vida y la sociedad; por otro lado, el desigual reparto entre quienes proporcionan y quienes reciben esos cuidados, basado, fundamentalmente, en el sistema sexo-género. Para ello, se aplica el marco teórico de la ética del cuidado y se proporcionan argumentos y datos empíricos acerca de las consecuencias que tienen sobre las mujeres circunstancias como la maternidad, la crianza o el cuidado de personas en situación de de-pendencia.
Integration of 3D-Printed Micromixers and Spray Drying for Pulmonary Delivery of Antimicrobial Microparticles
(International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2025) Raposo González, Rafaela; González Burgos, Elena María; Serrano López, Dolores Remedios; Brayan J. Anaya; Aytug Kara; Tirado, Diego F.; Lalatsa, A.
Pulmonary drug delivery is crucial for treating respiratory diseases, requiring precise particle engineering for optimal therapeutic efficacy. This study demonstrates a novel integration of 3D-printed microfluidic micromixers with spray drying technology to produce inhalable azithromycin (AZM) microparticles targeting lung delivery. The formulation demonstrated effective deep lung deposition at both 30 L/min and 60 L/min flow rates. At 30 L/ min, AZM-loaded microparticles achieved enhanced performance with 1.2-fold higher Fine Particle Fraction (FPF) < 5 µm and 1.4-fold higher FPF < 3 µm compared to 60 L/min. Microparticles (25 mg) can deliver an efficacious dose of AZM to the lung, exceeding the reported epidemiological cut-off for Haemophilus influenzae (4mg/L) by approximately five-fold while maintaining high human bronchial epithelial cell viability (> 94 %). The antibacterial efficacy against H. influenzae was confirmed, demonstrating the therapeutic potential against lung pathogens. The successful deep lung deposition at both air flow rates reflects the robustness of the formulation design, making it suitable for diverse patient populations with varying inspiratory capabilities, including children and elderly patients.
Open innovation and sustainable development: a micro and macroeconomic analysis using a mixed method research with pls-sem-nca and delphi
(International Journal of Information Management, 2025) Galindo Martín, Miguel Ángel; Méndez Picazo, María Teresa; Pérez Pujol, Rafael Sergio
Open innovation is increasingly studied as a driver of sustainable development. Policymakers must understand how these variables are related and the factors improving the environment in which open innovation develops. Therefore, this research aims to analyse the relationship between open innovation and sustainable development and determine the impact of different factors on open innovation. This study considers human capital, institutional business facilities, and market opportunities. A mixed-research method is used in two complementary studies. Study 1 considers macroeconomic data and applies a structural equation model through partial least squares and necessary condition analysis. Based on the results of Study 1, a qualitative approach is adopted in Study 2, using a Delphi adapted to experts to better understand the results at the micro level. The results are useful for policymakers to establish an integrated decision-making framework stemming from integrating both micro- and macro-level information.
Is the practicum an efficient process for the development of competences of future teachers? : an approach from the perspective of professional socialisation
(International Journal of Educational Research, 2025) Gil-Madrona, Pedro; Zapatero Ayuso, Jorge Agustín; Díaz-Carretero, Azahara
The Practicum represents a pivotal stage in the development of future teachers' competences, which are shaped by a multitude of factors, including professional socialisation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Practicum in training Early Childhood Education (3–6 years) and Primary Education (6–12 years) teachers at a university institution, with specific consideration of the impact of professional socialisation. A qualitative methodology was employed. A total of 95 participants (students, graduates, tutors, and other relevant individuals) participated in a range of data collection activities, including 33 interviews, 5 discussion groups, 22 life stories, and 7 memories/practice diaries. The data were subjected to qualitative processing using the Atlas.ti software. The results demonstrated a favourable evaluation of the Practicum, underscoring the significance of the relationship with the school tutor. Effective strategies were identified, including fostering a sense of belonging and transferring trust and autonomy. However, there was a perceived need for enhanced coordination between tutors.
Ciego, sordo y mudo: el sistema sanitario ante la objeción de conciencia al aborto
(Quaderns de Filosofia, 2022) Triviño Caballero, Rosana
A la luz de la obra de Fernando Broncano, Conocimiento expropiado (2020), este trabajo plantea la objeción de conciencia generalizada al aborto como un fenómeno que origina situaciones de injusticia epistémica. El acceso a la información, el disvalor del testimonio de las mujeres y el silencio cómplice, individual e institucional, perpetuador de la ignorancia sistémica son realidades que afectan a un número indeterminado de mujeres que requiere la interrupción de su embarazo. Para hacer frente al daño generado, se plantea cómo las redes y movimientos pro-elección distribuyen información y recursos sobre el aborto fuera del ámbito clínico y se organizan como fuerzas de resistencia epistémica, capaces de crear y compartir conocimiento en un ejercicio de democracia radical, en el sentido expresado por Broncano.
Por una salud pública feminista, otra lectura sobre la pandemia
(Revista Española de Salud Pública, 2022) Parra Jounou, Iris; Triviño Caballero, Rosana; Martínez López, Mª Victoria
Las teóricas de las éticas y políticas del cuidado, con sus análisis en clave feminista e interseccional, llevan décadas intentando dejar huella en la práctica clínica y en las estructuras políticas . En ellas, se requieren amplios procesos de humanización de la relación entre profesionales y personas que necesitan su atención, sin dejar de lado las desigualdades por motivos de género, clase social o pertenencia a colectivos vulnerables minoritarios que atraviesan las vivencias de salud y enfermedad en la sociedad. Es evidente que nuestras instituciones deben ser ampliamente repensadas en sus fundamentos; desde las residencias de ancianos a las UCI altamente tecnologizadas; desde la saturación de la atención primaria a la falta de personal especializado. En ámbitos como la enfermería se hace gran hincapié en los modelos basados en la interdependencia y el contexto particular para generar otro marco de asistencia, a la vez que se lucha por las jerarquías e invisibilidades relacionadas con las profesiones altamente feminizadas. No en vano las reflexiones que siguen las firman tres mujeres con perfiles híbridos que hemos dedicado parte de nuestra vida laboral al ámbito de la atención primaria y hospitalaria (tanto en enfermería como en fisioterapia) y, a su vez, a la investigación y la docencia en bioética, filosofía y humanidades. Hemos vivido en nuestras carnes las contradicciones entre una voluntad de servicio y unos ejes de opresión connaturales a las
Griegos ante el Santo Oficio : tipología de delitos y penas
(Revista de la Inquisición : Intolerancia y Derechos Humanos, 2023) Floristán Imízcoz, José Manuel
RESUMEN: Panorámica general de las noticias conservadas sobre la comparecencia de griegos ante los tribunales de la Inquisición española. Delito de apostasía: penas, cifras de penados y casos concretos. Delito de proposiciones heréticas: creación de un corpus de jurisprudencia a partir de procesos individuales destacados (Manuel Accidas, Atanasio Rasia, libros litúrgicos de las comunidades griegas, Hilarión Cuculis). Otros delitos: magia y sortilegio, bestialismo, blasfemia, falsedad y burla.
Nobody’s land? The oldest evidence of early Upper Paleolithic settlements in inland Iberia
(Science Advances, 2024) Sala Burgos, Nohem; Alcaraz Castaño, Manuel; Arriolabengoa, Martín; Martínez Pillado, Virginia; Pantoja Pérez, Ana; Rodríguez Hidalgo, Antonio; Téllez, Edgar; Cubas Morera, Miriam; Castillo, Samuel; Pablos Fernández, Adrián
The Iberian Peninsula is a key region for unraveling human settlement histories of Eurasia during the period spanning the decline of Neandertals and the emergence of anatomically modern humans (AMH). There is no evidence of human occupation in central Iberia after the disappearance of Neandertals ~42,000 years ago until approximately 26,000 years ago, rendering the region “nobody’s land” during the Aurignacian period. The Abrigo de la Malia provides irrefutable evidence of human settlements dating back to 36,200 to 31,760 calibrated years before the present (cal B.P.) This site also records additional levels of occupation around 32,420 to 26,260 cal B.P., suggesting repeated settlement of this territory. Our multiproxy examination identifies a change in climate trending toward colder and more arid conditions. However, this climatic deterioration does not appear to have affected AMH subsistence strategies or their capacity to inhabit this region. These findings reveal the ability of AMH groups to colonize regions hitherto considered uninhabitable, reopening the debate on early Upper Paleolithic population dynamics of southwestern Europe.
Hyperinvariant subspaces for trace class perturbations of normal operators and decomposability
(Journal of Functional Analysis, 2025) Gallardo Gutiérrez, Eva Antonia; González-Doña, F. Javier
We prove that a large class of trace-class perturbations of diagonalizable normal operators on a separable, infinite dimensional complex Hilbert space have non-trivial closed hyperinvariant subspaces. Moreover, a large subclass consists of decomposable operators in the sense of Colojoara and Foias.
Robustness of type-II Dirac cones in biphenylene: From nanoribbons to symmetric bilayer stacking
(Physical Review B, 2024) Lage L., Lucas; Arroyo Gascón, Olga; Chico Gómez, Leonor María; Latgé, Andrea
The electronic properties of one- and two-dimensional biphenylene-based systems, such as nanoribbons and bilayers, are studied within a unified approach. Besides the bilayer with direct (AA) stacking, we found two additional symmetric stackings for bilayer biphenylene that we denote by AB, in analogy with bilayer graphene, and AX, which can be derived by a small translation (slip) from the AA bilayer, with distinct electronic band structures. We combine first-principles calculations with a long-range tight-binding model to provide a realistic effective description of these biphenylene materials. Our approach provides a global framework to analyze realistically the robustness of the characteristic type-II Dirac cones present in all the bilayers studied and of the nanoribbons. In particular, we capture the opening in the Dirac cone for certain nanoribbons, which we relate to the symmetries of the system, as well as the variations caused by different stackings. We expect that these structures will constitute an avenue to explore novel physics, as they occur with bilayer graphene and the one-dimensional derivatives of graphene, such as nanoribbons and nanotubes.
Relaciones Públicas. Predicar con el ejemplo
(Campaña, 1997) Arceo Vacas, Alfredo
El Instituto de Comunicación Institucional y Empresarial (ICIE) de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, en colaboración con Perception & Image y la Fundación Universitaria Europea de Relaciones Públicas, ha realizado una investigación acerca del sector de las relaciones públicas en nuestro país que se ha traducido en una publicación: Guía ICIE. Empresas de Relaciones Públicas en España.
Jornada sobre cine y publicidad en Madrid: cine, por favor
(Campaña, 1995) Arceo Vacas, Alfredo
El pasado día 13 de diciembre, el salón de actos de la Facultad de Ciencias de la Información de Madrid acogió la Jornada de Cine y Publicidad, que fue organizada por el Instituto de Comunicación Institucional y Empresarial de la Universidad Complutense, y patrocinada por Movierecord Cine. En esta jornada, profesionales del sector y/o académicos discutieron diversos temas acerca del cine como soporte publicitario. En todos los ponentes estuvo presente el ánimo de ver en el cine un medio que ofrece plena efectividad para el desarrollo de las estrategias publicitarias.
Vascular catheter-related infections: an endemic disease in healthcare institutions. An opinion paper of the Spanish Society of Cardiovascular Infections (SEICAV)
(Revista Espanola de Quimioterapia, 2024) Muñoz García, Patricia Carmen; Guembe, María; Pérez Granda, María Jesús; del Pozo, José Luís; López-Cortés, Luis Eduardo; Pittiruti, Mauro; Martín-Delgado, María Cruz; Bouza Santiago, Emilio
Catheter-related infections (CRI) are a serious healthcare problem due to their potential to cause serious complications, including bacteraemia or infective endocarditis, and to increase patient morbidity and mortality. In addition, these infections significantly prolong hospital stay and cost. Preventing CRI is crucial and is considered a criterion for quality and safety in healthcare. For these reasons, the Spanish Society of Cardiovascular Infections (SEICAV) has considered it pertinent to review this topic, with experts in different areas including clinical microbiologists, infectious disease specialists, surgeons and nurses. The data were presented at a session held at the Ramón Areces Foundation, which was organised in the form of specific questions grouped into three round tables. The first panel analysed the scale of the problem including epidemiological, clinical and diagnostic aspects; the second panel addressed advances in the treatment of CRI; and the third panel reviewed developments in the prevention of CRI. The recorded session is available on the Areces Foundation website and we believe it may be of interest not only to health professionals, but also to any non-expert citizen interested in the subject.
Relación del asedio y toma de Castelnuovo (1539)
(Cuadernos de Filología Clásica. Estudios Griegos e Indoeuropeos, 2023) Floristán Imízcoz, José Manuel
RESUMEN: Edición comentada de la «Relación del asedio y toma de Castelnuovo» (Herceg Novi, Montenegro) por las tropas de Jairedín Barbarroja en julio-agosto de 1539, redactada por los cabos de escuadra Juan de Alcaraz y Juan de Tapia. La copia se conserva en el Archivo de los duques de Alba (Madrid).
Romper fronteras: Tool Kit y Lintas realizan un spot en 3D para Lever
(Anuncios, 1992) Arceo Vacas, Alfredo
Ballerina, una nueva fregona que se introdujo en el mercado español en el mes de enero, es el objeto sobre el que gira el mundo mágico de las imágenes de síntesis en un spot diseñado por Tool Kit y Lintas para Lever. Todos los elementos utilizados en la película publicitaria son el resultado de un exhaustivo estudio y pretenden definir la personalidad de un producto que se lanzará también en otros paises europeos.

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