Person: Díaz Ramiro, Eva María
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First Name
Eva María
Last Name
Díaz Ramiro
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Psicología
Department
Psicología Social, Trabajo y Diferencial
Area
Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológico
Identifiers
41 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 41
Item Estudio Psicométrico del Índice de Carga Mental NASA-TLX con una Muestra de Trabajadores Españoles(Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 2010) Díaz Ramiro, Eva María; Luceño Moreno, María Lourdes; Martín García, Jesús; Rubio Valdehita, SusanaEl objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las propiedades psicométricas del instrumento de evaluación de la carga mental de trabajo NASA-TLX en distintos grupos profesionales españoles. La muestra estuvo formada por 398 trabajadores que pertenecían a siete sectores profesionales diferentes. Todos los trabajadores evaluaron la carga mental percibida en sus puestos de trabajo, debida a cada una de las seis dimensiones de carga que distingue el NASA-TLX: esfuerzo, demanda mental, demanda física, demanda temporal, rendimiento y frustración. Los resultados mostraron una consistencia interna aceptable y una estructura factorial constituida por dos factores. Uno de los factores estaba formado únicamente por la dimensión “frustración”, mientras que el otro factor englobaba a las cinco dimensiones restantes. Por último, se encontraron diferencias importantes en los perfiles de carga mental entre los grupos profesionales considerados, en todas las dimensiones de carga, excepto en rendimiento.Item Estudio de generalizabilidad de dos instrumentos de evaluación subjetiva de la carga mental(2010) Rubio Valdehita, Susana; Martín García, Jesús; López Sánchez, Ramón; Díaz Ramiro, Eva María; Luceño Moreno, María Lourdes; Jaén Díaz, María AntoniaItem Funcionamiento psicológico positivo en España: ¿existen diferencias en función del nivel educativo?(Revista de Estudios e Investigación en Psicología y Educación, 2017) Merino Rivera, M. Dolores; Privado Zamorano, Jesús; Díaz Ramiro, Eva María; Rubio Valdehita, Susana; López Núñez, María InmaculadaEn esta investigación nos preguntamos si existen diferencias en bienestar y en recursos psicológicos en función del nivel educativo. Empleamos una muestra formada por 2902 individuos y comparamos cinco niveles educativos en las variables indicadas. El análisis se hizo mediante ANOVA y mostró diferencias en todas las variables. Los resultados mostraron que tanto los recursos como el bienestar van en aumento a medida que se incrementa el nivel educativo, pero, que este incremento declina en los sujetos que realizaron estudios universitarios, pero, solo, de grado medio. Futuras investigaciones deberán aclarar esta cuestión.Item Are entrepreneurs born or made? The influence of personality(Personality and Individual Differences, 2020) López Núñez, María Inmaculada; Rubio Valdehita, Susana; Aparicio García, Marta Evelia; Díaz Ramiro, Eva MaríaCurrently, entrepreneurship is of great importance to economic growth and reduced unemployment. Since entrepreneurial behaviour is multidimensional, interest in understanding the roles of individual variables has increased significantly. The present study uses the theoretical and empirical framework of entrepreneurship research to explain the existence of the psychological profile of an entrepreneur, the impact of the psychological variables of personality on behaviour and entrepreneurial intention, and the relationship between personality traits and other specific traits frequently related to entrepreneurship. A sample of 337 participants composed of real entrepreneurs (n = 83) and university students (n = 254) with high scores in entrepreneurial intention were evaluated in personality (Big Five) and other specific traits: ambiguity tolerance, emotional intelligence and coping and problem solving. The results showed that both groups share the same profile in these variables once adjustments were made for the effects of sex and age. A target profile and a preliminary evaluation of its best possible accuracy are provided.Item Influence of the CoViD-19 Pandemic on Mental Workload and Burnout of Fashion Retailing Workers in Spain(International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021) Rodríguez López, Ana María; Rubio Valdehita, Susana; Díaz Ramiro, Eva MaríaThis study analyzed the levels of mental workload and the presence of burnout on a sample of fashion retailing workers from Spain and its relationship with the current CoViD-19 (Coronavirus disease-19) pandemic. We established a cross-sectional design. Participants (n = 360) answered an online survey including questions about sociodemographic data, perception of CoViD-19, CarMen-Q questionnaire (workload), and MBI (burnout syndrome). The survey campaign took place in October and November 2020. The results showed that participants exhibited deep concern about the CoViD-19 pandemic and its influence in the workplace. Although the mental workload was near the middle point of the scale, participants showed moderate to high burnout levels, revealing that the sample was at risk of experiencing higher burnout levels over time as the pandemic and associated economic crisis continued. The multiple regression analysis results indicated that environmental changes, work overload, somatic symptoms, insomnia, negative job expectations, and uncertainty constituted significant mental workload predictors. Insomnia, somatic symptoms, and negative job expectations constituted significant predictors for burnout. Differences between job positions and genders in mental workload and burnout were found. In conclusion, the uncertainty at work derived from the CoViD-19 pandemic harms fashion retailing workers’ psychological well-being in Spain.Item Effects of task load and cognitive abilities on performance and subjective mental workload in a tracking task(Anales de Psicología, 2012) Rubio Valdehita, Susana; Díaz Ramiro, Eva María; López Sánchez, Ramón; Martín García, JesúsThe aim of this study was to determine the effects that the level of general intelligence and the aptitude profile of individuals have on performance and subjective assessments of the mental workload involved in carrying out a tracking task. Although all authors acknowledge that mental workload depends both on the characteristics of the task and the ability of individuals to perform it, little research into the real influence of these individual difference factors has been carried out. The subjects’ performance and mental workload when carrying out a tracking task with different levels of difficulty were measured. Both simple effects and those relating to the interaction of the two task complexity factors were shown to have significant effects on performance and subjective mental load. Spatial aptitude was shown to have the greatest mediating effect, particularly on mental workload. Surprisingly, the subjects with the greatest ability reported higher mental workload assessments than those less able, irrespective of the instrument used to measure the workload. Finally, the subjects with greater ability achieved higher levels of performance than those less able, particularly in the more difficult tracking task.Item Relationship between workplace psychosocial risk factors and stress perception in a sample of spanish workers(EduPsykhé: revista de psicología y educación, 2013) Luceño Moreno, María Lourdes; Martín García, Jesús; Díaz Ramiro, Eva María; Jaén Díaz, MarianEl artículo describe la investigación que tuvo como objetivo buscar la relación entre diferentes riesgos psicosociales del trabajo (Demandas cognitivas, Control,Recompensas y Apoyo organizacional)y la percepción de estrés. Los riesgos psicosociales fueron evaluados a través del Cuestionario DECORE. Se evaluaron a 1143 trabajadores de distintos sectores de actividad. Los resultados muestran que los empleados que perciben su entorno laboral como adverso se sienten más estresados, en comparación con los trabajadores que tienen una percepción más saludable de los riesgos psicosociales. Estas diferencias se observan para todos los riesgos psicosociales.Item What Does the Feeling of Job Success Depend On? Influence of Personal and Organizational Factors(Societies, 2023) Rubio Valdehita, Susana; Díaz Ramiro, Eva María; López Núñez, María InmaculadaThe main objective of this study was to determine the influence that various personal and organizational factors have on the self-assessed performance of 1459 employees recruited through a convenience sampling technique. The self-assessed performance was used as indicator of the feelings of job success. A non-experimental correlational cross-sectional design was established. Measures of the sociodemographic characteristics of the participants (such as age, gender, marital status, and personality), structural features of the organization (such as national vs. international, number of employees, or professional sector), and psychosocial aspect of the jobs (such as workload or burnout) were collected via a Google Form Questionnaire. Data were explored using multiple stepwise regression. Results showed conscientiousness as the most important predictor of perceived job success, followed by performance demands and personal accomplishment. Age, extraversion, and having a permanent contract were also related to better perceived success. The main conclusion is that perceived success is greater in the conscientious, extroverted, older participants, with a stable employment contract who have a job with high responsibility, and that provides them with greater feelings of personal fulfillment. The practical implications as well as the strength and limitations of the study are describedItem The role of individual variables as antecedents of entrepreneurship processes: Emotional intelligence and self-efficacy(Frontiers in Psychology, 2022) López Núñez, María Inmaculada; Rubio Valdehita, Susana; Díaz Ramiro, Eva MaríaCurrently, entrepreneurship is a priority for economic, social, and technological growth. Therefore, the interest in understanding entrepreneurship processes has increased significantly. Individual variables play a fundamental role, and academic research has pointed out the influence of emotional intelligence in entrepreneurial processes; however, its relationship with other interpersonal processes and individual variables, such as personality and self-efficacy, has not been extensively studied. The aim of this research was to analyze the relationship among emotional intelligence, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention, controlling for the effects of personality, gender, and age. Multiple hierarchical regression analyses were applied through a questionnaire survey of 1,593 college students to test the relationship between the constructs in the model. The results show that the personality traits are associated with entrepreneurial self-efficacy, emotional intelligence positively influences entrepreneurial intention, and self-efficacy mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and entrepreneurial intention. Practical implications for training programs are examined, and future lines of research were discussed.Item Sleep habits as predictors of psychological health in healthcare professionals(Anales de Psicología / Annals of Psychology, 2020) Díaz Ramiro, Eva María; Rubio Valdehita, Susana; López Núñez, María Inmaculada; Aparicio García, Marta EveliaThe aim was to study the sleep habits and the psychological health of professionals in the health sector, as well as to analyse the rela-tionships between both variables. The sample consisted of 511 workers from public hospitals in the Community of Madrid. Psychological health was evaluated using the GHQ-28 Questionnaire; and sleep habits with the CHAS Questionnaire. In addition, sociodemographic information was col-lected, such as age, sex, job position and professional category. The results showed statistically significant differences in somatic symptoms, psycho-logical health and stability in sleep habits. Regression analysis indicated that sleep quality and daytime sleepiness are the variables most related to health dimensions, especially with anxiety/insomnia and somatic symptoms. These results reveal the differences between sleep habits and perceived health in nursing staff and doctors. Finally, healthcare workers present a higher prevalence of psychological distress, poor sleep quality and instabil-ity in sleep hours. Sleep impairment, somnolence and somatic symptoms are more frequent in nursing staff than in other healthcare professionals.