Person: Vázquez Osorio, María Teresa
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First Name
María Teresa
Last Name
Vázquez Osorio
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Medicina
Department
Anatomía y Embriología
Area
Anatomía y Embriología Humana
Identifiers
16 results
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Now showing 1 - 10 of 16
Item Patterns of the circumflex femoral arteries revisited(Clinical Anatomy, 2006) Vázquez Osorio, María Teresa; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Maranillo Alcaide, Eva; Parkin, Ian; Sañudo Tejero, José RamónKnowledge of variations of the circumflex femoral arteries is important when undertaking clinical procedures within the femoral region and in hip joint replacement. Since the 19th century, many different patterns have been proposed to classify their origins. This work studied a statistically reliable sample, the lower limbs of 221 embalmed human cadavers (equal right–left and approximately equal sex distributions), and reviewed the previous literature to propose a unified and simple classification that will be useful to clinicians. Statistical comparisons were made using the chi(2) test. The medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries have been classified into three different patterns based on the levels of their origin. Distribution related to sex and side was also studied. Pattern I: Both arteries arose from the deep femoral artery (346 cases, 78.8%). This pattern was more frequent in females, P = 0.01. There was no significant difference between sides. Type Ia, medial circumflex femoral artery origin was proximal to the lateral circumflex femoral artery origin (53.2%); Type Ib, lateral circumflex femoral artery origin was proximal to medial circumflex femoral artery origin (23.4%); Type Ic, both arteries arose from a common trunk (23.4%). Pattern II: One of the arteries arose from the femoral artery and the other from the deep femoral artery (90 cases, 20.5%). Type IIa, the medial circumflex femoral artery arose from the femoral artery (77.8%) and Type IIb, the lateral circumflex femoral artery arose from the femoral artery (22.2%). There were no significant differences between sexes or sides. Pattern III: Both arteries arose from the femoral artery (2 cases, 0.5%). In every disposition there was a significantly higher prevalence of unilateral rather than bilateral occurrence. In one dissection the medial circumflex femoral artery was absent. Awareness of these variations could avoid unexpected injuries.Item Fat: Quality, or Quantity? What Matters Most for the Progression of Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)(Biomedicines, 2021) Estévez-Vázquez, Olga; Benedé-Ubieto, Raquel; Guo, Feifei; Gómez-Santos, Beatriz; Aspichueta, Patricia; Reissing, Johanna; Bruns, Tony; Sanz-García, Carlos; Sydor, Svenja; Bechmann, Lars P; Maranillo Alcaide, Eva; Sañudo Tejero, José Ramón; Vázquez Osorio, María Teresa; Lamas-Paz, Arantza; Morán, Laura; Mazariegos, Marina S; Ciudin, Andreea; Pericàs, Juan M.; Peligros, María Isabel; Vaquero, Javier; Martínez-Naves, Eduardo; Liedtke, Christian; Regueiro González-Barros, José Ramón; Trautwein, Christian; Bañares Cañizares, Rafael; Cubero Palero, Francisco Javier; Nevzorova, Yulia A.Objectives: Lately, many countries have restricted or even banned transfat, and palm oil has become a preferred replacement for food manufacturers. Whether palm oil is potentially an unhealthy food mainly due to its high content of saturated Palmitic Acid (PA) is a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to test whether qualitative aspects of diet such as levels of PA and the fat source are risk factors for Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Methods: C57BL/6 male mice were fed for 14 weeks with three types of Western diet (WD): 1. LP-WD—low concentration of PA (main fat source—corn and soybean oils); 2. HP-WD—high concentration of PA (main fat source—palm oil); 3. HP-Trans-WD—high concentration of PA (mainly transfat). Results: All types of WD caused weight gain, adipocyte enlargement, hepatomegaly, lipid metabolism alterations, and steatohepatitis. Feeding with HP diets led to more prominent obesity, hypercholesterolemia, stronger hepatic injury, and fibrosis. Only the feeding with HP-Trans-WD resulted in glucose intolerance and elevation of serum transaminases. Brief withdrawal of WDs reversed MS and signs of MAFLD. However, mild hepatic inflammation was still detectable in HP groups. Conclusions: HP and HP-Trans-WD play a crucial role in the genesis of MS and MAFLD.Item Reorganization of laryngeal motoneurons after crush injury in the recurrent laryngeal nerve of the rat(Journal of Anatomy, 2013) Hernandez-Morato, Ignacio; Valderrama-Canales, Francisco J; Berdugo, Gabriel; Arias, Gonzalo; McHanwell, Stephen; Pascual-Font, Arán; Sañudo Tejero, José Ramón; Vázquez Osorio, María TeresaMotoneurons innervating laryngeal muscles are located in the nucleus ambiguus (Amb), but there is no general agreement on the somatotopic representation and even less is known on how an injury in the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) affects this pattern. This study analyzes the normal somatotopy of those motoneurons and describes its changes over time after a crush injury to the RLN. In the control group (control group 1, n = 9 rats), the posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) and thyroarytenoid (TA) muscles were injected with cholera toxin-B. In the experimental groups the left RLN of each animal was crushed with a fine tip forceps and, after several survival periods (1, 2, 4, 8, 12 weeks; minimum six rats per time), the PCA and TA muscles were injected as described above. After each surgery, the motility of the vocal folds was evaluated. Additional control experiments were performed; the second control experiment (control group 2, n = 6 rats) was performed labeling the TA and PCA immediately prior to the section of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN), in order to eliminate the possibility of accidental labeling of the cricothyroid (CT) muscle by spread from the injection site. The third control group (control group 3, n = 5 rats) was included to determine if there is some sprouting from the SLN into the territories of the RLN after a crush of this last nerve. One week after the crush injury of the RLN, the PCA and TA muscles were injected immediately before the section of the SLN. The results show that a single population of neurons represents each muscle with the PCA in the most rostral position followed caudalwards by the TA. One week post-RLN injury, both the somatotopy and the number of labeled motoneurons changed, where the labeled neurons were distributed randomly; in addition, an area of topographical overlap of the two populations was observed and vocal fold mobility was lost. In the rest of the survival periods, the overlapping area is larger, but the movement of the vocal folds tends to recover. After 12 weeks of survival, the disorganization within the Amb is the largest, but the number of motoneurons is similar to control, and all animals recovered the movement of the left vocal fold. Our additional controls indicate that no tracer spread to the CT muscle occurred, and that many of the labeled motoneurons from the PCA after 1 week post-RLN injury correspond to motoneurons whose axons travel in the SLN. Therefore, it seems that after RLN injury there is a collateral sprouting and collateral innervation. Although the somatotopic organization of the Amb is lost after a crush injury of the RLN and does not recover in the times studied here, the movement of the vocal folds as well as the number of neurons that supply the TA and the PCA muscles recovered within 8 weeks, indicating that the central nervous system of the rat has a great capacity of plasticity.- Project number: 132
Item Elaboración de un manual de casos clínicos de anatomía radiológica aplicada de la extremidad inferior(2023) Aragonés Maza, Paloma; Maranillo Alcaide, Eva; Quiñones Garrido, Sara; Rodríguez Vázquez, José Francisco; Sañudo Tejero, José Ramón; Valderrama Canales, Francisco José; Vázquez Osorio, María Teresa; Viejo Tirado, Fermín Item The carotid axis revisited(Scientific reports, 2021) Cobiella, R; Quinones, S; Konschake, Marko; Aragonés Maza, Paloma; Leon Vintró, Xavier; Vázquez Osorio, María Teresa; Sañudo Tejero, José Ramón; Maranillo Alcaide, EvaThe aim was to determine the variations in the level of origin of carotid bifurcation and diameters of the common, internal, and external carotid arteries which is clinically important for several interventional procedures. Therefore, 165 human embalmed corpses were dissected. The data collected were analyzed using the Chi square-test and the Pearson correlation test. The results of previous studies have been reviewed. In relation to the level of the carotid bifurcation, taking as a reference point the hyoid bone, the values ranged from 4 cm below the hyoid body to 2.5 cm above the body of the hyoid, being the average height—0.33 cm, with a standard deviation of 1.19 cm. The right carotid bifurcation was established at a higher level (x = − 0.19 cm.) than the left one (x = − 0.48 cm.) (p = 0.046). On the contrary, no significant gender differences could be observed. The arterial calibres of the common and internal carotid arteries were higher in male than female. In the internal carotid artery (X = 0.76 cm.), the left was greater than the right (X = 0.72 cm.) (P = 0.047). However, no differences in the distribution of the calibre of the external carotid artery were found neither by side nor gender. Variations in the level of bifurcation and calibres of carotid arteries are relevant for interventional radiology procedures and head and neck surgeries. Knowledge of these anatomical references might help clinicians in the interpretation of the carotid system.Item Undergraduate Students’ Role in Spreading and Controlling the Assessment System(INTED2015 Proceedings. 9th International Technology, Education and Development Conference, INTED2015 Proceedings 9th International Technology, Education and Development Conference, 2015) Álvarez Vázquez, María Del Pilar; Sanz Miguel, Carmen; Ji, Zichen; Vázquez Osorio, María Teresa; García Seoane, JorgeThe Clinical-Basic Sessions (CBS) are a compulsory practical activity of the new Degree in Medicine course curriculum of the Complutense University of Madrid. They are integrated in the strategy of transversal competences improvement. Students can participate in a team work studying and presenting a clinical case as speakers or, if they are students of the sixth course, as tutors, or can act as listener assessors of the public presentation of the cases and the speakers. Teachers can participate tutoring a case and evaluating the students participating in it, or can act as speakers’ assessors in a classroom where other clinical cases are presented. In 2013/2014, important changes in the evaluation process and the evaluation criteria were introduces. First of all, objective tools were used so that students knew which aspects will be evaluated and evaluators had a guide for assessment. Two rubrics were created, one for the continuos evaluation of the students in each clinical case (rubric A), and the other one for listener assessors to evaluare the speakers’ presentation (rubric B). Also, the continuous evaluation was made not only by tutor teachers but also by the team students (peer evaluation). Secondly, the evaluation became telematic. Rubrics A and B were transferred into forms A and B using Google Drive. This way, evaluators have to complete the forms to do their assessment. The attendance control system need to be implemented in order to prove the listener assessor’s participation. For this purpose, a double code system was set up, one for each case and a second one for each case’s assessor. Both codes were needed to complete the on line forms. A new figure was created to inform participants correctly, the Tutor Students for the Evaluation Control, a sixth course student who was assigned to no clinical case. Its role was very important: giving information properly to the working teams, explaining what the rubrics are and the student assessor role, informing the listener evaluators in the classrooms, managing the attendance control and explaining how to digitalize the assessments. Also, assessors were asked to complete the satisfaction surveys included in the forms. Several documents were prepared and uploaded to a Virtual Campus space to make their tasks easier. 39 students worked as Tutor Students for the Evaluation Control, explaining the new system to 104 teams of teachers and students and managing the 26 classrooms where 52 cases were presented. Positive results were achieved. There were no incidents even though the massive participation. Actually, 33% of the enrolled students in the degree participated in the clinical cases and 70% took part as listener assessors. The electronic forms were sent promptly, collecting 50% of the shipments between the 4th and 7th day. Also, participation in the surveys surpassed 90%. Finally, 70% of the survey’s respondents, declared to recommend maintaining the evaluation system. We can concluye that the new figure has achieved its aims, contributing definitely to the implementation of CBS evaluation implementation. In spite of its success, it is necessary to continue working to implement the rubrics and to drive forward into learning by assessing.Item Desarrollo de la articulación subastragalina ("Artiiculatio subtalaris") en embriones y fetos humanos(2003) Vázquez Osorio, María Teresa; Puerta Fonollá, Antonio JavierSe analiza el proceso de superposición astraglaocalcánea, así como el desarrollo de los elementos implicados en el desarrollo de la articulación subastrgalina en embriones y fetos humanos procedentes de la colección del Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas I. Además del estudio de secciones histológicas procesadas con las técnicas habituales de laboratorio, se realizan reconstrucciones tridimensionales utilizando un hardware registrado como Surfdriver que permite la visualización de cada uno de los elementos esqueléticos que se presentan en la secciones histológicas. Este nuevo procedimiento permite cuestionar las teorías que hasta el momento se han propuesto como causas más probables de aparición de pie equino-varo congénitoItem Ciliary muscle in avian is derived from mesenchymal and epithelial cells(Vision Research, 2002) Barrio Asensio, María Del Carmen; Peña Melián, Ángel; Puerta Fonollá, Javier; Vázquez Osorio, María Teresa; Murillo González, Jorge AlfonsoIt has long been maintained that the ciliary muscle derives from mesenchymal cells. The embryonic development of the avian ciliary muscle was studied in chick embryos from stage 25 HH to the time of hatching. Serial sections of the eye were stained routinely or immunocytochemically using the monoclonal antibody 13F4, which recognizes a cytoplasmic antigen specific for all types of muscle cells. We found that the mesenchymal immunoreactive cells, at stage 37 HH, are arranged in two distinct orientations forming the anterior and posterior portions of the ciliary muscle. At stages 38 and 39 HH the pigmented epithelium contained 13F4 positive cells, which detach from the epithelium and apparently migrate into stroma. These epithelial cells may differentiate into muscle cells. Within this same time period a progressive accumulation of myoblasts was detected between the pigmented epithelium and the ciliary muscle. Some myoblasts containing melanin were also observed. At stage 40 HH the internal portion of the ciliary muscle was visible. These findings indicate that the immunopositive epithelial cells participate in the formation of the internal portion of the muscle. We conclude that the ciliary muscle derives not only from the mesenchymal cells but also from the pigmented epithelium.Item External laryngeal nerve landmarks revisited(Head & Neck, 2018) Ortega, Consuelo; Maranillo Alcaide, Eva; McHanwell, Steve; Sañudo Tejero, José Ramón; Vázquez Osorio, María TeresaBackground: Because external laryngeal nerve (ELN) iatrogenic damage is frequent during neck surgery, its precise localization has been highly recommended. This study analyzes the different surgical landmarks previously proposed and the anatomy of the collateral and terminal branches of the ELN. Methods: The necks of 157 (77 men and 80 women) human adult embalmed cadavers were examined. The ELN origin, length, and relationship to different landmarks were recorded and results statistically compared with those previously reported. Results: The ELN is located deep to the ascending pharyngeal vein in 100% of patients. In most patients, it crosses the carotid axis at the thyroid artery origin level (47% of patients), passes medial to it (89% of patients), and shows an intramuscular trajectory through the inferior constrictor of the pharynx (80% of patients). Conclusion: The ELN position, in relation to classical landmarks, is highly variable. The most reliable relationships are those with the ascending pharyngeal vein or with the superior thyroid artery.Item Somatotopy of the Neurons Innervating the Cricothyroid, Posterior Cricoarytenoid, and Thyroarytenoid Muscles of the Rat’s Larynx(The Anatomical Record, 2013) Hernández-Morato, Ignacio; Pascual-Font, Arán; Ramírez, Carlos; Matarranz-Echeverría, Jorge; McHanwell, Stephen; Sañudo, Jorge R.; Valderrama-Canales, Francisco J.; Vázquez Osorio, María TeresaNeurons innervating the intrinsic muscles of the larynx are located within the nucleus ambiguus but the precise distribution of the neurons for each muscle is still a matter for debate. The purpose of this study was to finely determine the position and the number of the neurons innervat- ing the intrinsic laryngeal muscles cricothyroid, posterior cricoarytenoid, and thyroarytenoid in the rat. The study was carried out in a total of 28 Sprague Dawley rats. The B subunit of the cholera toxin was employed as a retrograde tracer to determine the locations, within the nucleus ambiguus, of the neurons of these intrinsic laryngeal muscles following intramuscular injection. The labelled neurons were found ipsilaterally in the nucleus ambiguus grouped in discrete populations with reproducible rostrocaudal and dorsoventral locations among the sample of animals. Neurons innervating the cricothyroid muscle were located the most ros- tral of the three populations, neurons innervating the posterior cricoary- tenoid were found more caudal, though there was a region of rostrocaudal overlap between these two populations. The most caudal were the neu- rons innervating the thyroarytenoid muscle, presenting a variable degree of overlap with the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. The mean number (6SD) of labelled neurons was found to be 41 6 9 for the cricothyroid, 39 6 10 for the posterior cricoarytenoid and 33 6 12 for the thyroarytenoid.