Person:
Fraguas Herráez, David

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First Name
David
Last Name
Fraguas Herráez
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/79169
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Medicina
Department
Medicina Legal, Psiquiatría y Patología
Area
Psiquiatría
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2015 - 201922020 - 20211
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    Fronto-Parietal Gray Matter Volume Loss Is Associated with Decreased Working Memory Performance in Adolescents with a First Episode of Psychosis
    (Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2021) Rapado Castro, Marta; Villar Arenzana, Mara; Janssen, Joost; Fraguas Herráez, David; Bombin, Igor; Castro Fornieles, Josefina; Mayoral, Maria; González Pinto, Ana; Serna, Elena de la; Parellada, Mara; Moreno, Dolores; Paya, Beatriz; Graell, Montserrat; Baeza, Inmaculada; Pantelis, Christos; Arango, Celso
    Cognitive maturation during adolescence is modulated by brain maturation. However, it is unknown how these processes intertwine in early onset psychosis (EOP). Studies examining longitudinal brain changes and cognitive performance in psychosis lend support for an altered development of high-order cognitive functions, which parallels progressive gray matter (GM) loss over time, particularly in fronto-parietal brain regions. We aimed to assess this relationship in a subsample of 33 adolescents with first-episode EOP and 47 matched controls over 2 years. Backwards stepwise regression analyses were conducted to determine the association and predictive value of longitudinal brain changes over cognitive performance within each group. Fronto-parietal GM volume loss was positively associated with decreased working memory in adolescents with psychosis (frontal left (B = 0.096, p = 0.008); right (B = 0.089, p = 0.015); parietal left (B = 0.119, p = 0.007), right (B = 0.125, p = 0.015)) as a function of age. A particular decrease in frontal left GM volume best predicted a significant amount (22.28%) of the variance of decreased working memory performance over time, accounting for variance in age (14.9%). No such association was found in controls. Our results suggest that during adolescence, EOP individuals seem to follow an abnormal neurodevelopmental trajectory, in which fronto-parietal GM volume reduction is associated with the differential age-related working memory dysfunction in this group.
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    Risperidone administered during adolescence induced metabolic, anatomical and inflammatory/oxidative changes in adult brain: A PET and MRI study in the maternal immune stimulation animal model
    (European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2019) Casquero-Veiga, Marta; García-García, David; Pérez-Caballero, Laura; Torres-Sánchez, Sonia; Berrocoso, Esther; Desco, Manuel; Soto-Montenegro, María Luisa; Mac-Dowell Mata, Karina Soledad; Fraguas Herráez, David; Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos; Arango López, Celso
    Inflammation and oxidative stress (IOS) are considered key pathophysiological elements in the development of mental disorders. Recent studies demonstrated that the antipsychotic risperidone elicits an antiinflammatory effect in the brain. We administered risperidone for 2-weeks at adolescence to assess its role in preventing brain-related IOS changes in the maternal immune stimulation (MIS) model at adulthood. We also investigated the development of volumetric and neurotrophic abnormalities in areas related to the HPA-axis. Poly I:C (MIS) or saline (Sal) were injected into pregnant Wistar rats on GD15. Male offspring received risperidone or vehicle daily from PND35-PND49. We studied 4 groups (8-15 animals/group): Sal-vehicle, MIS-vehicle, Sal-risperidone and MIS-risperidone. [18F]FDG-PET and MRI studies were performed at adulthood and analyzed using SPM12 software. IOS and neurotrophic markers were measured using WB and ELISA assays in brain tissue. Risperidone elicited a protective function of schizophrenia-related IOS deficits. In particular, risperidone elicited the following effects: reduced volume in the ventricles and the pituitary gland; reduced glucose metabolism in the cerebellum, periaqueductal gray matter, and parietal cortex; higher FDG uptake in the cingulate cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, and brainstem; reduced NFκB activity and iNOS expression; and increased enzymatic activity of CAT and SOD in some brain areas. Our study suggests that some schizophrenia-related IOS changes can be prevented in the MIS model. It also stresses the need to search for novel strategies based on anti-inflammatory compounds in risk populations at early stages in order to alter the course of the disease.
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    La curación por la palabra en el "Quijote"
    (2015) Fraguas Herráez, David; Montiel Llorente, Luis