Person:
Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis

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First Name
José Luis
Last Name
Muñoz Madrigal
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/79063
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Medicina
Department
Farmacología y Toxicología
Area
Farmacología
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2013 - 201962020 - 20228
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    Project number: 194
    Universidad inclusiva para la promoción de una sociedad inclusiva.
    (2022) Pérez Martínez, Sara; Funes Lapponi, Silvina Graciela; García Momblán, María Cristina; Gaya Barroso, Aina; Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; Pavón Mestras, Juan Luis; Trujillo Barbadillo, Gracia
    Nuestro proyecto pretende desarrollar recursos y estrategias innovadoras para la promoción de la inclusión de la diversidad en la comunidad universitaria orientados a la mejora social de los colectivos vulnerables en colaboración con otros agentes sociales.
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    Paliperidone reverts Toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway activation and cognitive deficits in a maternal immune activation mouse model of schizophrenia
    (Neuropharmacology, 2017) Mac-Dowell Mata, Karina Soledad; Munarriz Cuezva, Eva; Caso Fernández, Javier Rubén; Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; Zabala, Arantzazu; Meana, J. Javier; García Bueno, Borja; Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos
    The pathophysiology of psychotic disorders is multifactorial, including alterations in the immune system caused by exogenous or endogenous factors. Epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that infections during the gestational period represent a risk factor to develop schizophrenia (SZ) along lifetime. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the antipsychotic paliperidone regulates immune-related brain effects in an experimental model of SZ. A well described prenatal immune activation model of SZ in mice by maternal injection of the viral mimetic poly(I:C) during pregnancy was used. Young-adult offspring animals (60PND) received paliperidone ip (0.05 mg/kg) for 21 consecutive days. One day after last injection, animals were submitted to a cognitive test and brain frontal cortex (FC) samples were obtained for biochemical determinations. The adults showed an activated innate immune receptor TLR-3 signaling pathway, oxidative/nitrosative stress and accumulation of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nuclear transcription factors (i.e., NFκB) and inducible enzymes (i.e., iNOS) in FC. Chronic paliperidone blocked this neuroinflammatory response possibly by the synergic activation and preservation of endogenous antioxidant/anti-inflammatory mechanisms such as NRF2 and PPARγ pathways, respectively. Paliperidone administration also stimulated the alternative polarization of microglia to the M2 anti-inflammatory profile. In addition, paliperidone treatment improved spatial working memory deficits of this SZ-like animal model. In conclusion, chronic administration of paliperidone to young-adult mice prenatally exposed to maternal immune (MIA) challenge elicits a general preventive anti-inflammatory/antioxidant effect at both intracellular and cellular polarization (M1/M2) level in FC, as well as ameliorates specific cognitive deficits.
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    Paliperidone Prevents Brain Toll-Like Receptor 4 Pathway Activation and Neuroinflammation in Rat Models of Acute and Chronic Restraint Stress
    (International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2015) Mac-Dowell Mata, Karina Soledad; Caso Fernández, Javier Rubén; Martín Hernández, D.; Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos; García Bueno, Borja
    Background: Alterations in the innate immune/inflammatory system have been proposed to underlie the pathophysiology of psychotic disease, but the mechanisms implicated remain elusive. The main agents of the innate immunity are the family of toll-like receptors (TLRs), which detect circulating pathogen-associated molecular patterns and endogenous damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS). Current antipsychotics are able to modulate pro- and anti-inflammatory pathways, but their actions on TLRs remain unexplored. Methods: This study was conducted to elucidate the effects of paliperidone (1mg/Kg i.p.) on acute (6 hours) and chronic (6 hours/day during 21 consecutive days) restraint stress-induced TLR-4 pathway activation and neuroinflammation, and the possible mechanism(s) related (bacterial translocation and/or DAMPs activation). The expression of the elements of a TLR-4-dependent proinflammatory pathway was analyzed at the mRNA and protein levels in prefrontal cortex samples. Results: Paliperidone pre-treatment prevented TLR-4 activation and neuroinflammation in the prefrontal cortices of stressed rats. Regarding the possible mechanisms implicated, paliperidone regulated stress-induced increased intestinal inflammation and plasma lipopolysaccharide levels. In addition, paliperidone also prevented the activation of the endogenous activators of TLR-4 HSP70 and HGMB-1. Conclusions: Our results showed a regulatory role of paliperidone on brain TLR-4, which could explain the therapeutic benefits of its use for the treatment of psychotic diseases beyond its effects on dopamine and serotonin neurotransmission. The study of the mechanisms implicated suggests that gut-increased permeability, inflammation, and bacterial translocation of Gram-negative microflora and HSP70 and HGMB1 expression could be potential adjuvant therapeutic targets for the treatment of psychotic and other stress-related psychiatric pathologies.
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    Intervención en adicciones: hacia una intervención centrada en la persona desde el Aprendizaje-Servicio
    (2020) Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; Pérez Martínez, Sara; Rubio Valladolid, Gabriel; Arias Horcajadas, Francisco
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    Noradrenaline in Alzheimer's Disease: A New Potential Therapeutic Target
    (2022) Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; López Gutiérrez, Irene; Dello Russo, Cinzia; Novellino, Fabiana; Caso Fernández, Javier Rubén; García Bueno, Borja; Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos
    A growing body of evidence demonstrates the important role of the noradrenergic system in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative processes, especially Alzheimer’s disease, due to its ability to control glial activation and chemokine production resulting in anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Noradrenaline involvement in this disease was first proposed after finding deficits of noradrenergic neurons in the locus coeruleus from Alzheimer’s disease patients. Based on this, it has been hypothesized that the early loss of noradrenergic projections and the subsequent reduction of noradrenaline brain levels contribute to cognitive dysfunctions and the progression of neurodegeneration. Several studies have focused on analyzing the role of noradrenaline in the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. In this review we summarize some of the most relevant data describing the alterations of the noradrenergic system normally occurring in Alzheimer’s disease as well as experimental studies in which noradrenaline concentration was modified in order to further analyze how these alterations affect the behavior and viability of different nervous cells. The combination of the different studies here presented suggests that the maintenance of adequate noradrenaline levels in the central nervous system constitutes a key factor of the endogenous defense systems that help prevent or delay the development of Alzheimer’s disease. For this reason, the use of noradrenaline modulating drugs is proposed as an interesting alternative therapeutic option for Alzheimer’s disease.
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    Microglial CX3CR1 production increases in Alzheimer's disease and is regulated by noradrenaline
    (Glia, 2021) Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; González Prieto, Marta; López Gutiérrez, Irene; García Bueno, Borja; Caso Fernández, Javier Rubén; Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos; Ortega Hernández, Adriana; Gómez Garre, Dulcenombre
    The loss of noradrenergic neurons and subsequent reduction of brain noradrenaline (NA) levels are associated with the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). This seems to be due mainly to the ability of NA to reduce the activation of microglial cells. We previously observed that NA induces the production of the chemokine Fractalkine/CX3CL1 in neurons. The activation of microglial CX3CR1, sole receptor for CX3CL1, reduces the activation of microglia, which is known to largely contribute to the neuronal damage characteristic of AD. Therefore, alterations of CX3CR1 production in microglia could translate into the enhancement or inhibition of CX3CL1 anti-inflammatory effects. In order to determine if microglial CX3CR1 production is altered in AD and if NA can control it, CX3CR1 expression and synthesis were analyzed in 5xFAD mice and human AD brain samples. In addition, the effects of NA and its reuptake inhibitor reboxetine were analyzed in microglial cultures and mice respectively. Our results indicate that in AD CX3CR1 production is increased in the brain cortex and that reboxetine administration further increases it and enhances microglial reactivity toward amyloid beta plaques. However, direct administration of NA to primary rat microglia or human HMC3 cells inhibits CX3CR1 production, suggesting that microglia responses to NA may be altered in the absence of CX3CL1-producing neurons or other nonmicroglial external factors.
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    Risperidone normalizes increased inflammatory parameters and restores anti-inflammatory pathways in a model of neuroinflammation
    (International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2013) Mac-Dowell Mata, Karina Soledad; García Bueno, Borja; Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; Parellada, Mara; Arango López, Celso; Micó, Juan A.; Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos; Parellada Redondo, María José
    Inflammation, caused by both external and endogenous factors, has been implicated as a main pathophysiological feature of chronic mental illnesses, including schizophrenia. An increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines has been described both in experimental models and in schizophrenia patients. However, not much is known about the effects that antipsychotic drugs have on intra- and intercellular mechanisms controlling inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible anti-inflammatory effect of a standard schizophrenia treatment not only at the level of soluble mediators, but also at intra- and intercellular inflammatory pathways. The present study was conducted in a model of mild neuroinflammation using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge that was not an endotoxaemic dose (0.5 mg/kg i.p.) in young adult rats. Main results: single doses of risperidone (0.3–3.0 mg/kg i.p.) prevented increased inflammatory parameters induced by LPS in brain cortex [expression of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, activity of the inducible inflammatory enzymes nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and inflammatory nuclear transcription factor κB] and restored anti-inflammatory pathways decreased by LPS challenge (deoxyprostaglandins and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ). This is the first study demonstrating that risperidone elicits a preventive effect on the anti-inflammatory arm of the homeostatic mechanism controlling inflammation in a model of mild encephalitis in rats. Our findings suggest a possible protective effect of risperidone on brain cells.
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    Project number: 102
    Empleo de la gamificación como nueva herramienta docente en la asignatura de Intervención en adicciones dentro del grado de Terapia Ocupacional
    (2020) Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; García Bueno, Borja; Caso Fernández, Javier Rubén; López Gutiérrez, Irene; González Prieto, Marta; Bas Caro, Manuel
    El principal objetivo de este proyecto ha sido el de mejorar los resultados académicos de los alumnos así como aumentar su interés por la asignatura, su asistencia y participación en clase. Además, se pretendía obtener datos que demuestren la utilidad de la gamificación como herramienta docente en nuestro ámbito y animar a otros profesores a realizar innovaciones similares.
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    Neuroplasticity and inflammatory alterations in the nucleus accumbens are corrected after risperidone treatment in a schizophrenia-related developmental model in rats
    (Schizophrenia Research, 2021) Tendilla Beltrán, Hiram; Coatl Cuaya, Heriberto; Meneses Prado, Silvia; Vázquez Roque, Ruben Antonio; Brambila, Eduardo; Tapia Rodríguez, Miguel; Martín Hernández, David; Garcés Ramírez, Linda; Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; Leza Cerro, Juan Carlos; Flores, Gonzalo
    Increased dopaminergic activity in the striatum underlies the neurobiology of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia (SZ). Beyond the impaired connectivity among the limbic system, the excess of dopamine could lead to inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress. It has been suggested that atypical antipsychotic drugs attenuate psychosis not only due to their modulatory activity on the dopaminergic/serotonergic neurotransmission but also due to their anti-inflammatory/antioxidant effects. In such a manner, we assessed the effects of the atypical antipsychotic risperidone (RISP) on the structural neuroplasticity and biochemistry of the striatum in adult rats with neonatal ventral hippocampus lesion (NVHL), which is a developmental SZ-related model. RISP administration (0.25 mg/kg, i.p.) ameliorated the neuronal atrophy and the impairments in the morphology of the dendritic spines in the spiny projection neurons (SPNs) of the ventral striatum (nucleus accumbens: NAcc) in the NVHL rats. Also, RISP treatment normalized the pro-inflammatory pathways and induced the antioxidant activity of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) in this model. Our results point to the neurotrophic, antiinflammatory, and antioxidant effects of RISP, together with its canonical antipsychotic mechanism, to enhance striatum function in animals with NVHL.
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    Project number: 5
    Introducción de la gammificación como herramienta docente en la asignatura de Farmacología dentro del Grado de Odontología
    (2019) Muñoz Madrigal, José Luis; García Bueno, Borja; González Prieto, Marta; López Gutiérrez, Irene; Bas Caro, Manuel; Vidal Marcos, Alfonso; Caso Fernández, Javier Rubén