Person:
Vargas Balbuena, Javier

First Name

Javier

Last Name

Vargas Balbuena

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/75168

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Ciencias Físicas

Department

Óptica

Area

Optica

Identifiers

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 10

Direct demodulation of closed-fringe interferograms based on active contours
(Optics Letters, 2010) Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Vargas Balbuena, Javier; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás
We demonstrate a method to directly demodulate closed-fringe interferograms using a kind of active contour called a snake. This method can be used to demodulate a single closed-fringe interferogram when its background illumination and/or contrast terms have a spatial frequency similar to the spatial frequency of the equivalent normalized interferogram. Among other cases, this problematic usually appears in interferometry when spurious reflection appears in the interferogram. In these situations, typical Fourier-based methods are of no help. We show a set of simulations and experimental results that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
High dynamic range imaging method for interferometry
(Optics Communications, 2011) Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Vargas Balbuena, Javier; Restrepo, R.; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás
We demonstrate a method to easily and quickly extend the dynamic range imaging capabilities of the camera in a typical interferometric approach. The camera dynamic range is usually low and limited to 256 gray levels. Also, it is well known that one may have over or under-exposed regions in the interferogram (due to non-uniform illumination) which makes these image regions not reliable. In our proposed method it is not necessary to obtain or use the non-linear camera response curve in order to extend the camera dynamic range. We obtain a sequence of differently exposed interferograms, typically five or six; after that, we compute the corresponding normalized fringe patterns and modulation maps using a typical normalization method. These normalized patterns are combined through a temporal weighted average using as weights the corresponding modulation maps. We show a set of experimental results that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Local fringe density determination by adaptive filtering
(Optics Letters, 2011) Vargas Balbuena, Javier; Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás
We demonstrate a method to easily and quickly determine the local fringe density map of a fringe pattern. The method is based on an isotropic adaptive bandpass filter that is tuned at different frequencies. The modulation map after applying a specific bandpass frequencies filter presents a maximum response in the regions where the bandpass filter and fringe frequencies coincide. We show a set of simulations and experimental results that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Calibration of a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor as an orthographic camera
(Optics Letters, 2010) Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Vargas Balbuena, Javier; González Fernández, Luis M.; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás
We demonstrate a method to calibrate a Shack-Hartmann sensor as an orthographic camera. This calibration method permits us to obtain the distance, the rotation matrix between the microlens array and CCD imaging planes, and the projection matrix, which models the projection of the incoming rays to the CCD imaging plane. The proposed calibration method introduces a very compact matrix notation and allows wavefront reconstruction without an explicit centroid search between the reference and distorted spot diagrams. We show a set of simulations in code V that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Optical inspection of liquid crystal variable retarder inhomogeneities
(Applied Optics, 2010) Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Uribe Patarroyo, Néstor R.; Vargas Balbuena, Javier; Álvarez Herrero, Alberto; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás
Liquid crystal variable retarders (LCVRs) are starting to be widely used in optical systems because of their capacity to provide a controlled variable optical retardance between two orthogonal components of incident polarized light or to introduce a known phase shifting (PS) between coherent waves, both by means of an applied voltage. Typically, the retardance or PS introduced by an LCVR is not homogeneous across the aperture. On the one hand, the LCVR glass substrates present a global bend that causes an overall variation of the retardance or PS. On the other hand, in the manufacturing process of an LCVR, there sometimes appears a set of micro-air bubbles that causes local retardance or PS inhomogeneities. In this work, we present an interferometric technique based on a Mach-Zehnder interferometer that is insensitive to vibrations and capable of inspecting and characterizing the LCVR's retardance or PS inhomogeneities. The feasibility of the proposed method is demonstrated in the experimental results, where the LCVR retardance is measured with an error of about 0:2 rad. The thickness of possible micro-air bubbles is obtained with a resolution of about 50 nm.
Analysis of the principal component algorithm in phase-shifting interferometry
(Optics Letters, 2011) Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Vargas Balbuena, Javier; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás
We recently presented a new asynchronous demodulation method for phase-sampling interferometry. The method is based in the principal component analysis (PCA) technique. In the former work, the PCA method was derived heuristically. In this work, we present an in-depth analysis of the PCA demodulation method.
Two-step self-tuning phase-shifting interferometry
(Optics Express, 2011) Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Vargas Balbuena, Javier; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás; Servín Guirado, Manuel; Estrada, Julio César
A two-step self-tuning phase-shifting method is presented. The phase-step between the two interferograms is not known when the experiment is performed. Our demodulating method finds, in a robust way, this unknown phase-step. Once the phase-step is estimated we proceed to phase demodulate the interferograms. Moreover our method only requires the fringe patterns to have a constant unknown phase-shift between them. As a consequence, this technique can be used to demodulate open and closed-fringed patterns without phase-sign ambiguity. The method may be regarded as a self-tuning quadrature filter, which determines the phase-shift between the two fringe patterns and finally estimates the demodulated phase map. The proposed technique has been tested with simulated and real interferograms obtaining satisfactory results.
Phase-shifting interferometry based on principal component analysis
(Optics Letters, 2011) Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Vargas Balbuena, Javier; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás
An asynchronous phase-shifting method based on principal component analysis (PCA) is presented. No restrictions about the background, modulation, and phase shifts are necessary. The presented method is very fast and needs very low computational requirements, so it can be used with very large images and/or very large image sets. The method is based on obtaining two quadrature signals by the PCA algorithm. We have applied the proposed method to simulated and experimental interferograms, obtaining satisfactory results.
Shack-Hartmann centroid detection method based on high dynamic range imaging and normalization techniques
(Applied Optics, 2010) Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Vargas Balbuena, Javier; González Fernández, Luis M.; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás
In the optical quality measuring process of an optical system, including diamond-turning components, the use of a laser light source can produce an undesirable speckle effect in a Shack-Hartmann (SH) CCD sensor. This speckle noise can deteriorate the precision and accuracy of the wavefront sensor measurement. Here we present a SH centroid detection method founded on computer-based techniques and capable of measurement in the presence of strong speckle noise. The method extends the dynamic range imaging capabilities of the SH sensor through the use of a set of different CCD integration times. The resultant extended range spot map is normalized to accurately obtain the spot centroids. The proposed method has been applied to measure the optical quality of the main optical system (MOS) of the mid-infrared instrument telescope smulator. The wavefront at the exit of this optical system is affected by speckle noise when it is illuminated by a laser source and by air turbulence because it has a long back focal length (3017 mm). Using the proposed technique, the MOS wavefront error was measured and satisfactory results were obtained.
Phase-shifting interferometry based on induced vibrations
(Optics Express, 2011) Quiroga Mellado, Juan Antonio; Vargas Balbuena, Javier; Álvarez Herrero, Alberto; Belenguer Dávila, Tomás
The presence of uncontrolled mechanical vibrations is typically the main precision-limiting factor of a phase-shifting interferometer. We present a method that instead of trying to insolate vibrations; it takes advantage of their presence to produce the different phase-steps. The method is based on spatial and time domain processing techniques to compute first the different unknown phase-steps and then reconstruct the phase from these tilt-shifted interferograms. In order to compensate the camera movement, it is needed to perform an affine registration process between the different interferograms. Simulated and experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique without the use of any phase-shifter device