Person:
Nieva Ramos, Silvia

First Name

Silvia

Last Name

Nieva Ramos

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/79999

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Psicología

Department

Psicología Experimental, Procesos Cognitivos y Logopedia

Area

Psicología Básica

Identifiers

Full item page

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 16

Project number: 137
Técnicas de evaluación e intervención en Logopedia: base de datos audiovisual de la Unidad Clínica de Logopedia.
(2015) Nieva Ramos, Silvia; Bartuilli Pérez, Mónica; González Calero, Pedro Antonio; Melle Hernández, Natalia; Murillo Sanz, Eva; Pareja Lora, Antonio; Sáenz Pérez, Fernando; Schüller Moreno, Maria Teresa
El proyecto consiste en creación y virtualización de una base de datos audiovisual estructurada de sesiones de evaluación e intervención llevadas a cabo con pacientes que acuden a tratamiento a la Clínica de Logopedia de la UCM con objetivos docentes y de investigación, dando acceso a los alumnos al visionado de vídeos para realizar sesiones de análisis y estudio de casos clínicos a partir de los procesos de evaluación e intervención para las distintas patologías que son su ámbito de estudio.
Assessment of Oral Skills in Adolescents
(Children, 2021) Gràcia, Marta; Alvarado Izquierdo, Jesús María; Nieva Ramos, Silvia; Muratori, Pietro
There is broad consensus on the need to foster oral skills in middle school due to their inherent importance and because they serve as a tool for learning and acquiring other competences. In order to facilitate the assessment of communicative competence, we hereby propose a model which establishes five key dimensions for effective oral communication: interaction management; multimodality and prosody; textual coherence and cohesion; argumentative strategies; and lexicon and terminology. Based on this model, we developed indicators to measure the proposed dimensions, thus generating a self-report tool to assess oral communication in middle school. Following an initial study conducted with 168 students (mean age = 12.47 years, SD = 0.41), we selected 22 items with the highest discriminant power, while in a second study carried out with a sample of 960 students (mean age 14.11 years, SD = 0.97), we obtained evidence concerning factorial validity and the relationships between oral skills, emotional intelligence and metacognitive strategies related to metacomprehension. We concluded that the proposed model and its derived measure constitute an instrument with good psychometric properties for a reliable and valid assessment of students’ oral competence in middle school.
Temporal acoustic properties of the sibilant fricative /s/ for the differential diagnosis of dysarthria and apraxia of speech in Spanish speakers
(Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 2023) Melle Hernández, Natalia; Lahoz Bengoechea, José María; Nieva Ramos, Silvia; Gallego López, Carlos
Dysarthria and Apraxia of Speech (AoS) are motor speech disorders in which neurological lesions differentially affect motor control, possibly leading to noticeable differences in articulation and consequently sound production. Among the sounds requiring greater motor capacity because of its articulatory complexity is the voiceless alveolar sibilant fricative /s/. The aim of this study was to identify acoustic variables able to distinguish between dysarthria and AoS, and between these disorders and normal speech in Spanish speakers. The production of this fricative was acoustically examined in 28 individuals with motor neurological disorders (20 with dysarthria, 8 with AoS) and in 28 neurologically healthy persons. Participants repeated 12 monosyllabic words containing the fricative plus one of the five Spanish vowels. The variables measured were absolute durations of the fricative, vowel, and fricative+vowel sequence, along with the vowel-to-fricative duration ratio. Findings indicate that duration of the fricative can distinguish between controls and speakers with dysarthria, but not between controls and speakers with AoS. Measures related to vowel duration served to distinguish between speakers with dysarthria and speakers with AoS and between each of them and controls. Further, speakers with dysarthria and those with AoS differed from each other and from controls in terms of articulatory variability; speakers with dysarthria showing most variability. In the latter participants, articulatory variability was higher for unrounded segments, vowels and fricatives, while in speakers with AoS this variability was higher for rounded segments. These observations are discussed within a framework of motor control models.
Observar y medir el desarrollo gramatical temprano en español
(Psicothema, 2010) Mariscal Altares, Sonia; Nieva Ramos, Silvia; López Ornat, Susana
Este estudio analiza si los datos procedentes de informes parentales son una fuente de información fiable sobre el desarrollo gramatical temprano. Se trata de un estudio de validez concurrente que compara la información aportada por los padres a través la versión española de los Inventarios MacArthur-Bates con medidas tomadas a partir del habla espontánea de los 35 niños participantes. Se elaboró un protocolo observacional para evaluar el nivel de desarrollo gramatical en niños menores de 2,06 años de edad. Se analizaron las relaciones entre las puntuaciones en los inventarios, los datos procedentes del protocolo observacional y la longitud media de las emisiones (LME) producidas espontáneamente por los niños. Los resultados muestran que los informes parentales sobre el desarrollo gramatical de los niños correlacionan bien con las otras dos medidas, aunque en diferente grado. Las implicaciones de estas diferencias son discutidas en relación al problema de la medida del lenguaje en las primeras fases del desarrollo gramatical.
The role of spontaneous verbal repetition sequences as shared discourse in early linguistic development
(Journal for the Study of Education and Development, 2021) Casla, Marta; Moreno, Rebeca; Rodríguez, Jessica; Méndez-Cabezas, Celia; Nieva Ramos, Silvia; Murillo Sanz, Eva
Spontaneous verbal repetition is part of early adult–child conversational interchanges. However, most of the studies devoted to verbal repetition analyse child-produced and adult-produced repetition independently. The aim of this study is to analyse verbal repetition sequences that are extended by children and adults participating in turns. We carried out a longitudinal study of 17 parent–child dyads, which included children from the ages of 21 to 30 months. Results show that the frequency of these sequences decreases in the older age range, while the frequency of simple verbal repetitions increases. Participation in repetition sequences is related to the lexical and grammatical development that occurs within the younger ages. Verbal repetition sequences are discussed in terms of their role in early interactions, since they promote attention to the interlocutor and the co-construction of linguistic structures.
Verbal and More: Multimodality in Adults’ and Toddlers’ Spontaneous Repetitions
(Verbal and More: Multimodality in Adults’ and Toddlers’ Spontaneous Repetitions, 2021) Casla Soler, Marta; Rodríguez, Jessica; Mendez-Cabezas, Celia; Murillo Sanz, Eva; Nieva Ramos, Silvia; Rujas Pascual, Irene
This study investigated verbal imitation from a multimodal point of view, considering the mutual influence of children’s and adults’ participation. Sixteen Spanish-speaking children were observed longitudinally at 21, 24, and 30 months of age in natural settings. We analyzed the multimodal characteristics of children’s and adults’ repetitions, considering whether they were verbal, verbal-gestural, or gestural. In addition, we also analyzed the multi-modal characteristics of the utterances that were repeated (source). Measures of vocabulary and grammatical levels were also taken into account at the three points in development. Results showed that verbal-gestural repetitions were frequent in the speech of children and adults, although not as frequent as verbal repetitions. Nevertheless, verbal-gestural speech was reproduced more frequently than verbal speech. Adults were more likely to reproduce children’s speech when it included gestures, which was also related to children’s linguistic level. Furthermore, children and adults synchronize their multimodal communicative behaviors, coordinating the modality of their repetitions with the modality of the source speech. The results are discussed taking into account the need to study the multimodal characteristics of child-directed speech, as well as the need to study verbal repetition and multimodal communicative behaviors simultaneously, as forms of interaction that are essential to language development.
Anticipatory coarticulation of the Spanish alveolar fricative /s/ in adults with apraxia versus dysarthria
(Revista de Investigación en Logopedia, 2024) Melle Hernández, Natalia; Lahoz Bengoechea, José María; Gallego López, Carlos; Nieva Ramos, Silvia
This acoustic study compares anticipatory coarticulation characteristics of the Spanish alveolar sibilant fricative /s/ when in utterance-initial position followed by a vowel in adults with dysarthria and apraxia of speech. Three groups of participants (28 individuals with no speech disorder, 20 with dysarthria, and 8 with apraxia of speech) produced 12 monosyllabic words that included the five vowel sounds of Central-Peninsular Spanish. The acoustic measurements compared within and between groups were frequency of the spectral intensity peak (FreqMid) in different zones of fricative execution, magnitude of the change in frequency of the spectral intensity peak (ΔFreq) in the end zone compared to the average of the initial and middle zones, first three spectral moments, and the difference in spectral center of gravity between the middle and end zones (DiffM-E CoG). Several of these measures were able to differentiate between dysarthric and healthy speech, especially when /s/ was followed by an unrounded vowel, and the same occurred for apraxia, but this time when the adjacent vowel was rounded. While both disorders showed similar spectral patterns, the two motor speech disorders differed in terms of the measures FreqMid and DiffM-E CoG. Possible explanations for these differences are here discussed within the framework of motor control models.
Effects of Intraoperative Infusion of Esmolol on Systemic and Pulmonary Inflammation in a Porcine Experimental Model of Lung Resection Surgery
(Anesthesia & Analgesia, 2019) Garutti Martínez, Ignacio; Rancán, Lisa; Abubakra, Selma; Simón Adiego, Carlos María; Paredes Royano, Sergio Damián; Ortega, Javier; Huerta Martínez, Luis Javier; Nieva Ramos, Silvia; Vara Ameigeiras, Elena María
Abstract BACKGROUND: Lung resection surgery (LRS) is associated with systemic and pulmonary inflammation, which can affect postoperative outcomes. Activation of β-adrenergic receptors increases the expression of proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, and their blockade may attenuate the systemic inflammatory response. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a continuous perioperative intravenous perfusion of esmolol on postoperative pulmonary edema in an experimental model of LRS requiring periods of one-lung ventilation (OLV). METHODS: Twenty-four large white pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups: control (CON), esmolol (ESM), and sham. The ESM group received an intravenous esmolol bolus (0.5 mg/kg) and then an esmolol infusion (0.05 mg·kg−1·minute−1) throughout the procedure. The CON group received the same volume of 0.9% saline solution as the ESM group plus a continual infusion of saline. The sham group underwent a left thoracotomy without LRS or OLV. At the end of the LRS, the animals were awakened, and after 24 hours, they underwent general anesthesia again. Lung biopsies and plasma samples were obtained to analyze the levels and expression of inflammatory mediators, and the animals also received a bronchoalveolar lavage. RESULTS: At 24 hours after the operation, the ESM group had less lung edema and lower expression of the proinflammatory biomarkers tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin (IL)-1 compared to the CON group for both lung lobes. For the mediastinal lobe biopsies, the mean difference and 95% confidence interval (CI) between the groups for edema, TNF, and IL-1 were 14.3 (95% CI, 5.6–23.1), P = .002; 0.19 (95% CI, 0.07–0.32), P = .002; and 0.13 (95% CI, 0.04–0.22), P = .006, respectively. In the left upper lobe, the mean differences for edema, TNF, and IL-1 were 12.4 (95% CI, 4.2–20.6), P = .003; 0.25 (95% CI, 0.12–0.37), P < .001; and 0.3 (95% CI, 0.08–0.53), P = .009. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that esmolol reduces lung edema and inflammatory responses in the intraoperative and postoperative periods in animals that underwent LRS with OLV.
Allocation and funding of Speech and Language Therapy for children with Developmental Language Disorders across Europe and beyond
(Research in Developmental Disabilities, 2022) Hanne B. Søndergaard Knudsen; Niloufar Jalali-Moghadam; Nieva Ramos, Silvia; Ewa Czaplewska; Marja Laasonen; Ellen Gerrits; Cristina McKean; James Law
Background: Children with Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) have a significant deficit in spoken language ability which affects their communication skills, education, mental health, employment and social inclusion. Aim: The present study reports ﬁndings from a survey by EU network COST ACTION 1406 and aims to explore differences in service delivery and funding of SLT services for children with DLD across Europe and beyond. Methods and procedures: The survey was completed by 5024 European professionals. COST countries were grouped into Nordic, Anglo-Saxon, Continental, Mediterranean, Central/Eastern and Non-European categories. The use of direct, indirect and mixed interventions, and their relationship to funding available (public, private or mixed) were considered for further analysis. Outcomes and results: The results revealed that for direct therapy, there were more cases than expected receiving private funding. For indirect therapy, fewer than expected received private and more than expected public funding. For mixed therapy, fewer cases than expected received private funding. Conclusions and implications: The results implies that other factors than evidence-based practices, practitioners experience, and patient preferences, drive choices in therapy. More research is needed to gain a better understanding of factors affecting the choice of therapy.
Intervención logopédica naturalista con familias de hablantes tardíos: efectos en el lenguaje infantil y en los intercambios adultos
(Revista de Investigación en Logopedia, 2021) Moreno, Rebeca; Nieva Ramos, Silvia
El objetivo del presente artículo es valorar la eficacia de un programa de intervención logopédica de corte naturalista. Fueron seleccionadas 16 familias monolingües españolas con hijos/as hablantes tardíos/as de entre 24 y 29 meses de edad, y, posteriormente, asignadas a dos condiciones experimentales (intervención y control). Las familias pertenecientes al grupo de intervención se beneficiaron de un programa logopédico de intervención naturalista en el que las rutinas familiares se utilizaron para estimular el desarrollo comunicativo y lingüístico de los/as niños/as y para desarrollar estilos conversacionales ajustados a su nivel de comunicación y lenguaje. Con las familias del grupo control se empleó la estrategia “wait and see” (esperar y ver). Pasados cuatro meses de intervención naturalista, los resultados informaron de que las familias del grupo de intervención usaban más conductas ajustadas y sus hijos presentaban un vocabulario más extenso y producían más combinaciones de palabras frente al grupo control.