Person:
Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La

First Name

Jesús De La

Last Name

Fuente Vázquez

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/80608

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Veterinaria

Department

Producción Animal

Area

Producción Animal

Identifiers

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 24

Effects of Randomly Fired Underwater Currents as an Occupational Enrichment Program in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
(Water, 2021) Villarroel, Morris; Miranda de la Lama, Genaro C.; Bermejo Poza, Rubén; Pérez, Concepción; González De Chávarri Echániz, Elisabeth; Torrent, Fernando; Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La
Occupational enrichment (OE) is directed at introducing variations in the tank water so that fish can exercise as they do in the wild. Two trials were carried out to test the effects of randomly fired underwater currents (RFC) on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) maintained in tanks in a recirculation system, using 1226 trout distributed in two independent trials. In Trial 1, fingerling trout (n = 6 tanks, n = 40 fish per tank) were classified into two groups based on low (13%) or high (30%) coefficient of variation in live weight (CV), and exposed to RFC or no currents (controls). In Trial 2, adult trout (n = 12 tanks, n = 20 fish per tank) were either exposed to RFC or to a constant current (controls) from two submerged pumps. Both trials lasted four weeks. No significant differences in growth were observed between treatments in either trial. In Trial 1, RFC fish maintained a similar CV throughout the trial, while CV decreased in controls. Also, in Trial 1, plasma cortisol levels were higher and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) levels lower in tanks with a low initial CV. In Trial 2, the CV was lower in RFC trout, where cortisol levels were also significantly lower and triglycerides significantly higher. The results suggest that OE using RFC can have positive effects by helping to reduce stress levels, and provides fish with biologically meaningful environmental enrichment related to the natural history of the species.
Effect of a Diet Supplemented with Malic Acid–Heat (MAH) Treated Sunflower on Carcass Characteristics, Meat Composition and Fatty Acids Profile in Growing Lambs
(Animals, 2020) Haro, Andres; de Evan, Trinidad; Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La; Díaz, María Teresa; González Cano, Javier; Carro, María Dolores
The objective of the study was to assess the effects of feeding sunflower meal (SM) and seeds (SS) protected against rumen degradation on carcass characteristics and composition and fatty acid (FA) profile of lamb meat. The protection of SM and SS was achieved by treating both feeds with malic acid at 150 ◦C for 2 h (MAH treatment) and in a previous study this treatment was shown to decrease ruminal degradability of protein of both feeds and fat degradability of SS. Two homogeneous groups of 12 lambs each were fed ad libitum high-cereal concentrates and cereal straw from 14 to 26 kg of body weight. The two concentrates differed only in the treatment SM and SS, which were included either untreated (control) or MAH treated. The MAH-fed lambs had greater thickness of dorsal fat (p = 0.016) and greater (p ≤ 0.016) values of the color parameters a* (redness) and C* (chromaticity) of the Rectus abdominis muscle. However, there were no differences in carcass measurements and in water-holding capacity, chemical composition, pH, color, or fatty acid of Longissimus muscle. In summary, the MAH treatment resulted in only subtle changes in meat composition and quality. However, there were no differences between groups in meat chemical composition and fatty acid profile.
Bienestar animal en el transporte de conejos a matadero
(2004) Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La; Ibáñez Talegón, Miguel; González de Chávarri Echaniz, Elisabeth
En la tesis se ha estudiado los efectos que tiene el transporte comercial a matadero sobre el bienestar de los conejos. Para la realización de la tesis se han empleado 276 animales. En el estudio del transporte comercial se evaluaron dos épocas de transporte (verano e invierno) y dos densidades de carga (alta y baja). Se realizaron distintas pruebas de estrés en laboratorio para estudiar independientemente algunos factores estresantes implicados en el transporte, entre ellos se han estudiado el estrés térmico, el estrés por ruido, el estrés por mezcla social y el estrés por cambio de jaula. Se utilizó como referencia un grupo de conejos sometido exclusivamente al manejo previo al sacrificio. Durante la exsanguinación se obtuvo una muestra de sangre para estudiar los parámetros relacionados con el bienestar: cortisol, creatinin kinasa (CK), lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH), lactato, glucosa, hematocrito, osmolaridad, albúminas y globulinas. Se realizó además una valoración de la calidad de la canal y de la carne, estudiándose la concentración de glúcogeno hepático y muscular, así como el pH muscular, la capacidad de retención de agua y la humedad del músculo, además del color de la canal y de la carne. El grupo de conejos transportados en verano mostró un mayor compromiso de su nivel de bienestar, ya que mostraron una mayor concentración de cortisol en sangre. Todos los conejos transportados a matadero mostraron una adaptación al mismo ya que los parámetros relacionados con lesión y fatiga muscular, CK y LDH, fueron menores que conejos sometidos a manejo, aunque la adaptación fue menor en los transportados en verano. La calidad de la canal y de la carne también se vio afectada por la época de transporte, dando canales más oscuras los conejos transportados en época estival. Dentro de las pruebas de estrés en laboratorio, se ha encontrado que el calor asociado a una densidad elevada es el factor que más comprometió el bienestar de los conejos y además presentan una reducción de la calidad de la canal y de la carne
Effect of the inclusion of rumenprotected amino acids in the diet of growing beef cattle on animal performance and meat quality
(Frontiers in Animal Science, 2023) Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La; Diaz, M.T.; Bermejo Poza, Rubén; Martínez del Olmo, D.; Mateos , J.; Llanes, N.; Jimeno, V.; Cabezas Albéniz, Almudena; Batista, E.D.
Introduction: This study investigated the impact of rumen-protected amino acids on beef cattle's growth, fattening performance, and meat quality. Methods: Two groups of 40 Montbeliard steers (237.8 ± 30 kg body weight) were housed separately and fed, with mono-tunnel feeders, either a control diet (CON) or a diet containing rumen-protected lysine and methionine with 3% less crude protein (APR). Feed consumption and weight were tracked in all animals, and meat quality analysis focused on the longissimus muscle, with 10 steers randomly selected from each treatment. Results and discussion: Results for overall performance revealed no significant differences in body weight, average daily gain (ADG), and concentrate conversion ratio between the CON and APR diets (p > 0.05). However, during the final 90 days of the trial, the APR group showed significantly higher ADG (p < 0.05) than the CON group, while the concentrate conversion ratio was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the CON group compared to the APR group. The hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, and carcass conformation did not differ significantly between the CON and APR diets (p > 0.05). There was a slight tendency (p = 0.06) for higher fatness score in the CON group. Regarding meat composition, the diet did not significantly affect proximate composition, but a tendency (p = 0.059) for higher crude protein content in APR cattle's meat compared to the CON group was observed. The APR meat showed slightly lower levels of C17:1 (0.56% vs. 0.72%) and C18:1n9 (31.7% vs. 34%). There was a tendency for C14:0 to be lower (P = 0.07), and for C16:0, C18:2 and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to be greater in meat from cattle fed APR compared to CON. However, meat quality attributes like pH, water-holding capacity, color, and texture were similar in both CON and APR groups (p > 0.05). The findings indicate that utilizing rumen-protected amino acids enables formulating diets with reduced crude protein levels while enhancing nitrogen utilization efficiency for protein synthesis in intensively reared steers. Importantly, these dietary improvements do not adversely affect meat quality.
Animal Protection in Filming in the Context of Spain
(Animals, 2023) De Damborenea Martín, P.; Bermejo Poza, Rubén; Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La
Animals have fundamentally contributed to the development and growth of different cinematographic and audiovisual activities. As established in article 13 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), the basic text that establishes the objectives of the EU and from which the regulations or directives emanate, animal welfare is protected for the good of the general interest and therefore, must be taken into account when developing different European Union policies, especially those that may affect the internal market. This work aims to analyze each of the European regulations on animal protection and welfare to subsequently focus on each of the animal protection codes of the different countries of the union, trying to determine those premises related to the protection or the welfare of the animals that participate in these types of activities. We also wanted to make a brief comparison with countries such as the United Kingdom (UK) or the United States of America (USA), which are highly relevant to this topic. As a result of this analysis, the absence of standardized norms in the European Union has been revealed; however, in the UK and the USA, specific laws related to animal use in film media exist. Therefore, to develop new standards that guarantee the protection of animals in audiovisual productions in the EU are necessary, and these standards could also be expanded to other sectors or activities related to working animals.
Effect of ice stunning versus electronarcosis on stress response and flesh quality of rainbow trout
(Aquaculture, 2021) Bermejo Poza, Rubén; Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La; González De Chávarri Echániz, Elisabeth; Díaz Díaz Chirón, María Teresa; Fernández-Muela Garrote, Montserrat; Pérez, Concepción; Torrent, Fernando; Villarroel, Morris; Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La
In recent years, concerns about fish welfare have increased in aquaculture, most pointedly regarding the slaughter process. Immersion in ice water (live chilling) is still commonly used as a stunning method in salmonids, but can have negative effects on the stress response and flesh quality. A valid alternative is electronarcosis, but the specific details of the intensity and frequency of the current applied depend on the species and size, and little is known about how that may affect fish welfare or product quality. In this study, adult rainbow trout (294 ± 8.44 g average weight) were subjected to three different stunning methods before slaughter: immersion in ice water and electronarcosis at two different current intensities (200 or 400 mA). Electronarcosis caused fish to lose consciousness faster than those live chilled. Plasma concentration of cortisol was lower in fish stunned with 400 mA (400 mA: 5.2 ± 0.67 vs. Ice: 9.1 ± 0.90; 200 mA: 9.3 ± 1.20 ng/ml). Creatine-phosphokinase enzyme levels were higher in ice stunned fish compared to electronarcosis (Ice: 168 ± 2.32 vs. 200 mA: 114 ± 0.89; 400 mA: 104 ± 0.62 U/l). Regarding flesh quality, initial muscle pH was lower in fish stunned by ice immersion than by electronarcosis (Ice: 6.49 ± 0.034 vs. 200 mA: 6.76 ± 0.050; 400 mA: 6.61 ± 0.04), presenting also an earlier onset of rigor mortis. Fish stunned with 400 mA electronarcosis also presented higher levels of muscle glycogen than those stunned with ice water (0.181 ± 0.029 vs. 0.101 ± 0.013 mg/g). In conclusion, electronarcosis is a stunning method that can produce an immediate loss of consciousness in rainbow trout, reducing stress response before slaughter and improving flesh quality (with higher benefits using a current intensity of 400 mA), in contrast to immersion in ice water.
Effects of Fasting on Intermediary Metabolism Enzymes in the Liver and Muscle of Rainbow Trout
(Fishes, 2023) Fernández-Muela Garrote, Montserrat; Bermejo Poza, Rubén; Cabezas Albéniz, Almudena; Pérez, Concepción; González De Chávarri Echániz, Elisabeth; Díaz, María Teresa; Torrent, Fernando; Villarroel, Morris; Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La
Fish can go through periods of feed deprivation, either due to natural causes influenced by temperature or management techniques in animal production, affecting their energy metabolism differently, depending on the duration of fasting in days and water temperature. This study showed the effect of different days of fasting before slaughter in rainbow trout by analyzing the intermediary metabolic enzymes in the muscle and liver. For this purpose, a non-fasting group was compared with trout that fasted for 5, 10, and 20 days (55, 107, and 200 degree days (°C d), respectively). A first phase of increased activity of enzymes involved in glycolysis was observed, increasing hexokinase enzyme activity in muscle and pyruvate kinase enzyme activity in muscle and liver. As the fasting days progressed, enzymes involved in the gluconeogenic and glycogenolytic pathways in the liver such as lactate dehydrogenase and glycogen phosphorylase increased their activity regarding the no fasted group. After 20 days of fasting (200 °C d), lipogenic and protein related enzyme activity depletion was observed, leading to significant changes in energy metabolism. Therefore, prolonged fasting with high degree days duration may compromise the energy supply for the vital development of rainbow trout.
Empleo de herramientas informáticas de estudio para la formación en Bienestar Animal en la Facultad de Veterinaria de la UCM
(VII Jornada Campus Virtual UCM: valorar, validar y difundir Campus Virtual, 2012) Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La; Lauzurica Gómez, María Ascensión Sara; González De Chávarri Echániz, Elisabeth; Arias Álvarez, María; Olivares Moreno, Álvaro; Ibañez Talegón, Miguel; Más Álvarez, Blanca
El empleo de herramientas informáticas para la asignatura Bienestar animal ha permitido desarrollar un método activo de enseñanza donde no solo se pretende que el alumno adquiera conocimientos y competencias, sino también la aplicación de estos conocimientos a la práctica y a la resolución de problemas. En este sentido, la enseñanza está orientada a enseñar a aprender y a un aprendizaje basado en la evidencia. El empleo de las TIC dentro de la formación en Bienestar Animal permite que los alumnos puedan aprender de una forma práctica mediante el uso de videos, sonidos e imágenes, sin tener que estar en una granja, en un animalario o en un camión de transporte. La utilización del recurso Animal Ethics Dilemma, herramienta basada en un juego de rol que se adapta al punto de vista ético inicial del alumno, provoca una reflexión crítica que se sobrepone a la visión inicial por parte del alumno. Se trata de un motor provocativo, ya que conoce la perspectiva personal del alumno y señala diferentes alternativas, de forma que el estudiante ha de someterse a la tensión provocada por la evolución de situaciones problemáticas desde el punto de vista ético. De esta manera se propician nuevas formas de interacción entre alumno y profesor y nuevas formas de estudio y aprendizaje, mejorando la calidad de la formación, al tiempo que se propicia la adquisición de competencias necesarias en los estudiantes de Grado en Veterinaria y sirviendo como apoyo a la enseñanza presencial en el aula. Además este recurso estimula a los estudiantes para llevar a cabo un pensamiento crítico sobre ellos mismos y sobre otras personas.
Animal performance and meat characteristics in steers reared in intensive conditions fed with different vegetable oils
(Animal, 2016) Castro Madrigal, Teresa; Cabezas Albéniz, Almudena; Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La; Isabel Redondo, Beatriz; Manso Alonso, María Teresa; Jimeno Vinatea, Vicente; Teresa Castro Madrigal
Enhancing the quality of beef meat is an important goal in terms of improving both the nutritional value for the consumer and the commercial value for producers. The aim of this work was to study the effects of different vegetable oil supplements on growth performance, carcass quality and meat quality in beef steers reared under intensive conditions. A total of 240 Blonde D’ Aquitaine steers (average BW=293.7±38.88 kg) were grouped into 24 batches (10 steers/batch) and were randomly assigned to one of the three dietary treatments (eight batches per treatment), each supplemented with either 4% hydrogenated palm oil (PALM) or fatty acids (FAs) from olive oil (OLI) or soybean oil (SOY). No differences in growth performance or carcass quality were observed. For the meat quality analysis, a steer was randomly selected from each batch and the 6th rib on the left half of the carcass was dissected. PALM meat had the highest percentage of 16:0 (P<0.05) and the lowest n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) ratio (P<0.05), OLI had the highest content of t11-18:1 (P<0.01) and c9,t11-18:2 (P<0.05) and SOY showed the lowest value of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (P<0.001), the highest percentage of PUFA (P<0.01) and a lower index of atherogenicity (P=0.07) than PALM. No significant differences in the sensory characteristics of the meat were noted. However, the results of the principal component analysis of meat characteristics enabled meat from those steers that consumed fatty acids from olive oil to be differentiated from that of steers that consumed soybean oil.
Project number: 408
Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) para la formación en cría y producción ovina
(2021) Fuente Vázquez, Jesús De La; Díaz Díaz Chirón, María Teresa; Cabezas Albéniz, Almudena; Pérez Marcos, Concepción; González De Chávarri Echániz, Elisabeth; Lauzurica Gómez, María Ascensión Sara; Arribas García-Velasco, Pablo; Antoñanzas Fayos, Teresa; Rabanal Soto, Adrían; San Matías Álvarez, María; Díez Romera, Mariano; Martín Amores, Ruth
El desarrollo de TIC para el aprendizaje de los alumnos es de suma importancia en la situación actual. Se pretende el desarrollo de material audiovisual para que la adquisición de las competencias en materia de manejo, cría y producción ovina.