Person:
García Joral, Fernando

First Name

Fernando

Last Name

García Joral

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Ciencias Geológicas

Department

Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología

Area

Paleontología

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 41

Linking Western Tethyan Rhynchonellide morphogroups to the key post-Palaeozoic extinction and turnover events
(Elsevier, 2020-09-01) Baeza Carratalá, José Francisco; García Joral, Fernando
Genetic control undoubtedly plays the most decisive role in the development of characters in rhynchonellides, especially in those structural features such as shell microstructure and brachidial architecture. However, considering the relationship between shell microstructure and type of crura in post-Palaeozoic rhynchonellides supported by recent growing research, the present study links this striking matching to the distribution of rhynchonellide morphogroups around the main post-Palaeozoic mass extinction and diversification events, innovatively introducing the ribbing pattern as a feature widely argued as indicator of deeper/shallower habitats and particular ecological conditions. The analyses performed on the Western Tethys rhynchonellide database and, directly on 28 species from the peri-Iberian margins around selected post-Palaeozoic extinction/diversification episodes, reveal a recurrent distribution pattern according to the habitat considered (epicontinental vs. epioceanic). The smooth, eurinoid, septifal/arcual body plan is the distinctive inhabitant of deeper epioceanic environments, also being the last to withdraw from the epicontinental platforms when the environmental conditions were adverse, and the pioneers or opportunistic taxa conducting repopulation of these epicontinental habitats when the conditions were re-established after crises. The ribbed, eurinoid, falciform morphogroup seems to be the more resilient stock on epicontinental platforms in relation to ecological crises. Conversely, the ribbed, leptinoid, raducal group is typical inhabitant of epicontinental seas when normal conditions prevail and shows an uneven distribution unlinked to critical events, suggesting a more specialist pattern with a diversification related with a secondary differentiation. It is suggested that this distribution dynamic of morphogroups was controlled by the availability of requirements to generate each type of crura and microstructure in epicontinental/epioceanic habitats, such as metabolic or oxygen restrictions, or the filter-feeding efficiency of the lophophore. A research line starting-point is thus herein introduced which can lead to shed light into the adaptive strategies of rhynchonellides, relating particular morphotypes with potential triggering factors of mass extinction events.
Sphaeroidothyris uretae sp. nov. (Brachiopoda, Terebratulida) del Aaleniense superior (Jurásico) del Sector Septentrional de la Cordillera Ibérica (España)
(Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2005) García Joral, Fernando
Se describe una nueva especie de terebratúlido del Aaleniense del norte de España desde el punto de vista sistemático. Sphaeroidothyris uretae sp. nov. se distingue por su pequeña talla, la gibosidad de ambas valvas en la zona umbonal, el ángulo normalmente agudo de unión de las valvas en la comisura frontal, muy poco plegada, y el nates fuerte y saliente con un foramen redondeado muy pequeño. Se ha asignado esta especie al género Sphaeroidothyris en función de estos caracteres de gibosidad y leve plegamiento de la comisura frontal, aunque se reconoce la posible heterogeneidad de esta agrupación. Se describe asimismo el marco estratigráfico de S. uretae sp. nov. y se citan y figuran las otras especies de braquiópodos que aparecen en asociación con ella, así como sus afinidades paleobiogeográficas. [ABSTRACT] The systematic description of a new species of terebratulid from the Aalenian of northern Spain is presented. Sphaeroidothyris uretae sp. nov. is distinctive for the small size of the specimens, with both valves inflated at the umbonal region, strong beak carrying a very small round foramen, and a slightly folded anterior commissure, that commonly shows the valve margins meeting at a sharp angle. It has been assigned to the genus Sphaeroidothyris on the basis of the inflation and slight folding of the shell, though a certain heterogeneity is recognised within this genus. S. uretae sp. nov. is stated in terms of the regional stratigraphic framework, and the other brachiopod species which co-occur with it are also cited and figured. Finally, the paleobiogeographic affinities of the association with S. uretae sp. nov. are outlined.
Las sucesiones de braquiópodos en el tránsito Lías-Dogger en la Cordillera Ibérica
(Editorial Complutense, 1990) García Joral, Fernando; Goy, Antonio; Ureta Gil, María Soledad
Durante el tránsito Lias-Dogger se producen cambios en las asociaciones de braquiópodos, que han sido atribuidos por algunos autores a importantes eventos de renovación en las faunas de este grupo. En la Cordillera Ibérica se aprecian modificaciones importantes en las asociaciones del Toarciense superior y Aaleniense inferior La existencia de numerosas secciones con materiales de este intervalo que muestran un notable desarrollo, ha permitido describir de forma precisa la distribución estratigráfica de las especies de braquiópodos en diferentes sectores de la cuenca (Fig. 1) y analizar de qué manera inciden las facies en la distribución de las asociaciones (Fig. 2). Entre los Rhynchonéllidos. R. goyi aparece en la parte superior de la Zona Pseudoradiosa o en la parte inferior de la Zona Aalensis. En ambientes donde la sedimentación es margosa es sustituida en la parte media o superior de la Zona Aalensis por H. cynorephala, que a su vez es sustituida por G. subobsoheta cuando se produce una sedimentación calcárea posterior. Si la sedimentación es continuadamente calcárea. R. goyi puede persistir hasta el techo de la Zona Aalensis. Entre los Terebratúlidos, las especies reconocidas del género Stroudihyris, S. infraoolithica, S. stephanoides y S. písolithica se reemplazan a lo largo del intervalo considerado. La sustitución es gradual y es difícil precisar el momento en que ocurre. No obstante, en la transformación S. stephanoides, S. písolithica, hacia la parte media de la Zona Aalensis, los morfotipos correspondientes a la última de estas especies dominan en ambientes de sedimentación margosa y los que corresponden a la primera dominan en ambientes de sedimentación calcárea. Los Zeilléridos están poco representados en la cuenca durante este intervalo. Su distribución es relativamente homogénea. si bien tanto A. blakei como Z.(C.) anglica son más abundantes cuando la sedimentación es margosa. Los datos obtenidos permiten inferir que no se ha producido un cambio notable en las asociaciones de braquiópodos coincidiendo con el limite Toarciense-Aaleniense. Una renovación importante tiene lugar en la Zona Pseudoradiosa. Entre las Subzonas Aalensis y Buckmani se produce un cambio apreciable en las asociaciones y lo mismo ocurre entre las Subzonas Opalinum y Comptum.
The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) of the Toarcian-Aalenian Boundary (Lower-Middle Jurassic)
(International Union of Geological Sciences, 2001) Cresta, S.; Goy, Antonio; Ureta Gil, María Soledad; Arias Fernández, María del Carmen; Barrón López, Eduardo; Bernard García, Julio; Canales Fernández, María Luisa; García Joral, Fernando; García Romero, Emilia; Gialanella, P.R.; Gómez Fernández, Juan José; González, J.A.; Herrero Matesanz, Concepción; Martínez Gutiérrez, Gemma; Osete López, María Luisa; Perilli, Nicola; Villalaín, J.J.
The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Aalenian Stage, formally defined at the base of bed FZ107 in the Fuentelsaz section, Castilian Branch of the Iberian Range (Spain), has been ratified by the IUGS. Multidisciplinary biostratigraphical data, based on ammonites, brachiopods, ostracods, bivalves, foraminifera, calcareous nannofossils assemblages and palynomorphs, assure worldwide correlations; magnetostratigraphic data increase this correlation power. The position of the boundary coincides with the first occurrence of the ammonite assemblage characterized by Leioceras opalinum and Leioceras lineatum and corresponds with a normal polarity interval correlated with the up-to-date Jurassic magnetic polarity time scale (Gradstein and others, 1994; Ogg, 1995).
Lower Jurassic brachiopods from the Ibero-Levantine Sector (Iberian Range): Faunal turnovers and critical bioevents
(Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2016-12) Baeza Carratalá, José Francisco; García Joral, Fernando; Tent Manclús, José E.
Brachiopod fauna from the peri-Iberian platform system is well-known in the Late Pliensbachian-Toarcian interval. However, the diversity dynamics and the stratigraphical distribution of this group in the Ibero-Levantine Sector of the Iberian Range require more accurate analysis due to the patchy distribution of the outcrops. The abovementioned timespan involved a period of changes in long-term environmental conditions which led to a severe extinction and critical turnovers on the brachiopod fauna (ETMEE). The Ibero-Levantine sector has notable palaeobiogeographical significance as it represents the south-easternmost outcrops of the Iberian Range connecting with the Betic Domain positioned in the South-Iberian Palaeomargin. In this region, the brachiopod fauna has been arranged into six assemblages, showing a discontinuous stratigraphic distribution since its diversity dynamics is markedly conditioned by the extinction phases linked to the ETMEE: Ass. 1, recorded in the Spinatum-lower Tenuicostatum chronozones; Ass. 2, mainly recorded in the Tenuicostatum chronozone; Ass. 3, typifying the lower Serpentinum chronozone; Ass. 4, documented in the Serpentinum-lowermost Bifrons chronozones; Ass. 5, recorded in the Bifrons-Variabilis chronozones, and Ass. 6, distinctive of the Pseudoradiosa-Aalensis chronozones. The faunal succession shows strong affinities with the Euro-Boreal province, what rules out the transitional or even Mediterranean palaeogeographical affinity previously attributed to the southernmost part of this area. Amidst the main brachiopod-based bioevents must be considered the predominance of the genus Lobothyris in the pre-ETMEE assemblages, the conspicuous record of Liospiriferina? undulata, distinctive taxon of the north-African margin and, especially, the first record in the Iberian Peninsula of thecideid marker beds prior to the ETMEE. After the opportunistic strategy conducted by Soaresirhynchia bouchardi the distribution of the post-ETMEE brachiopod assemblages is markedly influenced by the depositional sequences, entailing premature turnovers and involving the earlier record of homeomorphic morphotypes of younger terebratulides and rhynchonellides.
Rhyncolite sp.(mandíbula de cefalópodo) del Toarciense superior de la Cordillera ibérica
(Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Servicio de Publicaciones, 1993) García Joral, Fernando; Martínez Gutiérrez, Gemma
Se describe un ejemplar fósil bien conservado de mandíbula de cefalópodo procedente del Toarciense superior (probablemente de la Zona Thouarsense) de los alrededores de Maranchón (Guadalajara). Sus características morfológicas y composicionales coinciden con las descritas para los rhyncholites s.s., que son considerados como el extremo calcificado de mandíbulas superiores de nautílidos. Esta es la primera vez que estos fósiles se reconocen en España, y la primera cita de mandíbulas fósiles de cefalópodos en la Cuenca Ibérica. Los rhyncholites s.s. han sido siempre citados asociados a facies epicontinentales, lo que coinciden con las condiciones de sedimentación supuestas para el área de Maranchón. La pieza mandibular hallada puede proceder de algún nautílido que, de forma casual, llegó al área de sedimentación antes de morir o ser producto de deriva necroplanctónica. La asociación tafonómica reconocida, compuesta por escasos ejemplares y únicamente adultos de talla grande, parece indicar que estos fósiles corresponden a conchas flotadas provenientes de otras áreas. En este caso, la deriva necroplanctónica afectó también a algunas partes blandas del organismo productor. [ABSTRACT] A fossil specimen of a cephalopod jaw from the Upper Toarcian (probably from the Thouarsense Zone) from the neighbourhood of Maranchón (Guadalajara) is described. Its morphological and compositional characgteristics agree with those described for Rhyncholites s.s., considered as the calcified end of the upper jaw of nautilids. this is the first time these fossils are recognized in Spain, and it is the first record of fossil jaws of cephalopods in the Iberian Basin.
Nuevos datos paleontológicos sobre el Cretácico Superior de Pálmaces de Jadraque y Veguillas (Guadalajara, España)
(Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, 2015) Moratilla-García, Miguel; Barroso Barcenilla, Fernando; Callapez, Pedro; García Joral, Fernando; Segura, Manuel
Con el fin de actualizar y ampliar los trabajos paleontológicos previos sobre el Cretácico Superior del Norte de Guadalajara, se han estudiado dos columnas estratigráficas en las localidades de Pálmaces de Jadraque y Veguillas. Las facies analizadas representan la transgresión y el comienzo de la regresión del Cenomaniense superior-Turoniense inferior. El material paleontológico recogido se ha estudiado sistemáticamente, identificándose: Seis taxones de bivalvos, dos taxones de gasterópodos, dos taxones de cefalópodos y dos taxones de equinoideos.
Early Toarcian (Jurassic) brachiopods from the Balearic Islands (Spain) and their paleobiogeographic context.
(Springer, 2022-09-05) García Joral, Fernando; Goy, Antonio; Rosales, Idoia; Barnolas Cortina, Antonio; Sevillano, Ana; López García, José María
The record of brachiopods in the Lower Toarcian of the Balearic Islands is described after a reassessment of previous works and new samplings in the Tramuntana Range of Mallorca. The recognized species have been assimilated to the assemblages described in the Iberian Range in the Tenuicostatum and Serpentinum biozones. Moreover, a detailed comparison with other Western Tethys basins and the study of the dispersion of the brachiopod faunas in relation with the Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, allow to refine the paleobiogeographic relationship of the Balearic brachiopods. They belong to the Euro-Boreal Province of brachiopods in the Tenuicostatum Biochron and correspond to the”Spanish Fauna” that emerged after the deep paleobiogeographic disruption that took place at the base of Serpentinum Biochron. The occurrence of Prionorhynchia msougari Rousselle in the Serpentinum Zone of Mallorca indicates that, within this last assemblage, there would be a closer connection between the Balearic region and the southern margin of the Tethys (Betic and North African basins) than with the northern margin (Eastern Iberian Platform System and Eastern Pyrenees). This paleobiogeographic conclusion is consistent with the supposed position of the Balearic area in the Early Toarcian, on the southeastern margin of Iberia and near the Alboran and Kabylian margins.
Conservation management of the aalenian stage GSSP in Fuentelsaz (Castilla-La Mancha, Spain)
(Università degli Studi di Milano, Italia, 2004) Goy, Antonio; Ureta Gil, María Soledad; García Joral, Fernando; Gómez Fernández, Juan José; Herrero Matesanz, Concepción; Martínez Gutiérrez, Gemma
The Global Boundary Stratotvpe Section and Point of the Toarcian-Aalenien Boundary (Lower-Middle Jurassic) in Fueuntelsaz Section is the first GSSP defined in Spain. Among the requirements of the ICS for the choice of the best boundarv level are accessibilitv to the type-section and free access for research, and guarantees from the respective authority concerning to the free access and the permanent protection of the site. In our point of view, the most suitable protection figure to safeguard the fulfilment of the ICS's requirements according to the Spanish Conservation Policy and Legislation is the Natural Monument. This paper deals with the consevation management and classification of the Fuentelsaz area as a Natural Monuntent. being the Comunidad de Castilla-La Mancha Authorities the ones that have to take the necessary steps to protect the site.
A new asymmetric rhynchonellide from the Cretaceous of the Eastern Prebetic (South-eastern Spain)
(Sociedad Española de Paleontología, 2023) Berrocal Casero, Melani; Baeza Carratalá, José Francisco; García Joral, Fernando
The external and internal features and the microstructure of the asymmetric rhynchonellides from the Albian–Cenomanian (Cretaceous) transition from the Alicante Province (Eastern Prebetic, Southeastern Spain) have been herein studied. Previous authors placed these rhynchonellides in Cyclothyris difformis, consequentlyattributing an unquestionable Cenomanian age (Upper Cretaceous)to the deposits in which they appear. The long dorsally concave crura and the leptinoid pattern microstructure of the shell confirm their attribution to the genus Cyclothyris. However, among other diagnostic criteria (e.g., ribbing pattern, relative width), C. difformis shows facultative type of asymmetry; while the forms studied here show obligate asymmetry. Therefore, the new species Cyclothyris ementitum sp. nov. is formally described, being characterized by the biconvexity of its shell, its obligate type of asymmetry and an ornamentation of around 25 ribs on each valve. Thus, the study and revision of these rhynchonellides has contributed to updating the record and distribution of the asymmetric Cretaceous rhynchonellides of the genus Cyclothyris. This work opens a new line of research to better understand the biostratigraphical calibration of the Cretaceous sediments from the Eastern Prebetic, and a new insight into the possible origin of the obligate asymmetry present in C. ementitum.