Person:
Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel

First Name

Manuel

Last Name

Cornide Castro-Piñeiro

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Ciencias Físicas

Area

Astronomía y Astrofísica

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 30

Application of the spectral subtraction technique to the Ca II H & K and H_ε lines in a sample of chromospherically active binaries
(EDP Sciences, 1995-12) Montes Gutiérrez, David; Castro Rubio, Elisa de; Fernández Figueroa, María José; Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel
We present new spectroscopic observations in the Ca II H & K line region for a sample of 28 chromospherically active binary systems (RS CVn and BY Dra classes), with different activity levels. By using the spectral subtraction technique (subtraction of a synthesized stellar spectrum constructed from reference stars of similar spectral type and luminosity class) we obtain the active-chromosphere contribution to the Ca II H & K lines and to the H_ε line when it is present. We have compared the emission equivalent widths obtained with this technique with those obtained by reconstruction of the absorption line profile below the emission peak(s). The emissions arising from each individual star were obtained when it was possible to deblend the contribution of both components. The Ca II line profiles corresponding to different seasons and orbital phases are analysed in order to determine the contribution of each component and to study the chromospheric activity variations.
A high-resolution spectroscopic survey of late-type stars: chromospheric activity, rotation, kinematics, and age
(EDP Sciencies, 2010-05) López Santiago, Javier; Montes Gutiérrez, David; Gálvez Ortiz, M. C.; Crespo Chacón, I.; Martínez Arnáiz, R. M.; Fernández Figueroa, María José; Castro Rubio, Elisa de; Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel
Aims. We present a compilation of spectroscopic data from a survey of 144 chromospherically active young stars in the solar neighborhood, which may be used to investigate different aspects of its formation and evolution in terms of kinematics and stellar formation history. The data have already been used by us in several studies. With this paper, we make all these data accessible to the scientific community for future studies on different topics. Methods. We performed spectroscopic observations with echelle spectrographs to cover the entirety of the optical spectral range simultaneously. Standard data reduction was performed with the IRAF echelle package. We applied the spectral subtraction technique to reveal chromospheric emission in the stars of the sample. The equivalent width of chromospheric emission lines was measured in the subtracted spectra and then converted to fluxes using equivalent width-flux relationships. Radial and rotational velocities were determined by the cross-correlation technique. Kinematics, equivalent widths of the lithium line lambda 6707.8 angstrom and spectral types were also determined. Results. A catalog of spectroscopic data is compiled: radial and rotational velocities, space motion, equivalent widths of optical chromospheric activity indicators from Ca II H & K to the calcium infrared triplet and the lithium line in lambda 6708 angstrom. Fluxes in the chromospheric emission lines and R(HK)' are also determined for each observation of a star in the sample. We used these data to investigate the emission levels of our stars. The study of the Ha emission line revealed two different populations of chromospheric emitters in the sample, clearly separated in the log F(H alpha)/F(bol) - (V - J) diagram. The dichotomy may be associated with the age of the stars.
Analysis of the far ultraviolet silicon lines in G dwarf stars
(EDP Sciencies, 1980) Fernández Figueroa, María José; Rego Fernández, Manuel; Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel
The structure of the outer stellar regions is investigated for four G type dwarfs observed with the IUE satellite. Line fluxes of the Si II lines at 1817 Å, 1808 A, and 1309 Å and Si III at 1206 Å are used to obtain temperatures and electronic densities. A temperature of 16,000 K is found from the lines at 1817 Å and 1808 Å, 26,000 K from the 1309 A line and 50,000 K from that at 1206 A. Predicted fluxes are compared with the observed ones. The significance of the results is discussed in terms of line formation regions.
X-ray variability of σ orionis young stars as observed with ROSAT
(IOP Publishing ltd, 2009-01) Caballero, J. A.; López Santiago, Javier; Castro Rubio, Elisa de; Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel
We used the Aladin Virtual Observatory tool and High Resolution Imager ROSAT archival data to search for X-ray variability in scale of days in 23 young stars in the σ Orionis cluster and a background galaxy. Five stars displayed unambiguous flares and had probabilities p_(var) » 99% of being actual variables. Two of the detected flares were violent and long lasting, with maximum duration of six days and amplitude of eight times above the quiescent level. We classified another four stars as possible X-ray variables, including the binary system formed by the B2Vp star σ Ori E and its close late-type companion. This makes a minimum frequency of high-amplitude X-ray variability in excess of a day of 39% among σ Orionis stars. The incidence of this kind of X-ray variability seems to be lower among classical T Tauri stars with mid-infrared flux excesses than among fast-rotating, disk-less young stars.
X-ray variability of sigma Orionis young stars as observed with rosar
(IOP Publishing ltd, 2009-06) Caballero, J. A.; López Santiago, J.; Castro Rubio, Elisa de; Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel
We used the Aladin Virtual Observatory tool and High Resolution Imager ROSAT archival data to search for X-ray variability in scale of days in 23 young stars in the sigma Orionis cluster and a background galaxy. Five stars displayed unambiguous flares and had probabilities p(var) >> 99% of being actual variables. Two of the detected flares were violent and long lasting, with maximum duration of six days and amplitude of eight times above the quiescent level. We classified another four stars as possible X-ray variables, including the binary system formed by the B2Vp star sigma Ori E and its close late-type companion. This makes a minimum frequency of high-amplitude X-ray variability in excess of a day of 39% among sigma Orionis stars. The incidence of this kind of X-ray variability seems to be lower among classical T Tauri stars with mid-infrared flux excesses than among fast-rotating, disk-less young stars.
Late-type members of young stellar kinematic groups - I. Single stars
(Wiley, 2001-11-21) Montes Gutiérrez, David; López Santiago, Javier; Gálvez, M. C.; Fernández Figueroa, María José; Castro Rubio, Elisa de; Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel
This is the first paper of a series aimed at studying the properties of late-type members of young stellar kinematic groups. We concentrate our study on classical young moving groups such as the Local Association (Pleiades moving group, 20-150 Myr), IC 2391 supercluster (35 Myr), Ursa Major group (Sirius supercluster, 300 Myr), and Hyades supercluster (600 Myr), as well as on recently identified groups such as the Castor moving group (200 Myr). In this paper we compile a preliminary list of single late-type possible members of some of these young stellar kinematic groups. Stars are selected from previously established members of stellar kinematic groups based on photometric and kinematic properties as well as from candidates based on other criteria such as their level of chromospheric activity, rotation rate and lithium abundance. Precise measurements of proper motions and parallaxes taken from the Hipparcos Catalogue, as well as from the Tycho-2 Catalogue, and published radial velocity measurements are used to calculate the Galactic space motions (U, V W) and to apply Eggen's kinematic criteria in order to determine the membership of the selected stars to the different groups. Additional criteria using age-dating methods for late-type stars will be applied in forthcoming papers of this series. A further study of the list of stars compiled here could lead to a better understanding of the chromospheric activity and their age evolution, as well as of the star formation history in the solar neighbourhood. In addition, these stars are also potential search targets for direct imaging detection of substellar companions.
The behaviour of the excess Ca II H and K and H_ε emissions in chromospherically active binaries
(EDP Sciencies, 1996-08) Montes Gutiérrez, David; Fernández Figueroa, María José; Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel; Castro Rubio, Elisa de
In this work we analyze the behaviour of the excess Ca II H and K and H_ ε emissions in a sample of 73 chromospherically active binary systems (RS CVn and BY Dra classes), of different activity levels and luminosity classes. This sample includes the 53 stars analyzed by Fernandez-Figueroa et al. (1994) and the observations of 28 systems described by Montes et al. (1995c). By using the spectral subtraction technique (subtraction of a synthesized stellar spectrum constructed from reference stars of spectral type and luminosity class similar to those of the binary star components) we obtain the active-chromosphere contribution to the Ca II H and K lines in these 73 systems. We have determined the excess Ca II H and K emission equivalent widths and converted them into surface fluxes. The emissions arising from each component were obtained when it was possible to deblend both contributions. We have found that the components of active binaries are generally stronger emitters than single active stars for a given effective temperature and rotation rate. A slight decline of the excess Ca II H and K emissions towards longer rotation periods, P-rot, and larger Rossby numbers, R_0, is found. When we use R_0 instead of P_rot, the scatter is reduced and a saturation at R_0≈0.3 is observed. A good correlation between the excess Ca II K and H_ ε chromospheric emission fluxes has been found. The correlations obtained between the excess Ca II K emission and other activity indicators, (C IV in the transition region, and X-rays in the corona) indicate that the exponents of the power-law relations increase with the formation temperature of the spectral features.
The age-mass relation for chromospherically active binaries - III. Lithium depletion in giant components
(EDP Sciencies, 1998-09-20) Barrado y Navascués, D.; Castro Rubio, Elisa de; Fernández Figueroa, María José; Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel; García López, R. J.
We present a study of the lithium abundances of a sample of evolved components of Chromospherically Active Binary Systems. We show that a significant part of them have lithium excesses, independently of their mass and evolutionary stage. Therefore, it can be concluded that Li abundance does not depend on age for giant components of CABS. These overabundances appear to be closely related to the stellar rotation, and we interpret them as a consequence of the transfer of angular momentum from the orbit to the rotation as the stars evolve: in and off the Main Sequence, in a similar way as it happens in the dwarf components of the same systems and in the Tidally Locked Binaries belonging to the Hyades and M67.
Ca II H and K and H_α emissions in chromospherically active binary-systems (RS Canum Venaticorum and BY Draconis)
(University Chicago Press, 1994-01) Fernández Figueroa, María José; Montes Gutiérrez, David; Castro Rubio, Elisa de; Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel
We report high-resolution observations of the Ca II H and K and Balmer H_α lines in 53 chromospherically active binary systems including the RS Canum Venaticorum binaries (RS CVn) and BY Draconis (BY Dra) classes. The rotational periods of the sample cover a range from 0.8 to 83.2 days. H and K emission-line surface fluxes have been calculated for all the stars in the sample. In spectra where the H_ε line appears in emission, absolute surface fluxes were also determined. The Ca II line profiles corresponding to different seasons and orbital phases are analyzed in order to determine the contribution of each component and to study the chromospheric activity variations. We have measured the H_α equivalent width of the program stars and the H_α core emission was determined by subtraction of the equivalent width of a presumably inactive star of the same spectral type and luminosity class. Three different types of H_α line profiles have been found: strong emission line, weak emission line with strong superposed absorption profile, and filled-in absorption line profile.
Stellar activity in barium stars .1. Analysis of H-lines and K-lines CA-II-lines in 10 barium stars
(IOP Publishing ltd, 1992-04) Cornide Castro-Piñeiro, Manuel; Fernández Figueroa, María José; Castro Rubio, Elisa de; Armentia, J. A.; Reglero, V.
High dispersion spectra have been obtained in order to study the activity level of ten barium stars by means of the Ca II H and K emission flux, looking for a relation between barium intensity index and activity. Absolute magnitudes obtained from the Wilson-Bappu relationship disagree, in some cases, with the magnitudes computed from parallaxes, but this fact is not due to barium nature. Total emission fluxes, F(H + K) or R_HK index, plotted versus effective temperature show a distribution similar to that of cool giant stars. The asymmetry of K emission line, [F(K_2ν)/F(K_2r)], has been analyzed in relation with effective temperature, in this sense barium stars behave as expected of late-type giants with the only exception of two stars.