Person:
Moya Gómez, Borja

First Name

Borja

Last Name

Moya Gómez

URI

https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/80746

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Geografía e Historia

Department

Geografía

Area

Geografía Humana

Identifiers

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 28

Working with the daily variation in infrastructure performance on territorial accessibility. The cases of Madrid and Barcelona
(European Transport Research Review, 2015) Moya Gómez, Borja; García Palomares, Juan Carlos
Purpose Accessibility measurements are good tools for analysing the performance of possible policies on land use / transport / society systems. Until now, accessibility has been approached from a static perspective, even when variations in it depend on short term temporal changes in network function. Solutions based on static measurements, with journey costs taken as units based on free-flow travel time; do not reflect real network performance at different times of the day. Methods In order to broaden our understanding of accessibility and study real-world dynamism in depth, information from new sources has been incorporated into traditional accessibility measurements, with actual observed data on the daily variations in speed profiles. These variations have been used to assess the impact of congestion on accessibility, with dynamic scenarios calculated every 15 min. Results The variations in daily accessibility in the metropolitan areas of Madrid and Barcelona (Spain) have been mapped with reasonable computational costs. Although both cities have a similar global behaviour pattern, each has a different daily spatial accessibility distribution. Madrid appears to be more resilient than Barcelona. Conclusions With new technologies it is possible to overcome previous technical barriers, such as the lack of reliable information or calculating capacity. An ordinary computer has been used to obtain complete and detailed temporal profiles of the two traditional accessibility measurements. Thanks to these new measurements, we have a better understanding of accessibility. However, in order to express a dynamic phenomenon in static format, appropriate mapping schemes would have to be devised.
Cómo aplicar Big Data en la planificación del transporte: El uso de datos de GPS en el análisis de la movilidad urbana
(2020) Gutiérrez Puebla, Javier; Benítez, Carolina; García Palomares, Juan Carlos; Romanillos Arroyo, Gustavo; Rubinstein da Silva, Elías; Leaño, Juan Manuel; Ribeiro, Karisa Maia; Scholl, Lynn; Moya Gómez, Borja; Condeço Melhorado, Ana Margarida; Benítez, Carolina
La presente nota técnica explica de qué manera el análisis de grandes volúmenes de datos de la telefonía móvil puede aplicarse a la planificación del transporte y la infraestructura urbana. La actividad de los usuarios permite conocer su huella digital y, por lo tanto, entender sus trayectorias espacio-temporales de manera desagregada y extrapolada, estableciendo matrices de origen destino. La producción de grandes volúmenes de datos masivos, Big Data, abre interesantes posibilidades para entender los flujos de movilidad de nuestras ciudades de la región y su complementariedad con los métodos tradicionales de recolección de datos, como los son las encuestas de movilidad domiciliarias de origen destino de viajes, permitiendo disponer de información siempre actualizada y en menor tiempo. La nota técnica agrupa y sistematiza los conocimientos generados por especialistas e investigadores de distintos países del mundo; y analiza 6 casos de éxito realizados de implementación en distintas ciudades latinoamericanas y en otros ámbitos internacionales, donde se indica cómo se han obtenido esas matrices de viajes y cuáles han sido sus aplicaciones.
The daily dynamic potential accessibility by car in London on Wednesdays
(Journal of Maps, 2017) Moya Gómez, Borja; García Palomares, Juan Carlos
The map presented in this paper shows the effect of congestion on daily accessibility in the London metropolitan area on Wednesdays. Because of its dynamic nature, it is challenging to both calculate the effects of this phenomenon and to represent it clearly on simple maps. Although we can use many traditional techniques for this purpose, they are usually static, and they may lose some essential information on the effects studied. In this paper, we used two cartographic techniques rarely used in accessibility studies – cartograms and 3D maps, which we believe can achieve a more striking representation in static and animations of both the traffic-induced spatial distortion and the accessibility levels obtained. The results are presented in two animated maps and some snapshots of them – static maps. Both types of maps reinforce each other: Together, they can properly show the direct space–time link between congestion and accessibility, and can, therefore, give a more detailed overview of the consequences of this phenomenon.
Cómo aplicar big data en la planificación del transporte urbano: El uso de datos de telefonía móvil en el análisis de la movilidad
(2019) Gutiérrez Puebla, Javier; Benítez, Carolina; Leaño, Juan Manuel; García Palomares, Juan Carlos; Condeço Melhorado, Ana Margarida; Mojica, Carlos; Scholl, Lynn; Vera, Felipe; Adler, Verónica; Moya Gómez, Borja; Romanillos Arroyo, Gustavo; Benítez, Carolina
La presente nota técnica explica de qué manera el análisis de grandes volúmenes de datos de la telefonía móvil puede aplicarse a la planificación del transporte y la infraestructura urbana. La actividad de los usuarios permite conocer su huella digital y, por lo tanto, entender sus trayectorias espacio temporales de manera desagregada y extrapolada, estableciendo matrices de origen destino. La producción de grandes volúmenes de datos masivos, Big Data, abre interesantes posibilidades para entender los flujos de movilidad de nuestras ciudades de la región y su complementariedad con los métodos tradicionales de recolección de datos, como los son las encuestas de movilidad domiciliarias de origen destino de viajes, permitiendo disponer de información siempre actualizada y en menor tiempo. La nota técnica agrupa y sistematiza los conocimientos generados por especialistas e investigadores de distintos países del mundo; y analiza distintos casos de éxito realizados de implementación de dicha metodología en distintas ciudades latinoamericanas y en otros ámbitos internacionales, donde se indica cómo se han obtenido esas matrices de viajes y cuáles han sido sus aplicaciones.
Dynamic Accessibility using Big Data: The Role of the Changing Conditions of Network Congestion and Destination Attractiveness
(Networks and Spatial Economics, 2017) Moya Gómez, Borja; Salas-Olmedo, María Henar; García Palomares, Juan Carlos; Gutiérrez Puebla, Javier
Accessibility is essentially a dynamic concept. However, most studies on urban accessibility take a static approach, overlooking the fact that accessibility conditions change dramatically throughout the day. Due to their high spatial and temporal resolution, the new data sources (Big Data) offer new possibilities for the study of accessibility. The aim of this paper is to analyse urban accessibility considering its two components –the performance of the transport network and the attractiveness of the destinations– using a dynamic approach using data from TomTom and Twitter respectively. This allows us to obtain profiles that highlight the daily variations in accessibility in the city of Madrid, and identify the influence of congestion and the changes in location of the population. These profiles reveal significant variations according to transport zones. Each transport zone has its own accessibility profile, and thus its own specific problems, which require solutions that are also specific.
Identifying Temporal Patterns of Visitors to National Parks through Geotagged Photographs
(Sustainability, 2019) Barros Sulca, Diana Carolina; Moya Gómez, Borja; García Palomares, Juan Carlos
Visitor data is essential for decision-making, policy formulation, and monitoring of protected areas. In this context, the data on the temporal distribution of visitors is essential to characterize influx and seasonality, and even to measure the carrying capacity of a site. However, obtaining information from visitors often involves high costs and long production times. Moreover, traditional visitor data has a limited level of detail. New sources of data can provide valuable information regarding the timing of visits. In this study, we tested the use of geotagged data to infer the temporal distribution of visitors to 15 Spanish national parks, and we identified temporal patterns of the visits at three levels: monthly, weekly, and daily. By comparing official monthly visitor counts and geotagged photographs from Flickr, we observed that the number of monthly users who upload photos significantly reflects the number of monthly visitors. Furthermore, the weekly and daily distributions of the Flickr data provided additional information that could contribute to identifying the periods of highest visitor pressure, design measures to manage the concentration of visitors, and improve the overall visitor experience. The results obtained indicate the potential of new data sources for visitor monitoring in protected areas and to open opportunities for future research. Moreover, monitoring tourism in protected areas is crucial to ensure the sustainability of their resources and to protect their biodiversity.
New Data and Computational Methods Opportunities to Enhance the Knowledge Base of Tourism
(Handbook of Computational Social Science for Policy, 2023) Romanillos Arroyo, Gustavo; Moya Gómez, Borja; Bertolini, Eleonora; Fontana, Matteo; Gabrielli, Lorenzo; Signorelli, Serena; Vespe, Michele
Tourism is becoming increasingly relevant at different levels, intensifying its impact on the environmental, the economic and the social spheres. For this reason, the study of this rapidly evolving sector is important for many disciplines and requires to be quickly updated. This chapter provides an overview and general guidelines on the potential use of new data and computational methods to enhance tourism’s knowledge base, encourage their institutional adoption and, ultimately, foster a more sustainable tourism.First, the chapter delivers a brief review of the literature on new data sources and innovative computational methods that can significantly improve our understanding of tourism, addressing the big data revolution and the emergence of new analytic tools, such as artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML). Then, the chapter provides some guidelines and applications of these new datasets and methods, articulated around three topics: (1) measuring the environmental impacts of tourism, (2) assessing the socio-economic resilience of the tourism sector and (3) uncovering new tourists’ preferences, facilitating the digital transition and fostering innovation in the tourism sector.
Impacto y consecuencias de la congestión de las infraestructuras de transporte en el sistema usos del suelo-transporte-sociedad
(2019) Moya Gómez, Borja; García Palomares, Juan Carlos
La congestión en la red viaria es un fenómeno que se produce por la existencia de una demanda próxima o superior a la que se puede ofrecer los diferentes elementos que forman esa red en ese instante. El tráfico experimenta velocidades inferiores a las de situaciones de flujo libre y, por lo tanto, aumenta el tiempo de viaje para recorrer los arcos congestionados.La congestión suele presentar unos patrones característicos dependiendo del tipo de vía quesea, tanto en intensidad como en horas en las que se produce. Además, la congestión produce efectos Spillover que deforman la ciudad de manera desigual y afectan a cómo se puede interactuar con las oportunidades disponibles.El objetivo de la tesis doctoral es evaluar y cartografiar cómo la congestión recurrente de las carreteras, la congestión que se produce en circunstancias normales, altera los valores de potencial de interacción, también conocida como accesibilidad, con coche a lo largo del día para las diferentes áreas altamente densas de la Unión Europea elegidas como áreas de estudio: las áreas metropolitanas de Barcelona (ES), Berlín (DE), Hamburgo (DE), Londres(GB), Madrid (ES), Milán (IT), París (FR) y Roma (IT), y el conjunto de los Países Bajos (NL).De la misma manera, se ha estudiado para el caso de Madrid como el cambio continuo de oportunidades puede mitigar o exacerbar los efectos de la congestión.Para llevar a cabo esta investigación se han realizado una serie de modificaciones del indicador de accesibilidad potencial, que permiten incorporar explícitamente la componente temporal...
Exploring night and day socio-spatial segregation based on mobile phone data: The case of Medellin (Colombia)
(Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, 2021) Moya Gómez, Borja; Stępniak, Marcin; García Palomares, Juan Carlos; Frías Martínez, Enrique; Gutiérrez Puebla, Javier
Social segregation research has a long tradition in urban studies. Usually, these studies focus on the residential dimension, using official registries (e.g., census data), which show population distribution at night. Nevertheless, these studies disregard the fact that the population in cities is highly mobile, and its spatial distribution dramatically changes between night and day. The emergence of new data sources (Big Data) creates perfect conditions to consider segregation as a process, by providing the opportunity to dynamically analyse temporal changes in social segregation. This study uses mobile phone data to analyse changes in social segregation between night and day. Our case study is Medellin (Colombia), a highly socially-segregated, South American city, where social integration policies are being developed, targeting the population in the most disadvantaged neighbourhoods. We use several complementary indicators of social segregation, supplementing them with mobility indicators that help explain changes in spatial segregation between night and day. The main conclusion is that daily mobility reduces the concentration of a particular group within neighbourhoods and increases the degree of social mixing (exposure) in local settings. This greater social exposure softens local contrasts (outliers) and increases the extension of spatial clusters (positive spatial autocorrelation), so general clustering trends emerge more clearly. The study also makes clear that increased exposure during the day mainly occurs due to the mobility of the low-income population, who are the most likely to leave their neighbourhood during the day and who travel the greatest distances to the most diverse set of destinations.
An analysis of the Spanish high capacity road network criticality
(Transportation, 2018) García Palomares, Juan Carlos; Gutiérrez Puebla, Javier; Martín, Juan Carlos; Moya Gómez, Borja
The analysis of complex networks has been carried out in different fields using an ample variety of method and concepts. Recently, in the general literature of regional economics, the concepts of resilience, connectivity, vulnerability and criticality have been gaining their momentum. The aim of this paper is to provide an analytical framework, using well-known accessibility indicators, in order to calculate the critical links or road sections of the Spanish high-capacity road network. Our analysis will be based on approximately four hundred sections that will be classified in five different groups according to their criticality degree in the whole network. Our analysis will be complemented with the comparison of the results obtained in five different scenarios, namely the average criticality using the effects on the whole country, Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia and Pontevedra. Furthermore, the paper will also analyze what kind of intrinsic characteristics of the sections favor or not the links’ criticality using a method based on a classification and regression tree. This analysis is crucial to understand other important concepts that are recently being studied in network and spatial economics, like, for example, resilience and vulnerability. It is concluded that the number of relations or routes, being a trunk or not, the road density and the time to Madrid capital play an important role in the criticality of the roads section in the high capacity road network.