Person: Peláez Prestel, Héctor Fernando
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First Name
Héctor Fernando
Last Name
Peláez Prestel
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Medicina
Department
Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL
Area
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7 results
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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
Item Immune Tolerance in the Oral Mucosa(International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2021) Peláez Prestel, Héctor Fernando; Sánchez Trincado López, José Luis; Lafuente Duarte, Esther María; Reche Gallardo, Pedro AntonioThe oral mucosa is a site of intense immune activity, where a large variety of immune cells meet to provide a first line of defense against pathogenic organisms. Interestingly, the oral mucosa is exposed to a plethora of antigens from food and commensal bacteria that must be tolerated. The mechanisms that enable this tolerance are not yet fully defined. Many works have focused on active immune mechanisms involving dendritic and regulatory T cells. However, epithelial cells also make a major contribution to tolerance by influencing both innate and adaptive immunity. Therefore, the tolerogenic mechanisms concurring in the oral mucosa are intertwined. Here, we review them systematically, paying special attention to the role of oral epithelial cells.- Project number: PIMCD112/23-24
Item Aplicación de la citometría de flujo como herramienta para el estudio de la Inmunología Molecular(2024) Cruz Adalia, Aranzazu; Lamana Domínguez, Amalia; Peláez Prestel, Héctor Fernando; González García, Sara; Juárez Martín-Delgado, Ignacio; Cabañas Gutiérrez, Carlos; Reche Gallardo, Pedro Antonio; Lafuente Duarte, María Esther; Recio Hoyas, María José; Sancho Temiño, Lucía; Osuna Perez, Jesus; Castillo Gonzalez, Raquel Ana; Cruz Adalia, Aranzazu - Project number: 243
Item eFACS: una plataforma para la realización de practicas de laboratorio virtuales de citometría de flujo(2021) Reche Gallardo, Pedro Antonio; Martin Villa, Jose Manuel; Lafuente Duarte, María Esther; Palomares Gracia, Oscar; Martín-Fontecha Corrales, María Del Mar; Cabañas Gutiérrez, Carlos; Aragón Pérez, Silvia; Peláez Prestel, Héctor Fernando; Sáchez-Trincado López, José Luis; Gómez Perosanz, Marta; Ras Carmona, Álvaro; Fiyouzi Alipour, Tara; Torres Gómez, ÁlvaroEn este proyecto hemos implementado un recurso online que permite simular el uso de un citómetro de Flujo de tres colores similar al FACScalibur. El citómetro de flujo es un instrumento esencial para la investigación básica y aplicada en biomedicina. Sin embargo, su uso requiere cierto entrenamiento y él análisis de muestras resulta costoso. Además, en universidades y hospitales no todos los departamentos disponen de un citómetro de flujo, usándose generalmente los disponibles en los centros de asistencia a la investigación. Como resultado los alumnos no tienen acceso a estos instrumentos y no tienen posibilidad de familiarizarse con las técnicas de citometría de flujo, recibiendo tan solo una información teórica sin llegar a saber hacer. En este contexto, la herramienta eFACS : • Soluciona la falta de accesibilidad y disponibilidad de citómetro de flujo para uso del estudiante • Posibilita la generación de material didáctico que permita al alumno planear y ejecutar un experimento de citometría de flujo y que aprendan haciendo. • Posibilita el entrenamiento de los usuarios en un simulador antes de enfrentarse a un citómetro de flujo real. El recurso eFACS es en conclusión un gran apoyo tanto para la docencia como para la investigación. Item Resilience of Spike-Specific Immunity Induced by COVID-19 Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 Variants(Biomedicines, 2022) Ballesteros Sanabria, Laura; Peláez Prestel, Héctor Fernando; Ras Carmona, Álvaro; Reche Gallardo, Pedro AntonioThe outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 leading to the declaration of the COVID-19 global pandemic has led to the urgent development and deployment of several COVID-19 vaccines. Many of these new vaccines, including those based on mRNA and adenoviruses, are aimed to generate neutralizing antibodies against the spike glycoprotein, which is known to bind to the receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in host cells via the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Antibodies binding to this domain can block the interaction with the receptor and prevent viral entry into the cells. Additionally, these vaccines can also induce spike-specific T cells which could contribute to providing protection against the virus. However, the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants can impair the immunity generated by COVID-19 vaccines if mutations occur in cognate epitopes, precluding immune recognition. Here, we evaluated the chance of five SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs), Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron, to escape spike-specific immunity induced by vaccines. To that end, we examined the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 variant mutations on residues located on experimentally verified spike-specific epitopes, deposited at the Immune Epitope Database, that are targeted by neutralizing antibodies or recognized by T cells. We found about 300 of such B cell epitopes, which were largely overlapping, and could be grouped into 54 B cell epitope clusters sharing ≥ 7 residues. Most of the B cell epitope clusters map in the RBD domain (39 out of 54) and 20%, 50%, 37%, 44% and 57% of the total are mutated in SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta and Omicron variants, respectively. We also found 234 experimentally verified CD8 and CD4 T cell epitopes that were distributed evenly throughout the spike protein. Interestingly, in each SARS-CoV-2 VOC, over 87% and 79% of CD8 and CD4 T cell epitopes, respectively, are not mutated. These observations suggest that SARS-CoV-2 VOCs—particularly the Omicron variant—may be prone to escape spike-specific antibody immunity, but not cellular immunity, elicited by COVID-19 vaccines.Item BCEPS: A Web Server to Predict Linear B Cell Epitopes with Enhanced Immunogenicity and Cross-Reactivity(Cells, 2021) Ras Carmona, Álvaro; Peláez Prestel, Héctor Fernando; Lafuente, Esther María; Reche Gallardo, Pedro AntonioPrediction of linear B cell epitopes is of interest for the production of antigen-specific antibodies and the design of peptide-based vaccines. Here, we present BCEPS, a web server for predicting linear B cell epitopes tailored to select epitopes that are immunogenic and capable of inducing cross-reactive antibodies with native antigens. BCEPS implements various machine learning models trained on a dataset including 555 linearized conformational B cell epitopes that were mined from antibody–antigen protein structures. The best performing model, based on a support vector machine, reached an accuracy of 75.38% ± 5.02. In an independent dataset consisting of B cell epitopes retrieved from the Immune Epitope Database (IEDB), this model achieved an accuracy of 67.05%. In BCEPS, predicted epitopes can be ranked according to properties such as flexibility, accessibility and hydrophilicity, and with regard to immunogenicity, as judged by their predicted presentation by MHC II molecules. BCEPS also detects if predicted epitopes are located in ectodomains of membrane proteins and if they possess N-glycosylation sites hindering antibody recognition. Finally, we exemplified the use of BCEPS in the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, showing that it can identify B cell epitopes targeted by neutralizing antibodies.Item Enhancing Regulatory T Cells to Treat Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases(International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023) Lafuente Duarte, María Esther; Peláez Prestel, Héctor Fernando; Reche Gallardo, Pedro Antonio; Fiyouzi Alipour, Tara; Reyes-Manzanas, Raquel; Renaudineau, YvesRegulatory T cells (Tregs) control immune responses and are essential to maintain immune homeostasis and self-tolerance. Hence, it is no coincidence that autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders are associated with defects in Tregs. These diseases have currently no cure and are treated with palliative drugs such as immunosuppressant and immunomodulatory agents. Thereby, there is a great interest in developing medical interventions against these diseases based on enhancing Treg cell function and numbers. Here, we give an overview of Treg cell ontogeny and function, paying particular attention to mucosal Tregs. We review some notable approaches to enhance immunomodulation by Tregs with therapeutic purposes including adoptive Treg cell transfer therapy and discuss relevant clinical trials for inflammatory bowel disease. We next introduce ways to expand mucosal Tregs in vivo using microbiota and dietary products that have been the focus of clinical trials in various autoimmune and chronic-inflammatory diseases.Item Approaches to evaluate the specific immune responses to SARS-CoV-2(Vaccine, 2023) López Gómez, Ana; Peláez Prestel, Héctor Fernando; Juárez Martín-Delgado, IgnacioThe SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has a huge impact on public health and global economy, meaning an enormous scientific, political, and social challenge. Studying how infection or vaccination triggers both cellular and humoral responses is essential to know the grade and length of protection generated in the population. Nowadays, scientists and authorities around the world are increasingly concerned about the arrival of new variants, which have a greater spread, due to the high mutation rate of this virus. The aim of this review is to summarize the different techniques available for the study of the immune responses after exposure or vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, showing their advantages and limitations, and proposing suitable combinations of different techniques to achieve extensive information in these studies. We wish that the information provided here will helps other scientists in their studies of the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 after vaccination with new vaccine candidates or infection with upcoming variants.