Person:
Hoz Montañana, María Rosa De

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First Name
María Rosa De
Last Name
Hoz Montañana
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Óptica y Optometría
Department
Inmunología, Oftalmología y ORL
Area
Oftalmología
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    Publication
    Alzheimer’s disease: a continuum with visual involvements
    (Frontiers Media, 2023-07-06) Elvira Hurtado, Lorena; López Cuenca, Inés; Hoz Montañana, María Rosa De; Salas, Mario; Sánchez-Puebla Fernández, Lidia; Matamoros, José Antonio; Fernández Albarral, José; Rojas Lozano, María Del Pilar; Alfonsín, Soraya; Delgado Losada, María Luisa; Ramírez Sebastián, Ana Isabel; Salazar Corral, Juan José; Maestu Unturbe, Fernando; Gil Gregorio, Pedro; Ramírez Sebastián, José Manuel; García Martín, Elena Salobrar
    Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia affecting the central nervous system, and alteration of several visual structures has been reported. Structural retinal changes are usually accompanied by changes in visual function in this disease. The aim of this study was to analyse the differences in visual function at different stages of the pathology (family history group (FH+), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), mild AD and moderate AD) in comparison with a control group of subjects with no cognitive decline and no family history of AD. Methods: We included 53 controls, 13 subjects with FH+, 23 patients with MCI, 25 patients with mild AD and, 21 patients with moderate AD. All were ophthalmologically healthy. Visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), colour perception, visual integration, and fundus examination were performed. Results: The analysis showed a statistically significant decrease in VA, CS and visual integration score between the MCI, mild AD and moderate AD groups compared to the control group. In the CS higher frequencies and in the colour perception test (total errors number), statistically significant differences were also observed in the MCI, mild AD and moderate AD groups with respect to the FH+ group and also between the control and AD groups. The FH+ group showed no statistically significant difference in visual functions compared to the control group. All the test correlated with the Mini Mental State Examination score and showed good predictive value when memory decline was present, with better values when AD was at a more advanced stage. Conclusion: Alterations in visual function appear in subjects with MCI and evolve when AD is established, being stable in the initial stages of the disease (mild AD and moderate AD). Therefore, visual psychophysical tests are a useful, simple and complementary tool to neuropsychological tests to facilitate diagnosis in the preclinical and early stages of AD.
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    Publication
    Exploratory Longitudinal Study of Ocular Structural and Visual Functional Changes in Subjects at High Genetic Risk of Developing Alzheimer’s Disease
    (MDPI, 2023-07-18) Barabash Bustelo, Ana; López Cuenca, Inés; Ramírez Toraño, Federico; Sánchez Puebla, Lidia; Fernández Albarral, José; García Martín, Elena Salobrar; Nebreda Pérez, Alberto; Álvarez Gutierrez, María; Elvira Hurtado, Lorena; Matamoros, José A.; García Colomo, Alejandra; Maestu Unturbe, Fernando; Ana I. Ramírez; Ramírez Sebastián, Ana Isabel; Juan J. Salazar; Salazar Corral, Juan José; Pedro Gil; Gil Gregorio, Pedro; Fernando Maestú; José M. Ramírez; Ramírez Sebastián, José Manuel; Rosa de Hoz; Hoz Montañana, María Rosa De
    This study aimed to analyze the evolution of visual changes in cognitively healthy individuals at risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Participants with a first-degree family history of AD (FH+) and carrying the Ε4+ allele for the ApoE gene (ApoE ε4+) underwent retinal thickness analysis using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and visual function assessments, including visual acuity (VA), contrast sensitivity (CS), color perception, perception digital tests, and visual field analysis. Structural analysis divided participants into FH+ ApoE ε4+ and FH− ApoE ε4− groups, while functional analysis further categorized them by age (40–60 years and over 60 years). Over the 27-month follow-up, the FH+ ApoE ε4+ group exhibited thickness changes in all inner retinal layers. Comparing this group to the FH− ApoE ε4− group at 27 months revealed progressing changes in the inner nuclear layer. In the FH+ ApoE ε4+ 40–60 years group, no progression of visual function changes was observed, but an increase in VA and CS was maintained at 3 and 12 cycles per degree, respectively, compared to the group without AD risk at 27 months. In conclusion, cognitively healthy individuals at risk for AD demonstrated progressive retinal structural changes over the 27-month follow-up, while functional changes remained stable.