Person: Trucharte Martínez, Almudena
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First Name
Almudena
Last Name
Trucharte Martínez
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Psicología
Department
Personalidad, Evaluación y Psicología Clínica
Area
Identifiers
5 results
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Item The role of insecure attachment and psychological mechanisms in paranoid and depressive symptoms: An exploratory model(Schizophrenia Research, 2022) Trucharte Martínez, Almudena; Valiente Ots, Carmen; Espinosa, Regina; Chaves Vélez, CovadongaAttachment theory is considered an important theoretical framework for understanding the ontogenesis of psychopathology. In this regard, insecure attachment styles have been associated with the development and maintenance of paranoid and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, different psychological processes (i.e., self-esteem and experiential avoidance) have been identified as mediating mechanisms between the relationship of insecure attachment and these symptoms. Nowadays, there is a more positive view in psychology focusing on factors that contribute to well-being, although little is known about the role of these psychological well-being variables as mediators between insecure attachment and psychopathology. For thus, the aim of this study was to test one explorative structural equation model of insecure attachment on paranoid and depressive symptoms through psychological mediating mechanisms to elucidate the processes involved in each of them. To evaluate the model, 141 individuals with severe psychiatric conditions participated in the study. The results revealed good model fit, highlighting that avoidant attachment has a direct and indirect effect on the symptoms, while anxious attachment has only an indirect effect through mediating mechanisms. On the other hand, lower levels of self-acceptance and environmental mastery have been identified as important processes associated with paranoid and depressive symptoms. However, less positive relationships were a significant mediating mechanism only for paranoid ideation symptoms. These results have important clinical implications by shedding light on the relationship between insecure attachment, paranoid and depressive symptoms, and the psychological mediating mechanisms involved in this relationship, which may be considered key variables in clinical treatments.Item Measurement invariance of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) across four European countries during the COVID-19 pandemic(BMC Psychiatry, 2022) Peinado Tena, Vanesa; Trucharte Martínez, Almudena; Valiente Ots, M. Carmen; Vázquez Valverde, Carmelo José; Mark Shevlin; Sarah Butter; Orla McBride; Jamie Murphy; Jilly Gibson-Miller; Todd K. Hartman; Liat Levita; Liam Mason; Anton P. Martinez; Ryan McKay; Thomas VA Stocks; Kate M Bennett; Philip Hyland; Frédérique Vallieres; Alba Contreras; Marco Bertamini; Anna Panzeri; Giovanni Bruno; Umberto Granziol; Giuseppe Mignemi; Andrea Spoto; Giulio Vidotto; Richard P. BentallItem A symptom-based definition of resilience in times of pandemics: patterns of psychological responses over time and their predictors(European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 2021) Valiente Ots, M. Carmen; Vázquez Valverde, Carmelo José; Contreras, Alba; Peinado Tena, Vanesa; Trucharte Martínez, AlmudenaBackground: It has been suggested that resilience is best conceptualized as healthy and stable functioning in the face of a potentially traumatic event. However, most research on this field has focused on self-reported resilience, and other patterns of response when facing adversity, in cross-sectional designs. Objective: Alternatively, we aimed to study changing patterns of psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population, based on patterns of symptoms, and factors contributing to those patterns. Method: A national representative sample of Spain (N = 1,628) responded to an internetbased survey at two assessment points, separated by 1 month (April and May 2020), during the official national confinement stage. Based upon whether participants exhibited absence/ presence of distress (i.e., significant trauma-related, depression, or anxiety symptoms) at one or two of the assessment times, patterns of psychological responses were defined by categorizing individuals into one of the four categories: Resilience, Delayed distress, Recovered, and Sustained distress. Results: Analyses of the levels of disturbance associated with the symptoms provided support to that four-fold distinction of patterns of responses. Furthermore, resilience responses were the most common psychological response to the pandemic. Multinomial regression analyses revealed that the main variables increasing the probability of resilience to COVID-19 were being male, older, having no history of mental health difficulties, higher levels of psychological well-being and high identification with all humanity. Also, having low scores in several variables (i.e., anxiety and economic threat due to COVID-19, substance use during the confinement, intolerance to uncertainty, death anxiety, loneliness, and suspiciousness) was a significant predictor of a resilient response to COVID-19. Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with previous literature that conceptualizes resilience as a dynamic process. The clinical implications of significant predictorsItem Post-Traumatic Growth and Stress-Related Responses During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a National Representative Sample: The Role of Positive Core Beliefs About the World and Others(Journal of Happiness Studies, 2021) Vázquez Valverde, Carmelo José; Valiente Ots, M. Carmen; García, Felipe E.; Contreras, Alba; Peinado Tena, Vanesa; Trucharte Martínez, Almudena; Bentall, Richard P.Given the need to understand both the negative and positive psychological consequences of the current global COVID-19 pandemic (Brewin et al. in Perspectives in Public Health https ://doi.org/10.1177/17579 13920 95736 5 2020), the aim of this study was to test a cognitive model of post-traumatic symptoms (PTS) and post-traumatic growth (PTG) during confinement caused by the SARS-COV-2 epidemic. In line with cognitive models of trauma elaboration (Park in Psychological Bulletin https ://doi.org/10.1037/a0018 301), we included in our model some beliefs associated to the world (e.g., primal beliefs about a good world), to the self (e.g., death anxiety or orientation toward the future) and to others (e.g., suspiciousness or identification with humanity). To evaluate the explanatory model, a national representative sample of adults between the ages of 18 and 75 (N = 1951) was surveyed between 7th and 13th April, 2020, in the middle of a strict 7-week national confinement. Structural equation modelling yielded a very similar model to the one initially specified. The results highlight the role of both negative and positive core beliefs, which are pertinent to the current pandemic threat, in the appearance of PTS and PTG, respectively. In short, primal beliefs about a good world, openness to the future and identification with humanity were associated with PTG; while suspiciousness, intolerance of uncertainty, anxiety about death and also identification with humanity were associated with PTS and consequent impairment. This is an innovative study of different pathways to traumatic responses and growth during a pandemic. Future research is needed to replicate its findings.Item The network structure of paranoia dimensions and its mental health correlates in the general population: The core role of loneliness(Schizophrenia Research, 2022) Contreras, Alba; Valiente Ots, Carmen; Vázquez Valverde, Carmelo; Trucharte Martínez, Almudena; Peinado Tena, Vanesa; Varese, Filippo; Bentall, Richard P.Paranoid ideas are the most common abnormal beliefs in the schizophrenia spectrum, are also prevalent in nonclinical populations, and are highly correlated with other mental health problems such as anxiety, depression and low levels of well-being. Two previous studies with the same British population sample used confirmatory factor analysis and network analysis to show that the spectrum of paranoid beliefs is made up of four factors or dimensions (i.e., interpersonal sensitivity, mistrust, ideas of reference and ideas of persecution). The aims of this study are: 1) to explore the distribution and the structure of paranoid beliefs in a Spanish general population by applying the network approach and 2) to use network analysis to explore for the first time whether specific domains of paranoid ideation (i.e., dimensions) are specifically associated with mental health correlates such as depression, anxiety, loneliness, and well-being. We found a continuous distribution of paranoid beliefs among the 1328 individuals constituting the sample (e.g., 29,2 % did not endorse any items, 4.6 % endorsed half of the items, while 0.8 % endorsed all paranoid items). Paranoid ideas form three dimensions; interpersonal sensitivity, mistrust, and ideas of persecution (ideas of reference did not form a separate factor). The network model showed that loneliness has a pivotal role in connecting paranoid ideation with general psychopathology measures (i.e., depression, anxiety, loneliness and well-being). Research and clinical implications derived from our findings are also discussed.