Person:
Verche Borges, Emilio

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First Name
Emilio
Last Name
Verche Borges
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/86436
Affiliation
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Faculty / Institute
Educación-Centro Formación Profesor
Department
Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento
Area
Psicobiología
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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    Challenges for teachers and students digital abilities: a mixed methods design study
    (Sustainability, 2022) Aguirre, Triana; Aperribai, Leire; Cortabarría, Lorea; Verche Borges, Emilio; Borges, África
    Digital education is a recently highlighted challenge for educational innovation. This study aimed to discover the educational conditions in which teachers and students may be involved during the pandemic, and how these may affect teachers’ workload and educational quality. A Mixed Methods Design was used, where quantitative and qualitative data were obtained and analyzed. An ad hoc questionnaire was created and sent to teachers of different levels of education (pre-university) and types of school (public and private). Predictive variables of working hours were analyzed by carrying out a multiple regression. Moreover, changes experienced by teachers were studied by analyzing qualitative data. The variables type of teaching, students’ access to electronic resources, and instant training in online teaching predicted teachers’ working hours. Furthermore, participants cited having changes in workload and being overwhelmed during this period, having less contact with students, and experiencing changes in working environment as the most important variables affecting the new working conditions. In conclusion, teachers’ training in online education and the provision of electronic resources for students should be a priority to make online learning possible, to avoid the problem of teachers needing to perform extra work in similar future conditions, and to foster educational innovation.
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    Cognitive flexibility impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy: the impact of epileptic foci lateralization on executive functions
    (Epilepsy & Behavior, 2024) Cairós-González, Mariana; Verche Borges, Emilio; Hernández Expósito, Sergio; Alonso Garrido, María Ángeles
    Introduction: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE) has been associated with memory impairments, which are typically linked to hippocampal and mesial temporal cortex lesions. Considering the presence of extensive bidirectional frontotemporal connections, it can be hypothesized that executive dysfunction in TLE is modulated by the lateralization of the epileptic foci. Material and Methods: A comprehensive neuropsychological executive functions protocol was administered to 63 participants, including 42 individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (20 with right-TLE and 22 with left-TLE) and 21 healthy controls aged 20–49. Results: The results indicate that TLE patients exhibit poorer executive performance compared to healthy controls in working memory (F(2,60) = 4.18, p <.01), planning (F(2,60) = 4.71, p <.05), set shifting (F(2,60) = 10.1, p <.001), phonetic verbal fluency (F(2,60) = 11.71, p <.01) and semantic verbal fluency (F(2,60) = 9.61, p <.001. No significant differences were found in cognitive inhibition. Furthermore, right-TLE patients showed lower performance than left-TLE in set shifting (F(1,61) = 6.45, p <.05), while no significant differences were observed in working memory, planning, inhibition, and verbal fluency. Conclusions: This research emphasize the importance of considering the lateralization of the temporal lobe focus to achieve a more accurate neuropsychological characterization. The cognitive differences between left and right TLE patients highlight the need for individualized approaches in their treatment and care.
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    Disfunción ejecutiva en el trastorno específico del lenguaje
    (Revista de logopedia, foniatría y audiología, 2013) Quintero Fuentes, Itziar; Hernández Expósito, Sergio; Verche Borges, Emilio; Acosta Rodríguez, Víctor; Hernández, Ariana
    Existe un acuerdo creciente entre la comunidad científica en la necesidad de considerar el rendimiento neuropsicológico como elemento coadyuvante en la caracterización sintomática del Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL). La estrecha relación entre la adquisición y el uso del lenguaje con funciones de otros dominios cognitivos fundamenta dicha necesidad. En este contexto, se presenta un estudio en el que se ha evaluado el rendimiento neuropsicológico en funciones ejecutivas de una muestra de 31 niños diagnosticados de TEL y 19 niños control. El protocolo de evaluación incluía pruebas destinadas a evaluar: memoria de trabajo verbal y visoespacial; planificación; fluidez verbal y de diseño; inhibición y alternancias. Los resultados encontrados evidenciaron que el grupo TEL presenta un rendimiento inferior en todas las variables. Concretamente, los déficits se objetivan en todas las funciones ejecutivas evaluadas excepto en planificación. Tomados de forma conjunta, consideramos que nuestros resultados ponen en valor la necesidad de contemplar el rendimiento ejecutivo en el diagnóstico de los niños con TEL y sus implicaciones en la elaboración de intervenciones terapéuticas eficaces.
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    Decision-making on an explicit risk-taking task in children and adolescents with high intellectual abilities: a neuropsychological perspective
    (Revista Iberoamericana de Neuropsicología, 2023) Pérez-Tejera, Josué; Cairós-González, Mariana; Verche Borges, Emilio; Borges, África
    Objective: Two processing pathways have been described in explicit risk decision-making tasks: an emotional and a cognitive feedback pathway. The objective of the study was to examine decision-making on an explicit risk-taking task in children and adolescents with high intellectual abilities compared with a control group typical development and to determine whether their execution is similar or different. Methods: This study explores differences in quality of decision making between gifted (n = 28) and average intellectual ability (n = 37) students of two different age groups (children vs. adolescents). Groups were compared using the scores obtained in the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT). Results: Results show that gifted students displayed better decision making as evidenced by higher cognitive self-control to postpone immediate rewards and quality of decision when compared to the control group. Deliberation time in gifted was faster in the adolescent group and slower in the child group. Conclusion: This finding suggests developmental influences that need to be considered to explain the effects of the G factor in decision making skills. Procedures help to reflect upon the contribution of controlled cognitive tasks in elucidating abilities related to general intelligence. Neuropsychological basis of decision-making is briefly discussed.
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    Funciones ejecutivas en alta capacidad intelectual (ACI), trastorno por déficit de atención (TDAH), doble excepcionalidad (ACI-TDAH) e inteligencia promedio
    (Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology, 2022) Verche Borges, Emilio; Rodríguez Cervantes, Celia Josefina; Valadez Sierra, Maria de los Dolores; Soltero Avelar, Rubén; González Betanzos, Fabiola
    Introducción. Existe una marcada confusión diagnóstica entre Alta Capacidad Intelectual (ACI) y Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad (TDAH), frecuentemente se han reportado características de comportamiento similares entre las poblaciones. Valorar Funcio-nes Ejecutivas como procesos subyacentes puede aportar a un diagnóstico diferencial. El ob-jetivo de este estudio es analizar las funciones ejecutivas de planificación, flexibilidad cognitiva, toma de decisión, memoria de trabajo, fluidez verbal, inhibición y atención en alumnos con ACI, alumnos con TDAH, alumnos con doble excepcionalidad (ACI-TDAH) y alumnos con inteligencia promedio, con elfin de establecer un perfil diferencial de estas poblaciones. Método. Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal ex post facto. Participaron 80 alum-nos de educación básica de 7 a 10 años, distribuídos en cuatro grupos. Para la evaluación de las funciones ejecutivas se aplicó la Batería de Evaluación de Funciones Ejecutivas BANFE-2 y Conners Continuous Performance Test CPT-II. Los resultados se analizaron utilizando el Statistical Package for the Social Sciences SPSS v24. Se muestran datos descriptivos y análisis de Kruskal--Wallis para la diferencia de grupos. Resultados. Las funciones flexibilidad cognitiva, fluidez verbal, memoria de trabajo verbal, inhibición y atención muestran algunas diferencias entre grupos obtenidas a través del análisis Kruskal-Wallis, sin observar una clara identificación de las poblaciones. Discusión y conclusiones. Como conjunto, las funciones ejecutivas presentan mutivariabili-dad, limitando la posibilidad de identificar a las poblaciones, por lo que resulta imprescindible considerar de manera específica las funciones ejecutivas en futuros trabajos.
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    Alteraciones de la memoria en el Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje: una perspectiva neuropsicológica
    (Revista de logopedia, foniatría y audiología, 2013) Verche Borges, Emilio; Hernández Expósito, Sergio; Quintero Fuentes, Itziar; Acosta Rodríguez, Víctor
    La adquisición de las habilidades de aprendizaje y memoria está estrechamente vinculada al desarrollo adecuado del lenguaje, observándose un salto cualitativo en ellas cuando las destrezas lingüísticas son idóneas. Una forma directa de investigar la veracidad o no de la afirmación anterior es estudiar cómo es el rendimiento mnésico en sujetos que tienen alteraciones del lenguaje. Sin embargo, existen pocos estudios interesados por la evaluación de la memoria en los trastornos del lenguaje. Con el propósito de contribuir a paliar esta situación, hemos realizado una investigación cuyo objetivo central ha sido estudiar el aprendizaje y la memoria, tanto para material de naturaleza verbal como para material visoespacial, en una muestra de sujetos diagnosticados con Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje (TEL). La muestra estuvo constituida por 31 niños TEL y 19 niños control con edades comprendidas entre los 6 y los 11 años. Las pruebas utilizadas fueron: TAVECI, Subtest de Dígitos del WISC-IV, Subtest de Localización Espacial de la WMS-III, Subtest de Memoria de Historias del Test de Memoria y Aprendizaje (TOMAL) y Test de la Figura Compleja de Rey. El perfil de resultados encontrados objetivó déficits en aprendizaje y memoria en el grupo TEL en todos los niveles analizados. Nuestros resultados ponen de manifiesto alteraciones cognitivas más allá de las lingüísticas y apuntan a la necesidad de incluir la evaluación del aprendizaje y la memoria en la caracterización ómnibus del TEL.
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    Creativity and Decision Making in Giftedness
    (Education Sciences, 2024) Valadez Sierra, María Dolores; Rodríguez Cervantes, Celia Josefina; Verche Borges, Emilio; Panduro Espinoza, Beatriz Verónica
    Creativity is the ability to re-experience mental representations and is the basis of intuitive thinking when constructing images prior to the elaboration of an action plan. Creativity is thought to be related to orbitofrontal functions that govern decision making, such as inhibitory control, risk–benefit evaluation and acceptance of limits and rules, given that these processes prepare one against possible scenarios. Objective: In this study, the relationship between creativity and decision making is investigated to understand the needs of gifted students. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out with gifted students (IQ mean = 133) aged 8–10 years old (n = 25). Instruments: Creative Imagination Test (PIC) and subtests of the Neuropsychological Battery of Executive Functions and Frontal Lobes (BANFE-2) were employed. Analysis: A Spearman correlation analysis was conducted between the normalized BANFE-2 scores and the percentiles of PIC. Results: Moderate correlations were found between creative/narrative flexibility and decision making/risk percentage (r = 0.432, p ≤ 0.05) and decision making/response-effectiveness (r = 0.426, p ≤ 0.05), as well as between graphic creativity/shadow and color with decision making/response-effectiveness (r = 0.452, p ≤ 0.05) and inhibition (r = 0.673, p ≤ 0.01); moderate negative correlations were found between inhibition and graphic creativity/title (r = −0.570, p ≤ 0.05) and general graphic creativity (r = −0.489, p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Creativity in students with intellectual giftedness is favored by a relationship with orbitofrontal functions. Analysis of risk situations and effective decision making increase narrative creation and diminished inhibition allows for greater creative graphic production.