Person:
Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso

First Name

Luis Alfonso

Last Name

Arráez Aybar

Affiliation

Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Faculty / Institute

Medicina

Department

Anatomía y Embriología

Area

Anatomía y Embriología Humana

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 16

Disse and his Space
(2018) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Aller Reyero, María de los Ángeles; Arias Pérez, Jaime; Mérida Velasco, José Ramón
This article aims to review the work of the German anatomist Joseph Disse (1852-1912), specifically with regard to the contents of his ,, Ueber die Lymphbahnen der Laugethierleber". In this he described a thin space, until that moment not referred, located between the hepatocyte and the sinusoidal membrane (sinusoids).
Toledo School of Translators and their influence on anatomical terminology
(Elsevier, 2015-01-21) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Bueno López, José Luis; Raio, Nicolas
Translation facilitates transmission of knowledge between cultures. The fundamental transfer of anatomic terminology from the Ancient Greek and Islamic Golden Age cultures, to medieval Latin Christendom took place in the so-called Toledo School of Translators in the 12th–13th centuries. Translations made in Toledo circulated widely across Europe. They were the foundation of scientific thinking that was born in the boards of first universities. In Toledo, Gerard of Cremona translated Avicenna’s Canon of Medicine, the key work of Islamic Golden Age of medicine. Albertus Magnus, Mondino de Luzzi and Guy de Chauliac, the leading authors of anatomical Latin words in the Middle Ages, founded their books on Gerard’s translations. The anatomical terms of the Canon retain auctoritas up to the Renaissance. Thus, terms coined by Gerard such as diaphragm, orbit, pupil or sagittal remain relevant in the current official anatomical terminology. The aim of the present paper is to bring new attention to the highly significant influence that the Toledo School of Translators had in anatomical terminology. For this, we shall review here the onomastic origins of a number of anatomical terms (additamentum; coracoid process; coxal; false ribs; femur; panniculus; spondylus; squamous sutures; thorax; xiphoid process, etc.) which are still used today.
Latin American Anatomists’ views on human body dissection and donation
(Elsevier, 2023-11-24) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Biasutto, Susana; Amer, Mariano A.R.; García Mata, Ricardo; Bueno López, José Luis
Background Studies abound regarding the medical students' views on the importance of anatomy and the dissection of human bodies, but little is known about the views of Latin American Anatomists. Methods A survey was carried out to test several hypotheses among anatomists of the Americas about how they perceive their professional identity, the use and role of dissection in their undergraduate courses, and the approval degree of bequeathing their body for anatomical teaching/research; another goal was ascertaining to what extent their attitude on these topics depended on gender, length of teaching experience and belief in the afterlife. Results One hundred and forty-five anatomists from thirteen Latin American and Caribbean Countries took the survey; 79% stated the main role of an anatomist is teaching; 34% recorded their undergraduate students dissected human cadavers as part of their anatomy lab course—undergraduates dissecting less in the less experienced anatomists’ courses (p = 0.0002). Most anatomists said dissection was a training tool for undergraduate students, a tool for developing professional skills, and a tool to help control emotions—most experienced anatomists stood out from the rest saying dissection is only to teach anatomy (p < 0.001), even if such response was the least valued by them among all replies. Men differed from women in valuing dissection as a tool to help control emotions (p = 0.006); less experienced anatomists held the opposite (p < 0.0001). Approval of a close doctor-patient relationship diverged, being different between the most and the least experienced anatomists (p = 0.01). Anatomists said they would donate only their organs (44%), whole body (9%) and both organs and body (46%). Undecided anatomists about the belief in life after death were the least in favor of donation (p = 0.05).
A study of the identification and authenticity of three trophy heads
(Romanian Society of Legal Medicine, 2021-03) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Arroyo Pardo, Eduardo; Minaya Bernedo, Angel; Fuentes Redondo, Talía; Carvalho De Moraes, Luís Otávio; Mérida Velasco, José Ramón
Abstract: Trophy heads are human heads that have been removed from the rest of the body at the time of death or later. They present varied elaborations, to a greater or lesser degree: Basically the skull can be preserved (skull trophy) or not (shrunken head). We present here a morphological study that allows us to study the authenticity and possible cultural background of three trophy-heads belonging to the Complutense University’s patrimony (Madrid, Spain) and rediscovered by serendipity. The aim/goal of this paper is twofold. First, study and identify of these trophy heads. Second, to assess their authenticity. We conclude that two out of the three heads are shrunken heads, suggesting that their objective/goal was different and that can be clearly distinguished from the false or commercial shrunken heads, that emerged mainly in the nineteenth century. Also, their morphological and ornamental characteristics indicate that one is authentic or ceremonial tsantsa and the other is commercial. The other head was a skull trophy with the ornamental decorative features compatible to a trophy head by the Mundurucu tribe. Keywords: Anthropology, authenticity evaluation, ceremonial tsantsa, commercial shrunken head, ethnobotany.
La Escuela de Traductores de Toledo y su influencia en la terminología anatómica
(Universidad de Salamanca, 2021) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Bueno López, José Luis; Raio, Nicolas
La traducción facilita la transmisión de conocimientos entre culturas. La transferencia fundamental de la terminología anatómica de las culturas de la Antigua Grecia y la Edad de Oro del islam a la Cristiandad latina medieval tuvo lugar en la llamada Escuela de Traductores de Toledo durante los siglos XII y XIII. Las traducciones realizadas en Toledo circularon ampliamente por Europa. Fueron la base del pensamiento científico que nació en los claustros de las primeras universidades. En Toledo, Gerard de Cremona tradujo el Canon de Medicina de Avicena, la obra clave de la medicina de la Edad de Oro del islam. Alberto Magno, Mondino de Luzzi y Guy de Chauliac, los principales autores de las palabras anatómicas latinas en la Edad Media, basaron sus libros sobre las traducciones de Gerard. Los términos anatómicos del Canon conservan auctoritas hasta el Renacimiento. Así, términos acuñados por Gerard como diafragma, órbita, pupila o sagital siguen siendo relevantes en la terminología anatómica oficial actual. El objetivo del presente artículo es llamar la atención sobre la importante influencia que tuvo la Escuela de Traductores de Toledo en la terminología anatómica. Para ello, revisaremos aquí los orígenes onomásticos de una serie de términos anatómicos aún vigentes.
Embryonic cardiac morphometry in Carnegie stages 15-23, from the Complutense University of Madrid Institute of Embryology Human Embryo Collection
(Karger, 2008) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Turrero, Agustín; Marantos Gamarra, Dimitrios
Aims: We performed a morphometric study of cardiac development on human embryos to complement the scarce data on human embryonic cardiac morphometry and to attempt to establish, from these, algorithms describing cardiac growth during the second month of gestation. Methods: Thirty human embryos from Carnegie stages 15-23 were included in the study. Shrinkage and compression effects from fixation and inclusion in paraffin were considered in our calculations. Results: Growth of the cardiac (whole heart) volume and volume of ventricular myocardium through the Carnegie stages were analysed by ANOVA. Linear correlation was used to describe the relationship between the ventricular myocardium and cardiac volumes. Comparisons of models were carried out through the R2 statistic. The relationship volume of ventricular myocardium versus cardiac volume is expressed by the equation: cardiac volume = 0.6266 + 2.4778 volume of ventricular myocardium. The relationship cardiac volume versus crown-rump length is expressed by the equation: cardiac volume = 1.3 e 0.126 CR length, where e is the base of natural logarithms. Conclusion: At a clinical level, these results can contribute towards the establishment of a normogram for cardiac development, useful for the design of strategies for early diagnosis of congenital heart disease. They can also help in the study of embryogenesis, for example in the discussion of ventricular trabeculation.
Desarrollo de un sistema interactivo para el estudio de la órbita y su contenido: anatomía macroscópica
(2023-06) Asensio, Carmen; Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Catón Vázquez, Francisco Javier; García Serradilla, Moisés; Garcia Gómez, Susana; García de Pereda Notario, Carlos Miguel; Maldonado Bautista, Estela; Martínez Sanz, Elena; Mérida Velasco, José Ramón; Murillo Barrio, Jaime; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Naredo Sánchez, Esperanza; Paradas Lara, Irene; Virto Ruiz, Leire
En este proyecto se ha desarrollado un sistema interactivo para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la docencia de la anatomía macroscópica de la órbita y su contenido por medio de preparaciones anatómicas. Se pretende facilitar el aprendizaje de forma autónoma en español e inglés y, la autoevaluación sobre los conocimientos adquiridos.
Libro de Comunicaciones Premiadas del XIV Congreso Nacional de Investigación para Estudiantes Pregraduados de Ciencias de la Salud y XVIII Congreso de Ciencias Veterinarias y Biomédicas
(Facultad de Medicina - Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 2021) Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Arias Díaz, Javier
Selección de ponencias evaluadas externamente y premiadas por el Comité Intercentros-Comité Científico y el Comité Organizador del XIV Congreso Nacional de Investigación para Estudiantes Pregraduados de Ciencias de la Salud y XVIII Congreso de Ciencias Veterinarias y Biomédicas.
Desarrollo de un sistema interactivo para el estudio de la órbita y su contenido: anatomía microscópica
(2022-06-30) Barrio Asensio, María del Carmen; Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Catón Vázquez, Francisco Javier; García Serradilla, Moisés; García-Mauriño Múzquiz, José Enrique; Maldonado Bautista, Estela; Martínez Sanz, Elena; Mérida Velasco, José Ramón; Murillo Barrio, Jaime; Murillo González, Jorge Alfonso; Paradas Lara, Irene
Se ha desarrollado un sistema interactivo para mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la docencia de la anatomía microscópica de la órbita y su contenido, a través de preparaciones histológicas. Se pretende facilitar el aprendizaje de forma autónoma en español e inglés y, la autoevaluación sobre los conocimientos adquiridos.
The Space of Disse: The Liver Hub in Health and Disease
(MDPI, 2021) Sanz García, Carlos; Fernández Iglesias, Anabel; Gracia Sancho, Jordi; Arráez Aybar, Luis Alfonso; Nevzorova, Yulia A.; Cubero Palero, Francisco Javier
Since it was first described by the German anatomist and histologist, Joseph Hugo Vincenz Disse, the structure and functions of the space of Disse, a thin perisinusoidal area between the endothelial cells and hepatocytes filled with blood plasma, have acquired great importance in liver disease. The space of Disse is home for the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the major fibrogenic players in the liver. Quiescent HSCs (qHSCs) store vitamin A, and upon activation they lose their retinol reservoir and become activated. Activated HSCs (aHSCs) are responsible for secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) into the space of Disse. This early event in hepatic injury is accompanied by loss of the pores—known as fenestrations—of the endothelial cells, triggering loss of balance between the blood flow and the hepatocyte, and underlies the link between fibrosis and organ dysfunction. If the imbalance persists, the expansion of the fibrotic scar followed by the vascularized septae leads to cirrhosis and/or end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, researchers have been focused on finding therapeutic targets that reduce fibrosis. The space of Disse provides the perfect microenvironment for the stem cells niche in the liver and the interchange of nutrients between cells. In the present review article, we focused on the space of Disse, its components and its leading role in liver disease development.