Publication: Diseño y modelización de procesos de extrusión reactiva heterogénea en la fabricación de nitrocelulosa
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2022-03-16
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La nitrocelulosa (NC) es el ester nitrado mas empleado a nivel mundial. Este derivado celulosico se emplea en una amplia gama de productos, que van desde la produccion de polmeros a dinamitas, en funcion del contenido en nitrogeno presente en la misma. Se obtiene a partir de la nitracion de la celulosa con mezcla sulfontrica. Esta reacciones reversible, exotermica y extremadamente rapida. En la reaccion el ion nitronio es la especie responsable de producir un alto grado de nitracion, por lo que la formacion de dicho ion resulta esencial. Actualmente, la NC se obtiene, a nivel industrial, empleando acido ntrico y sulfurico altamente concentrado en varias etapas. Esto da lugar a la generacion de problemas medio ambientales, de seguridad y calidad...
Nitrocellulose (NC) is the most widely used nitrated ester in the world. This cellulosic derivative is used in a wide range of products, ranging from polymers to dynamites, depending on the nitrogen content present in it.This compound is obtained from the nitration of cellulose with a sulfonitric mixture.This reaction is reversible, exothermic, and extremely fast. It is known that the nitronium ion is the specie responsible for producing a high degree of nitration. The formation of this ion is, therefore, essential. NC is currently obtained industrially using highly concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid in several stages. This process produces several environmental, safety and quality problems...
Nitrocellulose (NC) is the most widely used nitrated ester in the world. This cellulosic derivative is used in a wide range of products, ranging from polymers to dynamites, depending on the nitrogen content present in it.This compound is obtained from the nitration of cellulose with a sulfonitric mixture.This reaction is reversible, exothermic, and extremely fast. It is known that the nitronium ion is the specie responsible for producing a high degree of nitration. The formation of this ion is, therefore, essential. NC is currently obtained industrially using highly concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid in several stages. This process produces several environmental, safety and quality problems...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Ingeniería Química y de Materiales, leída el 21-12-2021