El fenómeno hikikomori: tradición, educación y tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC)
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2017
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Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
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Sánchez Rojo, A. (2017). El fenómeno hikikomori: tradición, educación y tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC). Arbor, 193 (785): a405. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2017.785n3010
Abstract
Considerado tradicionalmente exclusivo de la sociedad japonesa, el fenómeno hikikomori o aislamiento social, se ha ido extendiendo en los últimos años a otros países desarrollados de Occidente. Desde una perspectiva filosófico-educativa y, por tanto, a partir del análisis crítico de textos, este trabajo intenta dar respuesta a lo que muchos autores consideran ya una epidemia. Mostraremos, por un lado, que el motivo principal para la aparición de este fenómeno en Japón será el fuerte conflicto existente entre una sociedad individualista y una tradición cultural colectivista aún muy presente. Por otro lado, comprobaremos que este conflicto también está empezando a producirse en Occidente gracias al ideal cada vez más colectivista que las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación (TIC) ofrecen. Consecuentemente, los efectos en Occidente y en Japón empiezan a ser similares. Como conclusión, defenderemos la recuperación de una educación para el desarrollo de la subjetividad que intente superar dicho conflicto.
Traditionally considered as unique to Japan, the hikikomori phenomenon has been spreading in recent years to other developed countries in the Western world. From a philosophical-educational perspective, and thus by means of the critical analysis of texts, this paper tries to tackle what is already considered an epidemic by many authors. We will show, on the one hand, that the main reason for the occurrence of this phenomenon in Japan is a strong conflict between an individualistic society and a, still very present, collectivistic cultural tradition. On the other hand, we will verify that the same conflict is beginning to occur in the Western world thanks to the growing collectivistic ideal offered by information and communication technologies (ICT). Consequently, the effects in the Western world and in Japan are becoming similar. As a conclusion, we support the recovery of an education for subjectivity development that tries to overcome this conflict.
Traditionally considered as unique to Japan, the hikikomori phenomenon has been spreading in recent years to other developed countries in the Western world. From a philosophical-educational perspective, and thus by means of the critical analysis of texts, this paper tries to tackle what is already considered an epidemic by many authors. We will show, on the one hand, that the main reason for the occurrence of this phenomenon in Japan is a strong conflict between an individualistic society and a, still very present, collectivistic cultural tradition. On the other hand, we will verify that the same conflict is beginning to occur in the Western world thanks to the growing collectivistic ideal offered by information and communication technologies (ICT). Consequently, the effects in the Western world and in Japan are becoming similar. As a conclusion, we support the recovery of an education for subjectivity development that tries to overcome this conflict.