Acute Toxicity Evaluation of Lindane-Waste Contaminated Soils Treated by Surfactant-Enhanced ISCO

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dc.contributor.authorSantos López, Aurora
dc.contributor.authorGarcía Cervilla, Raúl
dc.contributor.authorCheca Fernández, Alicia
dc.contributor.authorDomínguez, Carmen M.
dc.contributor.authorLorenzo Fernández, David
dc.date.accessioned2023-06-22T11:10:17Z
dc.date.available2023-06-22T11:10:17Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.description.abstractThe discharge of lindane wastes in unlined landfills causes groundwater and soil pollution worldwide. The liquid waste generated (a mixture of 28 chlorinated organic compounds, COCs) constitutes a dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) that is highly persistent. Although in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) is effective for degrading organic pollutants, the low COCs solubility requires high reaction times. Simultaneous injection of surfactants and oxidants (S-ISCO) is a promising technology to solve the limitation of ISCO treatment. The current work studies the remediation of highly polluted soil (COCs = 3682 mg/kg) obtained at the Sardas landfill (Sabiñáñigo, Spain) by ISCO and S-ISCO treatments. Special attention is paid to acute soil toxicity before and after the soil treatment. Microtox®, modified Basic Solid-Phase Test (mBSPT) and adapted Organic Solvent Sample Solubilization Test (aOSSST) were used for this scope. Persulfate (PS, 210 mM) activated by alkali (NaOH, 210 mM) was used in both ISCO and S-ISCO runs. A non-ionic and biodegradable surfactant selected in previous work, Emulse®3 (E3, 5, and 10 g/L), was applied in S-ISCO experiments. Runs were performed in soil columns filled with 50 g of polluted soil, with eight pore volumes (Pvs) of the reagents injected and 96 h between successive Pv injections. The total treatment time was 32 days. The results were compared with those corresponding without surfactant (ISCO). After remediation treatments, soils were water-washed, simulating the conditions of groundwater flux in the subsoil. The treatments applied highly reduced soil toxicity (final soil toxicity equivalent to that obtained for non-contaminated soil, mBSPT) and organic extract toxicity (reduction > 95%, aOSSST). Surfactant application did not cause an increase in the toxicity of the treated soil, highlighting its suitability for full-scale applications.
dc.description.departmentDepto. de Ingeniería Química y de Materiales
dc.description.facultyFac. de Ciencias Químicas
dc.description.refereedTRUE
dc.description.sponsorshipComunidad de Madrid
dc.description.sponsorshipMinisterio de Ciencia
dc.description.statuspub
dc.eprint.idhttps://eprints.ucm.es/id/eprint/78081
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/molecules27248965
dc.identifier.issn1420-3049
dc.identifier.officialurlhttps://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248965
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/72174
dc.journal.titleMolecules
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.projectIDproject (S2018/EMT-4317)
dc.relation.projectID(project PID2019-105934RB-I00)
dc.rightsAtribución 3.0 España
dc.rights.accessRightsopen access
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
dc.subject.cdu66.0
dc.subject.keywordecotoxicity
dc.subject.keywordsoil remediation
dc.subject.keywordDNAPL
dc.subject.keywordpersulfate
dc.subject.keywordISCO
dc.subject.keywordS-ISCO
dc.subject.keywordchlorinated organic compounds
dc.subject.ucmIngeniería química
dc.subject.unesco3303 Ingeniería y Tecnología Químicas
dc.titleAcute Toxicity Evaluation of Lindane-Waste Contaminated Soils Treated by Surfactant-Enhanced ISCO
dc.typejournal article
dc.volume.number27
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublicationc9d0900f-4c0e-4a20-867d-8103d0ac678a
relation.isAuthorOfPublication7f7026cc-c159-4741-b75b-31514046e120
relation.isAuthorOfPublication53b0ff5e-06e0-4b3f-b275-983b7944879f
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoveryc9d0900f-4c0e-4a20-867d-8103d0ac678a
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