Nuevas aportaciones al desarrollo del cartílago del segundo arco branquial y su incidencia en la clínica
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Publication date
2004
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La Real Academia Nacional de Medicina de España
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Abstract
En el embrión humano el segundo arco branquial posee una estructura
cartilaginosa, denominada cartílago de Reichert, primer autor que en 1837,
sistematizó los arcos viscerales. El concepto de cartílago de Reichert sigue
siendo interpretado actualmente como una estructura que da lugar al estribo del oído medio,
apófisis estiloides, ligamento estilohioideo, cuernos menores del hioides y parte superior
del cuerpo del hioides. Se han analizado en fetos humanos el patrón normal del
cartílago del segundo arco branquial, aportando una nueva interpretación del mismo.
Se sistematizó en dos segmentos, uno craneal de mayor longitud continuo a la
cápsula ótica, otro caudal más pequeño en relación con el hioides.
En nuestra opinión la variabilidad de la forma y disposición del segmento craneal,
determinará la formación de una apófisis estiloides de diferente
longitud y morfología. Nuestros estudios realizados sobre este cartílago,
pueden dar explicación al mecanismo de producción de ciertas variaciones
del área craneofacial con implicaciones clínicas.
In the human embryo, the second branchial arch has a cartilaginous structure called Reichert’s cartilage named alter its discoverer who first classified the visceral arches in 1837. The concept of Reichert’s cartilage is still interpreted today as a structure that gives rise to the stapes of the middle ear, to the styloid process, to the styloid ligament, the lesser horns and the superior part of the hyoid body The normal pattern of the cartilage of the second branchial arch has been studied in human fetuses, giving rise to a new interpretation. It has been classified into two parts, one longer cranial one joined to the otic capsule and another smaller caudal one associated with the hyoid bone. In our opinion, variability in the shape and the arrangement of the cranial portion will condition the formation of a styloid process of different length and morphology. Our studies of this cartilage explain the mechanism by which certain craniofacial variations with clinical implications can arise
In the human embryo, the second branchial arch has a cartilaginous structure called Reichert’s cartilage named alter its discoverer who first classified the visceral arches in 1837. The concept of Reichert’s cartilage is still interpreted today as a structure that gives rise to the stapes of the middle ear, to the styloid process, to the styloid ligament, the lesser horns and the superior part of the hyoid body The normal pattern of the cartilage of the second branchial arch has been studied in human fetuses, giving rise to a new interpretation. It has been classified into two parts, one longer cranial one joined to the otic capsule and another smaller caudal one associated with the hyoid bone. In our opinion, variability in the shape and the arrangement of the cranial portion will condition the formation of a styloid process of different length and morphology. Our studies of this cartilage explain the mechanism by which certain craniofacial variations with clinical implications can arise