Mechanisms and factors contributing to the evolution of hydroclimate during the last millennium
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2024
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10/06/2024
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Evidencias basadas en reconstrucciones climáticas y simulaciones muestran que el clima experimentó cambios importantes durante el ultimo milenio. Estos cambios se pueden asociar a factores de forzamiento externo, como ciclos de actividad solar, cambios en la concentración de gases de efecto invernadero en la atmosfera, erupciones volcánicas, cambios en los parámetros orbitales o cambios en el uso y cobertura del suelo, o a una redistribución de energía como parte de la variabilidad interna del clima. El forzamiento externo y la variabilidad interna contribuyeron a alterar las temperaturas, la extensión de hielo y la dinámica atmosférica, con impactos en el hidroclima de diferentes partes del mundo. El ultimo milenio estuvo caracterizado por un periodo de mayor forzamiento radiactivo, durante la Anomalía Climática del Medievo (MCA; aprox. 950-1250),un periodo de menor forzamiento radiactivo, durante la Pequeña Edad de Hielo (LIA; aprox. 1450-1850), y un rápido aumento del forzamiento radiactivo durante el periodo industrial. La presencia de condiciones de forzamiento diferentes a lo largo del ultimo milenio lo convierten en un periodo adecuado para entender el clima pre-industrial y su variabilidad natural. También proporciona un contexto para el cambio climático actual. Las transiciones durante el ultimo milenio se usan para analizar los mecanismos que hay detrás de los cambios climáticos, incluyendo como los cambios en la temperatura impactan en la dinámica de la atmósfera y el hidroclima, y como estos cambios globales contribuyen a alterar las condiciones atmosféricas y del suelo a escalas regionales...
Evidences from climate reconstructions and model simulations show that climate experienced important changes during the Last Millennium (LM). These changes can be associated with external forcing factors, such as cycles of solar activity, changes in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, volcanic eruptions, changes in orbital parameters, or changes in the land use and land cover, or with a redistribution of energy as part of climate internal variability. Both external forcing and internal variability contributed to alter temperatures, ice extent and atmospheric dynamics, with impacts on the hydroclimate in different parts of the world. The LM was characterised by a period of higher radiactive forcing during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; ca. 950-1250), a period of lower radiactive forcing during the Little Ice Age (LIA; ca.1450-1850), and a rapid increase of the radiative forcing during the industrial era. The presence of changing forcing conditions during the LM makes it a suitable period to understand the pre-industrial climate and its natural variability. It also provides a context for the current climate change. The transitions during the LM are used to analyse the mechanisms behind climate variability and change, including how the changes in temperature impact on atmospheric dynamics and hydroclimate, and how these global changes contribute to alter the atmospheric and land conditions at regional scales...
Evidences from climate reconstructions and model simulations show that climate experienced important changes during the Last Millennium (LM). These changes can be associated with external forcing factors, such as cycles of solar activity, changes in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, volcanic eruptions, changes in orbital parameters, or changes in the land use and land cover, or with a redistribution of energy as part of climate internal variability. Both external forcing and internal variability contributed to alter temperatures, ice extent and atmospheric dynamics, with impacts on the hydroclimate in different parts of the world. The LM was characterised by a period of higher radiactive forcing during the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; ca. 950-1250), a period of lower radiactive forcing during the Little Ice Age (LIA; ca.1450-1850), and a rapid increase of the radiative forcing during the industrial era. The presence of changing forcing conditions during the LM makes it a suitable period to understand the pre-industrial climate and its natural variability. It also provides a context for the current climate change. The transitions during the LM are used to analyse the mechanisms behind climate variability and change, including how the changes in temperature impact on atmospheric dynamics and hydroclimate, and how these global changes contribute to alter the atmospheric and land conditions at regional scales...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas, leída el 10-06-2024