Las tres vertientes del desarrollo económico latinoamericano y su influencia en la integración continental: neoliberalismo, neodesarrollismo y socialismo
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2018
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Universidad Austral de Chile - Sede Río Montt
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Los procesos de integración continental latinoamericana se sostienen sobre tres columnas: una columna diplomática, asociada a diversas organizaciones supranacionales de integración (ALBA, Mercosur, etc.); otra columna política, que tiene que ver con diversas formas de entender el sistema político democrático; y una tercera columna, político-económica, asociada a tres modelos diferentes de desarrollo económico siguiendo escuelas económicas con recetas diferenciadas (neoliberalismo, neodesarrollismo y distintas formas de socialismo). La combinación entre política económica de desarrollo, modelo de democracia política y línea a seguir en política exterior perfila modelos de integración latinoamericana muy distintos, e incluso incompatibles entre sí. Aunque estos tres modelos contribuyen, a su modo, a la integración latinoamericana, a nuestro juicio, solo el modelo socialista contiene elementos sólidos para afianzar dicha integración a largo plazo.
Latin American continental integration processes are based on three columns: a diplomatic column, associated with various supranational integration organizations (ALBA, Mercosur, etc.); another political column, which has to do with different ways of understanding the democratic political system; and a third politic-economic column, associated with three different models of economic development following economic schools with differentiated recipes (neoliberalism, neo-developmentalism and different ways of socialism). The combination of economic development policy, a model of political democracy and a line to follow in foreign policy shapes Latin American integration models that are very different, and even incompatible with each other.Although these three models contribute, in their own way, to Latin American integration, in our opinion, only the socialist model contains solid elements to strengthen this long-term integration.
Latin American continental integration processes are based on three columns: a diplomatic column, associated with various supranational integration organizations (ALBA, Mercosur, etc.); another political column, which has to do with different ways of understanding the democratic political system; and a third politic-economic column, associated with three different models of economic development following economic schools with differentiated recipes (neoliberalism, neo-developmentalism and different ways of socialism). The combination of economic development policy, a model of political democracy and a line to follow in foreign policy shapes Latin American integration models that are very different, and even incompatible with each other.Although these three models contribute, in their own way, to Latin American integration, in our opinion, only the socialist model contains solid elements to strengthen this long-term integration.