Beyond the accuracy gap in self-assessment: exploring reasons for (in)accuracy and the role of individual differences

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dc.contributor.authorPinedo, Leire
dc.contributor.authorPanadero, Ernesto
dc.contributor.authorFernández-Ruiz, Javier
dc.contributor.authorGarcía Pérez, Daniel
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-13T09:27:44Z
dc.date.available2026-02-13T09:27:44Z
dc.date.issued2025-07-04
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dc.description.abstractThis study undertakes a dual exploration, examining the effects of individual differences on self-assessment accuracy, and students’ perspectives on the reasons for their inaccuracies. A total of 112 psychology students self-scored an essay, then received the instructor’s score and were interviewed. Results revealed: (1) a weak positive correlation between self- and instructor scores, with most students slightly underestimating; (2) a significant effect of essay score on accuracy, as higher achievers tended to underestimate and lower achievers to overestimate; (3) a small but significant effect of learning-oriented self-regulation on accuracy, with higher scorers tending to underestimate; (4) inaccuracies were rarely attributed to assessment criteria but instead reflected internal perceptions; (5) high achievers justified underestimation through pessimistic self-perceptions, whereas low achievers explained overestimation through optimism and overconfidence. The findings reveal that self-assessment is as much an affective process as it is a cognitive skill.
dc.description.departmentDepto. de Investigación y Psicología en Educación
dc.description.facultyFac. de Educación
dc.description.refereedTRUE
dc.description.sponsorshipSpanish Ministry of Universities (Ministerio de Universidades)
dc.description.sponsorshipNational FPU Call (Formación de Profesorado Universitario)
dc.description.sponsorshipSpanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad)
dc.description.sponsorshipMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (Spain)
dc.description.sponsorshipBasque University System
dc.description.statuspub
dc.identifier.citationPinedo, L., Panadero, E., Fernández-Ruiz, J., & García-Pérez, D. (2025). Beyond the Accuracy Gap in Self-assessment: Exploring Reasons for (In)Accuracy and the Role of Individual Differences. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 32(4), 462–484. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969594X.2025.2565384
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/0969594x.2025.2565384
dc.identifier.essn0969-594X
dc.identifier.issn1465-329X
dc.identifier.officialurlhttps://doi.org/10.1080/0969594X.2025.2565384
dc.identifier.relatedurlhttps://produccioncientifica.ucm.es/documentos/690fb0029d779071e7cc213e#
dc.identifier.relatedurlhttps://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105020590335?origin=resultslist
dc.identifier.relatedurlhttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/0969594X.2025.2565384
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14352/132297
dc.issue.number4
dc.journal.titleAssessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice
dc.language.isoeng
dc.page.final484
dc.page.initial462
dc.publisherRoutledge - Taylor and Francis
dc.relation.projectIDFPU19/04661
dc.relation.projectIDEDU2016-79714-P
dc.relation.projectIDinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-108982GB-I00/ES/ANALISIS DE LAS PRACTICAS Y EFECTOS DE LA EVALUACION FORMATIVA EN EDUCACION SUPERIOR/
dc.relation.projectIDIT1624-22
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalen
dc.rights.accessRightsembargoed access
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subject.cdu371.26
dc.subject.cdu378
dc.subject.cdu159.923.2
dc.subject.cdu159.923.2
dc.subject.cdu159.953.5
dc.subject.keywordSelf-assessment accuracy
dc.subject.keywordAcademic performance
dc.subject.keywordSelf-assessment accuracy
dc.subject.keywordSelf-regulation
dc.subject.keywordHigher education
dc.subject.ucmEnseñanza universitaria
dc.subject.ucmAprendizaje
dc.subject.ucmPsicología de la educación (Educación)
dc.subject.ucmMétodos de investigación en educación
dc.subject.ucmPersonalidad
dc.subject.unesco5801.06 Evaluación de Alumnos
dc.subject.unesco5801.07 Métodos Pedagógicos
dc.subject.unesco6104.01 Procesos Cognitivos
dc.subject.unesco6111 Personalidad
dc.titleBeyond the accuracy gap in self-assessment: exploring reasons for (in)accuracy and the role of individual differences
dc.typejournal article
dc.type.hasVersionAM
dc.volume.number32
dspace.entity.typePublication
relation.isAuthorOfPublicatione9617b25-769e-4332-8d2b-62ad912107a5
relation.isAuthorOfPublication.latestForDiscoverye9617b25-769e-4332-8d2b-62ad912107a5

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