Optimización del rendimiento del estudio genético en pacientes con sospecha de síndromes polipósicos hereditarios
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2025
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02/07/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es el segundo cáncer con mayor mortalidad a nivel mundial y el primero en incidencia en nuestro país. Aunque la mayoría de casos son de carácter esporádico, influenciados por factores ambientales, existe un 5% que se asocia a factores genéticos. Entre ellos, los síndromes de poliposis hereditaria (SPH) son la segunda causa más frecuente después del síndrome de Lynch. Estos síndromes varían según del tipo y número de pólipos, siendo lo más comunes aquellos que involucran la aparición de adenomas, entre los que se encuentran principalmente: Poliposis Adenomatosa Familiar (desarrollo de más de 100 adenomas), Poliposis Adenomatosa Familiar Atenuada y Poliposis Asociada a MUTYH (menos de 100 adenomas). Los genes APC y MUTYH son los más frecuentes en estas entidades, aunque también se han identificado otros genes de menor incidencia como POLE, POLD1, AXIN2 y NTHL1. En cuanto a poliposis no adenomatosas, se encuentran los SPH con desarrollo de pólipos hamartomatosos relacionados con genes como STK11, SAMD4 y PTEN...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest cancer worldwide and the most common in our country. While most cases are sporadic, influenced by environmental factors, approximately 5% are linked to genetic factors. Among these, hereditary polyposis syndromes (HPS) are the second most common cause after Lynch syndrome. These syndromes vary depending on the type and number of polyps, with the most common being those involving the development of adenomas, among which are primarily: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (development of more than 100 adenomas), Attenuated Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and MUTYH-Associated Polyposis (less than 100 adenomas). APC and MUTYH genes are most frequently involved with these conditions, although other genes with lower incidence, such as POLE, POLD1, AXIN2, and NTHL1, have also been identified. Regarding non-adenomatous polyposis, there are the HPS characterized by the development of hamartomatous polyps related to genes like STK11, SMAD4 and PTEN...
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest cancer worldwide and the most common in our country. While most cases are sporadic, influenced by environmental factors, approximately 5% are linked to genetic factors. Among these, hereditary polyposis syndromes (HPS) are the second most common cause after Lynch syndrome. These syndromes vary depending on the type and number of polyps, with the most common being those involving the development of adenomas, among which are primarily: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (development of more than 100 adenomas), Attenuated Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and MUTYH-Associated Polyposis (less than 100 adenomas). APC and MUTYH genes are most frequently involved with these conditions, although other genes with lower incidence, such as POLE, POLD1, AXIN2, and NTHL1, have also been identified. Regarding non-adenomatous polyposis, there are the HPS characterized by the development of hamartomatous polyps related to genes like STK11, SMAD4 and PTEN...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, leída el 02-07-2025







