El papel de la fauna silvestre como especies centinela del género Leishmania
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2025
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13/01/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Leishmania es un género de parásitos protozoarios capaces de afectar a humanos y animalesdomésticos y silvestres. Se transmite a través de la picadura de las hembras de flebotomos, un insectodíptero hematófago, provocando diferentes manifestaciones clínicas en el humano dependiendo dela especie de parásito y el estado inmunitario del hospedador.En los últimos años se ha incrementado el interés por conocer cómo la fauna silvestre puede albergara estos parásitos, pudiendo actuar como reservorios. En el presente trabajo, se han analizadodiferentes especies de animales silvestres procedentes de distintas Comunidades Autónomas deEspaña para determinar la presencia de Leishmania spp. Además, se ha determinado la sensibilidady especificidad de distintas dianas del ADN utilizando PCR convencional.Como parte de los resultados, se ha detectado por primera vez en Europa la presencia de Leishmaniainfantum en murciélago urbano común (Pipistrellus pipistrellus), siendo una especie ampliamentedistribuida en Europa y muy relacionada con ambientes urbanos y peri-urbanos. Alrededor del 60%de los animales analizados fueron positivos al menos en una de las muestras estudiadas (bazo, peloy coágulo de sangre de corazón). Además, el pelo aportó resultados esperanzadores, dondeaproximadamente la mitad de los individuos positivos lo fueron a esta muestra no invasiva...
Leishmania is a genus of protozoan parasites capable of affecting humans and domestic and wildanimals. It is transmitted through the bite of female phlebotomine sandflies, a hematophagousdipteran insect, causing different clinical manifestations in humans depending on the parasite speciesand the immune status of the host.In recent years, there has been increasing interest in how wildlife can harbour these parasites and actas reservoirs. In the present work, different species of wild animals from different AutonomousCommunities of Spain have been analysed for the presence of Leishmania spp. In addition, thesensitivity and specificity of different DNA targets have been determined using conventional PCR.As part of the results, the presence of Leishmania infantum has been detected for the first time inEurope in common urban bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus), a species widely distributed in Europe andclosely related to urban and peri-urban environments. About 60% of the animals tested were positivefor at least one of the samples tested (spleen, hair and heart blood clot). In addition, hair providedencouraging results, where half of the positive individuals were positive to this non-invasive sample...
Leishmania is a genus of protozoan parasites capable of affecting humans and domestic and wildanimals. It is transmitted through the bite of female phlebotomine sandflies, a hematophagousdipteran insect, causing different clinical manifestations in humans depending on the parasite speciesand the immune status of the host.In recent years, there has been increasing interest in how wildlife can harbour these parasites and actas reservoirs. In the present work, different species of wild animals from different AutonomousCommunities of Spain have been analysed for the presence of Leishmania spp. In addition, thesensitivity and specificity of different DNA targets have been determined using conventional PCR.As part of the results, the presence of Leishmania infantum has been detected for the first time inEurope in common urban bats (Pipistrellus pipistrellus), a species widely distributed in Europe andclosely related to urban and peri-urban environments. About 60% of the animals tested were positivefor at least one of the samples tested (spleen, hair and heart blood clot). In addition, hair providedencouraging results, where half of the positive individuals were positive to this non-invasive sample...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Veterinaria, leída el 13-01-2025.