Imaginarios energéticos y tensiones progresistas en América Latina: el caso de Argentina (2019-2023)
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2025
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Asociación Española de Ciencia Política y de la Administración (AECPA)
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Resina, J. (2025). Imaginarios energéticos y tensiones progresistas en América Latina: el caso de Argentina (2019-2023). Revista Española De Ciencia Política, (68), 43–72. https://doi.org/10.21308/recp.68.02
Abstract
Este artículo tiene como objetivo contribuir al estudio de los imaginarios energéticos en América Latina mediante el análisis de un caso específico: el de Argentina durante el Gobierno de Alberto Fernández (2019-2023). En concreto, el trabajo explora las tensiones que surgen dentro del ámbito progresista entre las miradas más desarrollistas, que promueven la extracción de recursos naturales, y el auge de valores ambientales, que reclaman un mayor respeto por la naturaleza. Para ello, emplea el concepto de imaginarios socio-técnicos como herramienta analítica y examina la política gasífera argentina, con especial interés en la explotación del yacimiento Vaca Muerta. A partir del análisis de 47 discursos presidenciales y 13 entrevistas semi-estructuradas, se identifican cuatro imaginarios energéticos: el nacional-popular, el neo-desarrollista, el ambientalista y el socio-liberal que, enraizados en distintas tradiciones políticas, revelan diversas formas de imaginar la energía y su relación con la sociedad. Por último, la investigación concluye con una discusión sobre las dificultades que enfrentan los gobiernos progresistas de la región en la formulación de políticas energéticas.
This article aims to contribute to the sudy of energy imaginaries in Latin America by analysing a specific case: Argentina during the government of Alberto Fernández (2019-2023). Specifically, the paper explores the tensions in the progressive sphere between more developmentalist visions, which promote the extraction of natural resource, and the rise of environmental values, which demand greater concern for nature. To do this, it employs the concept of socio-technical imaginaries as an analytical tool and examines Argentina’s gas policy, with a particular focus on the exploitation of the Vaca Muerta field. Based on the analysis of 47 presidential speeches and 13 semi-structured interviews, four energy imaginaries are identified: the national-popular, the neo-developmentalist, the environmentalist and the socio-liberal, which, rooted in different political traditions, reveal diverse ways of imagining energy and its relationship with society. Finally, the study concludes with a discussion of the challenges faced by progressive governments in the region when formulating energy policies
This article aims to contribute to the sudy of energy imaginaries in Latin America by analysing a specific case: Argentina during the government of Alberto Fernández (2019-2023). Specifically, the paper explores the tensions in the progressive sphere between more developmentalist visions, which promote the extraction of natural resource, and the rise of environmental values, which demand greater concern for nature. To do this, it employs the concept of socio-technical imaginaries as an analytical tool and examines Argentina’s gas policy, with a particular focus on the exploitation of the Vaca Muerta field. Based on the analysis of 47 presidential speeches and 13 semi-structured interviews, four energy imaginaries are identified: the national-popular, the neo-developmentalist, the environmentalist and the socio-liberal, which, rooted in different political traditions, reveal diverse ways of imagining energy and its relationship with society. Finally, the study concludes with a discussion of the challenges faced by progressive governments in the region when formulating energy policies













