Building in sociology in a pluralistic society: forty years of sociological practice in Spain

Abstract

The chapter explains how the development of Spanish sociology in the last forty years is closely linked to the construction of a pluralistic society. Through the analysis of the evolution of sociology from the standpoint of an institution but also as a discipline, we first examine how recent history has shaped its relations with government and the public sector. Second, we analyze how sociology permeated civil society organizations and established in the market and in other agencies such as political parties. Third, the close relationship with universities and the research system is also explored, since academic sociology and the scientific community of sociologists, organized in professional associations, is constantly growing and adopting a variety of theoretical and methodological standpoints. Fourth, we highlight the growing importance of data production in understanding Spanish social reality, which help to conform the state of public opinion. The chapter concludes with a critical diagnosis of current features and some thoughts on future challenges, such as the importance of combining the “strive for academic excellence” with the necessary production of useful knowledge to solve real problems, the problem of adequate knowledge transfer, proper communication to the lay public or better labour market opportunities. With all these factors in mind, one should never forget what is sociology for, but taking into account that the instrumental perspective need to be completed with the expressive component of the discipline, founded in a value base that need to be present in public debate.