Implementación de la pena sustitutiva de libertad vigilada en la comuna de Antofagasta, Chile. Sus implicancias para el Trabajo Social
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2026
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19/09/2025
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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La delincuencia constituye un fenómeno social complejo de abordar en todas sus dimensiones. Desde tiempos pretéritos, hasta la actualidad, se busca explorar, investigar y responder al qué funciona (Martinson,1974), especialmente, en la población victimaria. Las penas sustitutivas a las privativas de libertad en Chile ejecutadas por la vigilancia de la institucionalidad nacional de Gendarmería, con la promulgación de la Ley 18.216 en el año 1983, cambian de medida alternativa de Libertad Vigilada del Adulto, a penas sustitutivas de Libertad vigilada, orientando nuevas prácticas de intervención criminológica dirigida a la población penal condenada en libertad, en estos diez años, atendiendo a más 2600 usuarios en la comuna de Antofagasta. Bajo la supervisión profesional “orientada a disminuir la reincidencia y ayudar al condenado en su reinserción social de manera que se reduzca al mínimo la probabilidad de que vuelva a delinquir” (Gendarmería de Chile,2013; p.75).Desde un enfoque del Trabajo Social, se ha querido mantener una postura holística del proceso, analizando la implementación de esta condena en población adulta, considerando la evaluación de los usuarios (as), profesionales y jueces vinculados a estos tipos de procesos judiciales y definir el aporte esta disciplina puede aportar a esta ejecución de condena...
Crime is a complex social phenomenon that needs to be addressed in all its dimensions. From ancient times to the present, there have been attempts to explore, investigate, and identify what works (Martinson, 1974), especially in the offender population. The alternative sentences to the deprivation of liberty in Chile carried out by the surveillance of the national institutionality of Gendarmerie, who with the promulgation of Law 18.216 in 1983, shifted from alternative measures of Adult Supervised Freedom, to the alternative sentences of simple and intensive supervised release. This change guided new practices of criminological intervention aimed at the prison population sentenced in freedom. Over the past ten years, more than 2600 users in the commune of Antofagasta have been served.Under professional supervision "aimed at reducing recidivism and helping the convicted person in his social reintegration so that the probability of reoffending is reduced to a minimum" (Gendarmerie of Chile, 2013; p.75).From a Social Work perspective, a holistic approach was adopted to analyze the implementation of this sentence in the adult population, considering the evaluation of users, professionals, and judges linked to these types of judicial processes, and defining the contribution that can be made disciplinarily to these practical processes...
Crime is a complex social phenomenon that needs to be addressed in all its dimensions. From ancient times to the present, there have been attempts to explore, investigate, and identify what works (Martinson, 1974), especially in the offender population. The alternative sentences to the deprivation of liberty in Chile carried out by the surveillance of the national institutionality of Gendarmerie, who with the promulgation of Law 18.216 in 1983, shifted from alternative measures of Adult Supervised Freedom, to the alternative sentences of simple and intensive supervised release. This change guided new practices of criminological intervention aimed at the prison population sentenced in freedom. Over the past ten years, more than 2600 users in the commune of Antofagasta have been served.Under professional supervision "aimed at reducing recidivism and helping the convicted person in his social reintegration so that the probability of reoffending is reduced to a minimum" (Gendarmerie of Chile, 2013; p.75).From a Social Work perspective, a holistic approach was adopted to analyze the implementation of this sentence in the adult population, considering the evaluation of users, professionals, and judges linked to these types of judicial processes, and defining the contribution that can be made disciplinarily to these practical processes...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Trabajo Social, leída el 19-09-2025













