Auditoría de usabilidad y accesibilidad de aplicaciones web
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2015
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Abstract
Las principales aportaciones de este Trabajo Fin de Grado son dos: un nuevo referente para auditar de forma exclusiva la usabilidad y la accesibilidad de aplicaciones web y un nuevo proceso de auditoria que hará uso de dicho referente. Actualmente, existen referentes formales para auditar la accesibilidad web, pero no para la usabilidad. Luego los medios para llevar a cabo este tipo de auditoria no resultan del todo suficientes. Por ello, el objetivo de este Trabajo Fin de Grado es proporcionar recursos para evaluar ambos aspectos de forma conjunta basándose en estándares ya existentes los cuales han sido enriquecidos en contenido y forma.
En primer lugar en este documento se proporciona una breve introducción para poner al lector en situación, explicando los antecedentes que giran en torno al tema a tratar y la situación actual. Además, permitirá entender el valor de la investigación realizada y cuyos resultados se recogen en este Trabajo de Fin de Grado.
A continuación se ofrece un nuevo referente de auditoria, el cual recoge un conjunto de requisitos para evaluar las características de usabilidad y accesibilidad de una aplicación web. Para ello se han analizado otros referentes y, como ya se ha indicado, se han completado con otros definidos por los autores de este documento.
Seguidamente, se explica en detalle un nuevo proceso de auditoria basado en uno ya existente, pero cuyas fases y actividades han sido actualizadas y adaptadas para auditar de forma específica la usabilidad y accesibilidad de una aplicación web.
Como ejemplo de aplicación del referente y proceso de auditoría definidos por los autores, se incluye una serie de casos prácticos en los que se ha verificado el cumplimiento de cada uno de los requisitos redactados en el nuevo referente. De este modo, se ha evaluado el grado de cumplimiento del referente de una aplicación web.
Finalmente, el documento recoge las principales conclusiones y aportaciones de este Trabajo Fin de Grado, así como las líneas abiertas de mejora que pueden ser tratadas en futuras investigaciones.
This dissertation aims to make not one but two main contributions: one being to introduce a new standard of exclusively auditing the usability and the accessibility of web applications and the second one a new auditing process that will use this standard. Currently, there are formal standards of auditing web accessibility. But there is not one for usability, so the ways to audit them are not enough. Therefore the purpose of this dissertation is to supply resources to evaluate both aspects together, basing them on other existing standards whose contents and structure have been improved. First of all, this document provides a brief introduction to familiarize the reader with the context, explain the precedents of the studied subject and its current situation. In addition, the reader will gain a greater understanding of the value of research done, whose results are described in this paper. It continues by offering a new auditing standard, which includes requirements to evaluate the characteristics of usability and accessibility of a web application. Other standards have been analyzed and completed with others defined by the authors of this document. Afterwards, a detailed explanation will be given to the new audit process, which is based on one already existing whose phases and activities have been adapted and modernized to specifically auditing the usability and the accessibility of a web application. Practical cases will also be given as examples of how to apply the standard and the process defined by the authors. They will show if the requirements of the new standard are covered. In this way, it will be possible to evaluate if a web application complies with the standard. Finally, the document gathers a collection of conclusions and contributions presented in this Dissertation, and also mentions some hypothetical ways of improvement that can be considered in future investigations.
This dissertation aims to make not one but two main contributions: one being to introduce a new standard of exclusively auditing the usability and the accessibility of web applications and the second one a new auditing process that will use this standard. Currently, there are formal standards of auditing web accessibility. But there is not one for usability, so the ways to audit them are not enough. Therefore the purpose of this dissertation is to supply resources to evaluate both aspects together, basing them on other existing standards whose contents and structure have been improved. First of all, this document provides a brief introduction to familiarize the reader with the context, explain the precedents of the studied subject and its current situation. In addition, the reader will gain a greater understanding of the value of research done, whose results are described in this paper. It continues by offering a new auditing standard, which includes requirements to evaluate the characteristics of usability and accessibility of a web application. Other standards have been analyzed and completed with others defined by the authors of this document. Afterwards, a detailed explanation will be given to the new audit process, which is based on one already existing whose phases and activities have been adapted and modernized to specifically auditing the usability and the accessibility of a web application. Practical cases will also be given as examples of how to apply the standard and the process defined by the authors. They will show if the requirements of the new standard are covered. In this way, it will be possible to evaluate if a web application complies with the standard. Finally, the document gathers a collection of conclusions and contributions presented in this Dissertation, and also mentions some hypothetical ways of improvement that can be considered in future investigations.
Description
Trabajo de Fin de Grado en Ingeniería Informática (Universidad Complutense, Facultad de Informática, curso 2014/2015)