First theropod footprint identified in the middle Kimmeridgian of Buarcos (West Central Portugal): scientific and educational implications

Abstract

A dinosaur track was recently discovered at Buarcos (Figueira da Foz, Portugal). The stratigraphic level is in the upper part of the Boa Viagem Sandstone Formation, and the specimen is the first evidence for the presence of middle Kimmeridgian dinosaurs in the Cabo Mondego area. This track reveals a medium size theropod estimated with one meter height to the hip. Moderate dinoturbation indicate the presence of more than one dinosaur at that time. This finding suggests that Buarcos area may have a relevant ichnological fossil record, highlighting the importance of further works in this formation. It's also a good indicator for the presence of dinosaur remains which are poorly known in this time interval. Based on the currently known stratigraphic distribution of the theropod fossil record in the Upper Jurassic of the Lusitanian Basin, the trackmaker could have been either Ceratosaurus, Lourinhanosaurus or Allosaurus. The paleoenvironment is interpreted as a deltaic alluvial plain, with small to medium size migrating channels and flooding areas. The footprint has also didactic and aesthetic features which, on display in a museum, contribute to enhance cultural and educational activities. The context of the discovery of this specimen allows to address issues on the geological heritage.