Metasomatism in the lithospheric mantle beneath the Calatrava volcanic field: constraints from peridotite xenoliths of the Cerro Gordo volcano

Abstract

The Calatrava volcanic field (CVF) comprises about 250 volcanic centers in an area of ~5000 km2. Detailed studies on mantle xenolith suites have been focused on the Cerro Pelado (Villaseca et al., 2010, and referencestherein) and the El Aprisco (González-Jiménez et al., 2014) volcanoes, and on other CVF edifices (e.g., Andía et al., 2018; García Serrano et al., 2019). The Cerro Gordo (CG) volcano is a composite edifice made by a scoria cone with short lava flows, which was partially destroyed during an explosive stage generating a maar with pyroclastic surge deposits. Some lenticular cm-sized mantle fragments appear dispersedly within these pyroclastic layers. All the sampled peridotite xenoliths are spinel lherzolites, most of them having amphibole in accessory modal amounts. No previous reference on mantle xenoliths was known from this volcano.