Maxillary Tuberosity Graft for Reconstruction of Horizontal and Vertical Defects in the Posterior Maxilla

Abstract

Introduction: The reconstruction of combined vertical and horizontal bone defects in the posterior maxilla is a common challenge in implant dentistry. The maxillary tuberosity presents a source of autogenous bone that can be harvested with minimal morbidity. This study evaluates the clinical outcomes of using maxillary tuberosity grafts for such reconstructions.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 6 consecutive patients with posterior maxillary defects, treated between 2021 and 2023. All procedures were performed under local anesthesia. Bone grafts were harvested from the maxillary tuberosity and used to reconstruct the defects via the same surgical access. The primary outcomes were graft healing, complication rates, and subsequent implant success.

Results: All 6 grafts healed uneventfully, with no instances of wound dehiscence, infection, graft exposure, or failure. The regenerated bone was of excellent quality, as confirmed clinically and radiographically. A total of 10 implants were placed, all of which achieved primary stability and successful osseointegration without complications.

Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, the maxillary tuberosity graft is a predictable and effective option for reconstructing horizontal and vertical defects in the posterior maxilla. Its use reduces patient morbidity by eliminating the need for a secondary donor site and demonstrates high biocompatibility and favorable healing characteristics.