Optimización de la recanalización arterial en el tratamiento endovascular del ictus isquémico agudo
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2022
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14/06/2022
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
El tratamiento endovascular (TEV) +/- fibrinólisis intravenosa es la terapia de elección en pacientes con ictus isquémico agudo y oclusión de gran vaso. Recientemente se han desarrollado nuevas técnicas de TEV, incluyendo la combinación de stent-retriever (SR) y catéter de aspiración (CA), no obstante, aún hay un porcentaje de pacientes dónde no se alcanza la recanalización vascular. Existen dispositivos que permiten realizar TEV combinado (SR+CA) en oclusiones de gran vaso y vasos de mediano calibre y técnicas de rescate tras fracaso del TEV, sin embargo, aún no está definida qué técnica es la más efectiva en los distintos segmentos del árbol vascular cerebral. El objetivo es analizar la efectividad y seguridad del TEV combinado en oclusiones de gran vaso, segmento M2 de arteria cerebral media (ACM) y vasos medianos y de la implantación de un stent de rescate tras fracaso del TEV. La memoria de la tesis se ha realizado a través de un compendio de publicaciones internacionales incluidas en las bases de datos JCR. El artículo 1 corresponde a un análisis retrospectivo de pacientes con oclusión de gran vaso y tratados con SR+CA utilizando CA de distinto calibre entre 2018 y 2020 en dos centros, comparando los resultados de procedimiento y clínicos entre grupos. Se estudiaron 238 pacientes tratados con SR+CA en oclusiones de gran vaso, asociándose el uso del CA de mayor calibre a una mayor tasa de efecto del primer pase, tiempos de procedimiento más cortos y menor tasa de complicaciones...
Endovascular treatment (EVT) +/- intravenous fibrinolysis is the treatment of choice in patients with acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusion. Recently, new EVT techniques have been developed, including the combination of stent-retriever (SR) and contact aspiration (CA), however, there is still a percentage of patients where vascular reperfusion is not achieved. There are devices that allow combined EVT (SR+CA) in large vessel occlusion and medium vessel occlusion and rescue techniques after failed EVT, however, it is not yet defined which technique is the most effective in the different segments of the cerebral vascular tree. The aim is to analyze the effectiveness and safety of combined EVT in large vessel occlusion, M2 segment of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and medium vessel occlusions and of rescue stent deployment after EVT failure, through a compendium of publications. Article 1 corresponds to a retrospective analysis of patients with large vessel occlusion and treated with SR+CA using different bore aspiration catheters between 2018 and 2020 at two centers, comparing procedural and clinical outcomes between groups. 238 patients with large vessel occlusion were treated with SR+CA during the study period and the use of the larger-bore aspiration catheter was associated with a higher first-pass effect rate, shorter procedure times and lower complication rate...
Endovascular treatment (EVT) +/- intravenous fibrinolysis is the treatment of choice in patients with acute ischemic stroke and large vessel occlusion. Recently, new EVT techniques have been developed, including the combination of stent-retriever (SR) and contact aspiration (CA), however, there is still a percentage of patients where vascular reperfusion is not achieved. There are devices that allow combined EVT (SR+CA) in large vessel occlusion and medium vessel occlusion and rescue techniques after failed EVT, however, it is not yet defined which technique is the most effective in the different segments of the cerebral vascular tree. The aim is to analyze the effectiveness and safety of combined EVT in large vessel occlusion, M2 segment of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and medium vessel occlusions and of rescue stent deployment after EVT failure, through a compendium of publications. Article 1 corresponds to a retrospective analysis of patients with large vessel occlusion and treated with SR+CA using different bore aspiration catheters between 2018 and 2020 at two centers, comparing procedural and clinical outcomes between groups. 238 patients with large vessel occlusion were treated with SR+CA during the study period and the use of the larger-bore aspiration catheter was associated with a higher first-pass effect rate, shorter procedure times and lower complication rate...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 14-06-2022