Reconstrucción de las condiciones paleoambientales del depósito Pñ (Macizo de Peñalara, Sierra de Guadarrama. Madrid), durante los últimos 2.000 años, a partir del contenido en microfósiles no polínicos (NPPs)

Abstract

The content in non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs), constitutes an important tool at the time of reconstructing the paleoenviromental changes of a deposit and explaining them in terms of climate and/or anthropic activity. This work show NPPs data from the peat deposit Pñ appear, of periglacial origin, located in the bulk of Peñalara, (Mountain range of Guadarrama, Madrid). 14C data, locate the formation of this deposit in 1.600±40 BP. During this period, the palinological data show a regional landscape formed by forests of Pinus sylvestris, Pinus pinaster and Quercus, as well as presences of Betula, whereas on local scale anthropozoogenic bivouacs are developed to pastures (Poaceae and Plantago lanceolata). The presence of the higrophic pastures (Cyperaceae) is constant throughout all the profile, like the NPPs, of similar ecological affinity and whose variations have been very useful at the time of establishing the humidity fluctuations. Other NPPs has served to demonstrate: the major or minor pastoral pressure, and the variations in the trophic conditions of the peat bog. The changes observed in the vegetation and the uses of the ground, are also stated through the information provided by the values of the pH and the conductivity of the sediment.