Impacto de la pandemia Covid-19 en la calidad de vida de las personas adultas con discapacidad intelectual y/o del desarrollo
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2021
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Abstract
Este estudio presenta un análisis de las consecuencias y efectos que la pandemia COVID-19 ha ocasionado en la calidad de vida de las personas con discapacidad intelectual y/o del desarrollo. Para ello se ha contado con 123 personas con discapacidades intelectuales y/o del desarrollo de la Comunidad de Madrid, que residen con sus familias o en servicios residenciales. Todos los participantes son adultos y participan en servicios de atención diurna o centros ocupacionales.
Para el análisis de la calidad de vida se ha utilizado la escala INICO-FEAPS para la evaluación de la calidad de vida de personas con discapacidad intelectual y/o del desarrollo (Verdugo et al, 2013). Este análisis se ha realizado en años diferenciados (2018 y 2021) y, dada la incidencia del COVID-19 en la vida de todas las personas, se ha realizado un contraste de los valores promedio obtenidos por los participantes en las dos muestras. Los resultados obtenidos detallan una disminución en varias de las dimensiones de Calidad de Vida (Schalock & Verdugo 2003, 2007) en función de la tipología de vivienda en la que residen (familiar o residencial). Este estudio permite mejorar la intervención con personas con discapacidad hacia enfoques más desinstitucionalizadores en los que la vida en comunidad sea uno de los factores a tener en cuenta.
This study presents an analysis of the consequences and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life of people with intellectual and / or developmental disabilities. For this, 123 people with intellectual and / or developmental disabilities from the Community of Madrid have been counted, who reside with their families or in residential services. All participants are adults and participate in day care services or occupational centers. For the quality of life analysis, the INICO-FEAPS scale has been used to assess the quality of life of people with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (Verdugo et al, 2013). This analysis has been carried out in different years (2018 and 2021) and given the incidence of COVID-19 in the lives of all people, a contrast of the average values obtained by the participants in the two samples has been carried out. The results obtained detail a decrease in several of the Quality of Life dimensions (Schalock & Verdugo 2003, 2007) depending on the type of dwelling in which they reside (family or residential). This study makes it possible to improve the intervention with people with disabilities towards more deinstitutionalizing approaches in which life in the community is one of the factors that must be taken into account.
This study presents an analysis of the consequences and effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life of people with intellectual and / or developmental disabilities. For this, 123 people with intellectual and / or developmental disabilities from the Community of Madrid have been counted, who reside with their families or in residential services. All participants are adults and participate in day care services or occupational centers. For the quality of life analysis, the INICO-FEAPS scale has been used to assess the quality of life of people with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (Verdugo et al, 2013). This analysis has been carried out in different years (2018 and 2021) and given the incidence of COVID-19 in the lives of all people, a contrast of the average values obtained by the participants in the two samples has been carried out. The results obtained detail a decrease in several of the Quality of Life dimensions (Schalock & Verdugo 2003, 2007) depending on the type of dwelling in which they reside (family or residential). This study makes it possible to improve the intervention with people with disabilities towards more deinstitutionalizing approaches in which life in the community is one of the factors that must be taken into account.