Evolución clínica, analítica y psicológica de los pacientes diagnosticados de hipotiroidismo congénito y tratados en el programa de detección precoz de la Comunidad de Madrid
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2024
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2023
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
La instauración de los programas de detección precoz del hipotiroidismo congénito (HC) ha permitido superar la discapacidad intelectual asociada al mismo. Sin embargo, existe un grupo de pacientes en los que persiste una sutil disfunción cognitiva o intelectual. Algunos autores han asociado esta disfunción con la falta de optimización del tratamiento durante los primeros años de vida. Objetivos: Evaluar la eficacia del Programa de Detección Precoz de Hipotiroidismo Congénito de la Comunidad de Madrid desde el punto de vista cognitivo, además de clínico y analítico. Pacientes, material y métodos: estudio descriptivo de casos y controles, de una selección de la cohorte de los pacientes con HC diagnosticados y seguidos en la Unidad de Diagnóstico y Seguimiento del Programa de Detección Precoz de HC de la Comunidad de Madrid entre los años 2001 y 2011. Se realizó una valoración neurocognitiva a pacientes de entre 6 y 16 años de edad y hermanos sanos de las mismas edades que conforman un grupo control de nivel sociocultural similar. Se valoró el desarrollo intelectual mediante el WISC-V, las funciones ejecutivas mediante el BRIEF-2 y la capacidad de atención mediante el CARAS-R. Se correlacionaron los hallazgos neurocognitivos con las variables clínicas y analíticas al nacimiento y diagnóstico, durante el seguimiento y en el momento de la evaluación...
Early Detection Programs for Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) have made it possible to overcome the intellectual disability associated with it. However, there is a group of patients in whom a subtle cognitive or intellectual dysfunction persists. Some authors have associated this dysfunction with a lack of optimization of treatment during the first years of life.Objetives: Evaluating the effectiveness of the Early Detection Program for CH of Madrid from the cognitive ,as well as clinical and analytical point of view.Patients, material and methods: Descriptive case-control study, of a selection of the cohort of patients with HC diagnosed and followed up in the Diagnosis and Follow-up Unit of the Early Detection Program of HC of Madrid between the years 2001 and 2011. Neurocognitive assessment of patients between 6 and 16 years of age and healthy siblings of the same ages as a control group of similar sociocultural status. Intellectual development was assessed using the WISC-V, executive functions using the BRIEF-2, and attention span using the CARAS-R tests. Neurocognitive findings were correlated with clinical and analytical variables at birth and diagnosis, during follow-up, and at the time of psychological evaluation.Results: Neurocognitive assessment was performed on 71 children (41 patients and 30 healthy controls). The age of initiation of treatment and the initial dose of LT4 were adjusted to the current international recommendations (10.78 ± 4.19 days and 12.74 ± 2.07 μg/Kg/day) and scintigraphy was performed in all patients at diagnosis (24.4% were eutopic thyroid gland, 53.7% ectopic gland, 19.5% did not uptake tecnetium, and 2.4% hemithyroid)...
Early Detection Programs for Congenital Hypothyroidism (CH) have made it possible to overcome the intellectual disability associated with it. However, there is a group of patients in whom a subtle cognitive or intellectual dysfunction persists. Some authors have associated this dysfunction with a lack of optimization of treatment during the first years of life.Objetives: Evaluating the effectiveness of the Early Detection Program for CH of Madrid from the cognitive ,as well as clinical and analytical point of view.Patients, material and methods: Descriptive case-control study, of a selection of the cohort of patients with HC diagnosed and followed up in the Diagnosis and Follow-up Unit of the Early Detection Program of HC of Madrid between the years 2001 and 2011. Neurocognitive assessment of patients between 6 and 16 years of age and healthy siblings of the same ages as a control group of similar sociocultural status. Intellectual development was assessed using the WISC-V, executive functions using the BRIEF-2, and attention span using the CARAS-R tests. Neurocognitive findings were correlated with clinical and analytical variables at birth and diagnosis, during follow-up, and at the time of psychological evaluation.Results: Neurocognitive assessment was performed on 71 children (41 patients and 30 healthy controls). The age of initiation of treatment and the initial dose of LT4 were adjusted to the current international recommendations (10.78 ± 4.19 days and 12.74 ± 2.07 μg/Kg/day) and scintigraphy was performed in all patients at diagnosis (24.4% were eutopic thyroid gland, 53.7% ectopic gland, 19.5% did not uptake tecnetium, and 2.4% hemithyroid)...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Medicina, leída el 10-07-2023