Does the board's human capital, social capital and participation affect co-operative performance? The case of Program Desa Lestari
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2023
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Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales. Escuela de Estudios Cooperativos
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Abstract
The Malaysian government has implemented a number of community development programmes, and this effort has been continued with the introduction of Program Desa Lestari. Program Desa Lestari is the government's most recent community development initiative, emphasising co-operative as a community development strategy. Given the co-operatives' position as the driving force behind this initiative, it is important that the current research examine cooperative performance, which is reliant on the board's ability to effectively fulfil their roles. Several board-related factors have been postulated, and this study has focused on the provision roles of board members' resources derived from human and social capital, with the inclusion of a mediation function of board participation. This study adopts a quantitative research approach using a correlation research design. Applying a proportional stratified sampling method, data were gathered from questionnaires distributed online and postal. The data from 226 eligible responses from 38 cooperatives were then analysed. A Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) approach was used to analyse the data. Overall, co-operative performance in Program Desa Lestari was found to be moderate, with most cooperatives (ƒ=21) performing at an average to a very satisfactory level (51% and above). Interestingly, despite respondents' high levels of human capital and social capital in the current study, the findings revealed that these factors had no impact on co-operative performance, which in turn influences the mediating role of board participation. This study, however, serves as prospective research as it is the first to integrate the resource dependence theory and participation theory in investigating the effectiveness of board members on co-operatives performance especially in the context of Malaysia.
El gobierno de Malasia ha implementado una serie de programas de desarrollo comunitario, y este esfuerzo ha continuado con la introducción del Programa Desa Lestari. El programa Desa Lestari es la iniciativa de desarrollo comunitario más reciente del gobierno, que enfatiza la cooperación como una estrategia de desarrollo comunitario. Dada la posición de las cooperativas como fuerza impulsora detrás de esta iniciativa, es importante que la investigación actual examine el desempeño cooperativo, que depende de la capacidad de la junta para cumplir eficazmente sus funciones. Se han postulado varios factores relacionados con el directorio, y este estudio se ha centrado en los roles de provisión de recursos de los miembros del directorio derivados del capital humano y social, con la inclusión de una función de mediación de la participación del directorio. Este estudio adopta un enfoque de investigación cuantitativa utilizando un diseño de investigación de correlación. Aplicando un método de muestreo estratificado proporcionado, se recopilaron datos de cuestionarios distribuidos en línea y por correo. Luego se analizaron los datos de 226 respuestas elegibles de 38 cooperativas. Para analizar los datos se utilizó un enfoque de Modelado de ecuaciones estructurales de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM). En general, el desempeño de las cooperativas en el Programa Desa Lestari resultó ser moderado, con la mayoría de las cooperativas (ƒ = 21) con un desempeño de promedio a un nivel muy satisfactorio (51% y más). Curiosamente, a pesar de los altos niveles de capital humano y capital social de los encuestados en el estudio actual, los hallazgos revelaron que estos factores no tenían ningún impacto en el desempeño cooperativo, lo que a su vez influye en el papel mediador de la participación de la junta. Este estudio, sin embargo, sirve como investigación prospectiva, ya que es el primero en integrar la teoría de la dependencia de recursos y la teoría de la participación en la investigación de la efectividad de los miembros de la junta en el desempeño de las cooperativas, especialmente en el contexto de Malasia.
El gobierno de Malasia ha implementado una serie de programas de desarrollo comunitario, y este esfuerzo ha continuado con la introducción del Programa Desa Lestari. El programa Desa Lestari es la iniciativa de desarrollo comunitario más reciente del gobierno, que enfatiza la cooperación como una estrategia de desarrollo comunitario. Dada la posición de las cooperativas como fuerza impulsora detrás de esta iniciativa, es importante que la investigación actual examine el desempeño cooperativo, que depende de la capacidad de la junta para cumplir eficazmente sus funciones. Se han postulado varios factores relacionados con el directorio, y este estudio se ha centrado en los roles de provisión de recursos de los miembros del directorio derivados del capital humano y social, con la inclusión de una función de mediación de la participación del directorio. Este estudio adopta un enfoque de investigación cuantitativa utilizando un diseño de investigación de correlación. Aplicando un método de muestreo estratificado proporcionado, se recopilaron datos de cuestionarios distribuidos en línea y por correo. Luego se analizaron los datos de 226 respuestas elegibles de 38 cooperativas. Para analizar los datos se utilizó un enfoque de Modelado de ecuaciones estructurales de mínimos cuadrados parciales (PLS-SEM). En general, el desempeño de las cooperativas en el Programa Desa Lestari resultó ser moderado, con la mayoría de las cooperativas (ƒ = 21) con un desempeño de promedio a un nivel muy satisfactorio (51% y más). Curiosamente, a pesar de los altos niveles de capital humano y capital social de los encuestados en el estudio actual, los hallazgos revelaron que estos factores no tenían ningún impacto en el desempeño cooperativo, lo que a su vez influye en el papel mediador de la participación de la junta. Este estudio, sin embargo, sirve como investigación prospectiva, ya que es el primero en integrar la teoría de la dependencia de recursos y la teoría de la participación en la investigación de la efectividad de los miembros de la junta en el desempeño de las cooperativas, especialmente en el contexto de Malasia.