A vueltas con la SICAV. Reflexiones críticas desde el punto de vista económico-tributario
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2014
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Instituto Complutense de Estudios Internacionales (ICEI)
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Luque, Víctor Antonio, y Miguel Ángel Luque. «A vueltas con las SICAV. Reflexiones críticas desde el punto de vista económico-tributario». Papeles de Europa 27, n.o 2 (2014): 1-17. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev_PADE.2014.v27.n2.48671.
Abstract
Las Sociedades de Inversión de Capital Variable (SICAV) son un tipo de sociedad de inversión colectiva que viene recibiendo una "singular atención mediática” debido a que, al menos en apariencia, constituyen un instrumento para canalizar la inversión de los grandes patrimonios beneficiándose de un tipo nominal en el impuesto de sociedades de tan solo el 1 %. En el trabajo se analiza la evolución patrimonial y su distribución entre los diferentes componentes desde 2001 hasta 2014. Se aborda la posible existencia de fraude de ley en la utilización de esta figura, cuando se instrumentaliza por una o varias personas vinculadas, con la finalidad de obtener un ahorro tributario al margen del objeto (inversión colectiva) de la sociedad. Se analiza las repercusiones que tiene el hecho de que la competencia sobre el control tributario de las SICAV resida en la CNMV en lugar de la Agencia Estatal de Administración Tributaria. Por último, se presentan una serie de reflexiones, en relación con el posible riesgo de fuga de capitales que en ocasiones ha servido de justificación para el establecimiento de un régimen jurídico privilegiado.
SICAVs are a type of investment society which are receiving "specific media attention" because, at least in appearance, they are an instrument which enables the channelling of investment by the large equities/net worths benefiting from a nominal type in corporate tax of only 1%. This paper analyses the patrimonial evolution and its distribution between the different components from 2001 to 2014. The possible existence of law fraud in the use of this figure is discussed, when instrumented by one or more people associated for the purpose of obtaining a tributary saving outside the object (collective investment) of society. The repercussions of the fact that competition for tributary control of the SICAV resides in the CNMV instead of the State Tributary Administration Agency is analysed. Finally, some observations regarding the potential risk of capital flight that has sometimes served as justification for the establishment of a privileged legal regime are presented.
SICAVs are a type of investment society which are receiving "specific media attention" because, at least in appearance, they are an instrument which enables the channelling of investment by the large equities/net worths benefiting from a nominal type in corporate tax of only 1%. This paper analyses the patrimonial evolution and its distribution between the different components from 2001 to 2014. The possible existence of law fraud in the use of this figure is discussed, when instrumented by one or more people associated for the purpose of obtaining a tributary saving outside the object (collective investment) of society. The repercussions of the fact that competition for tributary control of the SICAV resides in the CNMV instead of the State Tributary Administration Agency is analysed. Finally, some observations regarding the potential risk of capital flight that has sometimes served as justification for the establishment of a privileged legal regime are presented.