Identidad, memoria y fotografía con la educación: nuevos contextos mediáticos, cultura prosumidora, hacia un nuevo amateurismo
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2016
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10/11/2015
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Universidad Complutense de Madrid
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Abstract
Con el cambio de milenio se han producido dos hitos significativos que determinan un giro sin precedentes en la práctica fotográfica. Uno de ellos es la implantación definitiva de los procesos digitales. Estos procesos implican dos cuestiones fundamentales, por un lado en lo cuantitativo la popularización de los sistemas de captura, donde la cámara ligera del siglo XX queda transfigurada en teléfonos, tabletas, ordenadores, cámaras ultraligeras y todo tipo de dispositivos y, por otro lado, en lo cualitativo, la toma de conciencia e irrupción del ciudadano en la práctica de los procesos de postcaptura o interpretación de la imagen registrada en los ámbitos no profesionales. Tales cambios tecnológicos afectan de forma notoria a los operadores del nuevo sistema produciéndose una crisis excepcional en la historia de la fotografía que diluye las fronteras entre operadores profesionales y amateurs. Se configura y determina así la aparición de un nuevo amateur sui géneris. También se producen giros excepcionales en lo tecnológico que afectan a los nuevos operadores de la fotografía y a su propia función y naturaleza: el desarrollo de las comunicaciones en Internet y en particular con la normalización del uso de las redes sociales. Este nuevo contexto mediático convierte al usuario de las redes ya no sólo en un mero consumidor sino también en un productor de contenidos. Esta mutación del ciudadano en prosumidor (productor y consumidor) despierta su necesidad de aprendizaje práctico y operativo y de la alfabetización en los códigos icónicos...
With the advent of the millennium we have witnessed two significant milestones which have produced an unprecedented shift in the field of photography. One is the definitive implementation of digital processes. These processes involve two fundamental issues: firstly, in the quantitative field, by popularizing capture systems where the light chamber of the twentieth century has been transfigured into phones, tablets, computers, ultra-light cameras and all kinds of devices and, secondly, in the qualitative field, as a result of the emergence and awareness of citizens in the practice of post-capture processes or interpretation of the image recorded in non-professional fields. Such technological changes markedly affect operators of the new system and are producing an exceptional crisis in the history of photography which blurs the boundaries between professional and amateurs. These conditions shape and determine the appearance of a new sui generis amateur. Exceptional changes in technology also occur in photography. These affect new actors as well as the specific nature of photography: the development of Internet communications and particularly the standardization of the use of social networks. This new media environment means that the networks user is not just a mere consumer of content but also a producer. This mutation of the citizen into a prosumer (producer and consumer) demands further practical and operational learning as well as increased literacy in iconic codes. The consolidation and maturity of these technological changes has coincided, in our country, with an unprecedented economic crisis that has substantially affected investment in the social sphere, particularly in education and in the areas of artistic expression. The shortcomings in the formal contexts, together with the situation described, forces citizens to develop skills in these areas, leading to unprecedented levels of self-instruction...
With the advent of the millennium we have witnessed two significant milestones which have produced an unprecedented shift in the field of photography. One is the definitive implementation of digital processes. These processes involve two fundamental issues: firstly, in the quantitative field, by popularizing capture systems where the light chamber of the twentieth century has been transfigured into phones, tablets, computers, ultra-light cameras and all kinds of devices and, secondly, in the qualitative field, as a result of the emergence and awareness of citizens in the practice of post-capture processes or interpretation of the image recorded in non-professional fields. Such technological changes markedly affect operators of the new system and are producing an exceptional crisis in the history of photography which blurs the boundaries between professional and amateurs. These conditions shape and determine the appearance of a new sui generis amateur. Exceptional changes in technology also occur in photography. These affect new actors as well as the specific nature of photography: the development of Internet communications and particularly the standardization of the use of social networks. This new media environment means that the networks user is not just a mere consumer of content but also a producer. This mutation of the citizen into a prosumer (producer and consumer) demands further practical and operational learning as well as increased literacy in iconic codes. The consolidation and maturity of these technological changes has coincided, in our country, with an unprecedented economic crisis that has substantially affected investment in the social sphere, particularly in education and in the areas of artistic expression. The shortcomings in the formal contexts, together with the situation described, forces citizens to develop skills in these areas, leading to unprecedented levels of self-instruction...
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Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Bellas Artes, Departamento de Didáctica de la Expresión Plástica, leída el 10-11-2015