El rol de las potencias internacionales y regionales en Afganistán. El regreso del “gran juego”

Abstract

El regreso del movimiento talibán al poder abre una nueva etapa en Afganistán y un escenario renovado para Asia Central. En un primer momento, prácticamente la totalidad de los vecinos afganos recibieron con satisfacción la retirada de los Estados Unidos y de la OTAN; sin embargo, unas escasas semanas después, estos sentimientos permutaron hacia la incertidumbre y desconfianza que genera el primer gobierno talibán en torno al control y estabilización del país.

Taliban have returned to Afghanistan, and it is a new period for the country and Central Asia. Firstly, almost all Afghanistan neighbors received with satisfaction the withdrawal of the United State and NATO; however, these feelings quickly turned into uncertainty and distrust to the first Taliban government. Afghanistan could convert into an uncontrolled space, favorable for crime organizations and international terrorism. At the same time, it is also a new opportunity for some states to gain strategic depth in the region. Afghanistan stability is essential for international and regional powers obtain their goals, mainly, to gain strategic depth. Security and trade are fundamental sectors for these states. Therefore, Afghanistan recovers the role of essential piece in the new Great Game of Central Asia in the 21st Century.